Types of speech according to delivery
There are four main types of speech delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized. Impromptu speeches are delivered with little preparation and depend on the speaker's ability to think on their feet. Extemporaneous speeches allow for some preparation through notes but not a full script. Manuscript speeches require reading from a fully prepared text to avoid mistakes. Memorized speeches are rarely recommended due to the mechanical delivery, but if used the speech should be kept short and expressive. The type of delivery chosen depends on the context and goals of the specific speech. Read less
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- 1. TYPES OF SPEECH ACCORDING TO DELIVERY
- 2. One way of classifying speeches is the manner by which the speech will be presented to the audience. This classification is by delivery method. There are a few ways in which this is done: • Impromptu • Extemporaneous • Manuscript • Memorized
- 3. IMPROMPTU • This type of speech is delivered “on the spur of the moment” and this depends solely on your ability to speak in an instant. To be successful, you need to: • Consider the question or statement to which you are about to reply or react. • Speak briefly but be sure to speak about the significant point/s. • Compose yourself as you organize your thoughts logically. • Be mindful of what you say but not overly self-conscious. • Breathe properly.
- 4. EXTEMPORANEOUS • This speech allows the speaker to prepare his/her thoughts and mode of delivery. Notecards or short outlines written on a small sheet of paper help significantly in making the speech delivery organized. To succeed, you need to • do research on the topic • have enough practice delivering the speech to gain self-confidence
- 5. MANUSCRIPT • Before delivering this speech, the speaker prepares the manuscript that he/she has to present. This requires the speaker to read every word in it. This type of speech happens when the speaker cannot afford to commit any mistake or when the script has to be read exactly as it was written. To succeed, you need to: • Focus on key phrases and highlight keywords on your manuscript. • Practice your speech repeatedly. • Glance at the highlighted words to remember which idea comes next. • Thoroughly familiarize yourself with the substance of your speech and the sequence of your main points. • Maintain a conversational tone. • Periodically look at your audience.
- 6. MEMORIZED This usually sounds mechanical and is seldom uses or recommended. If you choose to memorize: • keep it short • add expression in your voice How you deliver your speech is important as an audience may refuse to listen to your message at all if you do not use an effective presentation method given your purpose, audience, and context. The good news is that this skill can be learned. With practice, speaking effectively before an audience gets easier and more personally satisfying as you get back the energy generated by your speech from the audience.
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14.1 Four Methods of Delivery
Learning objectives.
- Differentiate among the four methods of speech delivery.
- Understand when to use each of the four methods of speech delivery.
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The easiest approach to speech delivery is not always the best. Substantial work goes into the careful preparation of an interesting and ethical message, so it is understandable that students may have the impulse to avoid “messing it up” by simply reading it word for word. But students who do this miss out on one of the major reasons for studying public speaking: to learn ways to “connect” with one’s audience and to increase one’s confidence in doing so. You already know how to read, and you already know how to talk. But public speaking is neither reading nor talking.
Speaking in public has more formality than talking. During a speech, you should present yourself professionally. This doesn’t mean you must wear a suit or “dress up” (unless your instructor asks you to), but it does mean making yourself presentable by being well groomed and wearing clean, appropriate clothes. It also means being prepared to use language correctly and appropriately for the audience and the topic, to make eye contact with your audience, and to look like you know your topic very well.
While speaking has more formality than talking, it has less formality than reading. Speaking allows for meaningful pauses, eye contact, small changes in word order, and vocal emphasis. Reading is a more or less exact replication of words on paper without the use of any nonverbal interpretation. Speaking, as you will realize if you think about excellent speakers you have seen and heard, provides a more animated message.
The next sections introduce four methods of delivery that can help you balance between too much and too little formality when giving a public speech.
Impromptu Speaking
Impromptu speaking is the presentation of a short message without advance preparation. Impromptu speeches often occur when someone is asked to “say a few words” or give a toast on a special occasion. You have probably done impromptu speaking many times in informal, conversational settings. Self-introductions in group settings are examples of impromptu speaking: “Hi, my name is Steve, and I’m a volunteer with the Homes for the Brave program.” Another example of impromptu speaking occurs when you answer a question such as, “What did you think of the documentary?”
The advantage of this kind of speaking is that it’s spontaneous and responsive in an animated group context. The disadvantage is that the speaker is given little or no time to contemplate the central theme of his or her message. As a result, the message may be disorganized and difficult for listeners to follow.
Here is a step-by-step guide that may be useful if you are called upon to give an impromptu speech in public.
- Take a moment to collect your thoughts and plan the main point you want to make.
- Thank the person for inviting you to speak.
- Deliver your message, making your main point as briefly as you can while still covering it adequately and at a pace your listeners can follow.
- Thank the person again for the opportunity to speak.
- Stop talking.
As you can see, impromptu speeches are generally most successful when they are brief and focus on a single point.
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Extemporaneous Speaking
Extemporaneous speaking is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a conversational manner using brief notes. By using notes rather than a full manuscript, the extemporaneous speaker can establish and maintain eye contact with the audience and assess how well they are understanding the speech as it progresses. The opportunity to assess is also an opportunity to restate more clearly any idea or concept that the audience seems to have trouble grasping.
For instance, suppose you are speaking about workplace safety and you use the term “sleep deprivation.” If you notice your audience’s eyes glazing over, this might not be a result of their own sleep deprivation, but rather an indication of their uncertainty about what you mean. If this happens, you can add a short explanation; for example, “sleep deprivation is sleep loss serious enough to threaten one’s cognition, hand-to-eye coordination, judgment, and emotional health.” You might also (or instead) provide a concrete example to illustrate the idea. Then you can resume your message, having clarified an important concept.
Speaking extemporaneously has some advantages. It promotes the likelihood that you, the speaker, will be perceived as knowledgeable and credible. In addition, your audience is likely to pay better attention to the message because it is engaging both verbally and nonverbally. The disadvantage of extemporaneous speaking is that it requires a great deal of preparation for both the verbal and the nonverbal components of the speech. Adequate preparation cannot be achieved the day before you’re scheduled to speak.
Because extemporaneous speaking is the style used in the great majority of public speaking situations, most of the information in this chapter is targeted to this kind of speaking.
Speaking from a Manuscript
Manuscript speaking is the word-for-word iteration of a written message. In a manuscript speech, the speaker maintains his or her attention on the printed page except when using visual aids.
The advantage to reading from a manuscript is the exact repetition of original words. As we mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, in some circumstances this can be extremely important. For example, reading a statement about your organization’s legal responsibilities to customers may require that the original words be exact. In reading one word at a time, in order, the only errors would typically be mispronunciation of a word or stumbling over complex sentence structure.
However, there are costs involved in manuscript speaking. First, it’s typically an uninteresting way to present. Unless the speaker has rehearsed the reading as a complete performance animated with vocal expression and gestures (as poets do in a poetry slam and actors do in a reader’s theater), the presentation tends to be dull. Keeping one’s eyes glued to the script precludes eye contact with the audience. For this kind of “straight” manuscript speech to hold audience attention, the audience must be already interested in the message before the delivery begins.
It is worth noting that professional speakers, actors, news reporters, and politicians often read from an autocue device, such as a TelePrompTer, especially when appearing on television, where eye contact with the camera is crucial. With practice, a speaker can achieve a conversational tone and give the impression of speaking extemporaneously while using an autocue device. However, success in this medium depends on two factors: (1) the speaker is already an accomplished public speaker who has learned to use a conversational tone while delivering a prepared script, and (2) the speech is written in a style that sounds conversational.
Speaking from Memory
Memorized speaking is the rote recitation of a written message that the speaker has committed to memory. Actors, of course, recite from memory whenever they perform from a script in a stage play, television program, or movie scene. When it comes to speeches, memorization can be useful when the message needs to be exact and the speaker doesn’t want to be confined by notes.
The advantage to memorization is that it enables the speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience throughout the speech. Being free of notes means that you can move freely around the stage and use your hands to make gestures. If your speech uses visual aids, this freedom is even more of an advantage. However, there are some real and potential costs. First, unless you also plan and memorize every vocal cue (the subtle but meaningful variations in speech delivery, which can include the use of pitch, tone, volume, and pace), gesture, and facial expression, your presentation will be flat and uninteresting, and even the most fascinating topic will suffer. You might end up speaking in a monotone or a sing-song repetitive delivery pattern. You might also present your speech in a rapid “machine-gun” style that fails to emphasize the most important points. Second, if you lose your place and start trying to ad lib, the contrast in your style of delivery will alert your audience that something is wrong. More frighteningly, if you go completely blank during the presentation, it will be extremely difficult to find your place and keep going.
Key Takeaways
- There are four main kinds of speech delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized.
- Impromptu speaking involves delivering a message on the spur of the moment, as when someone is asked to “say a few words.”
- Extemporaneous speaking consists of delivering a speech in a conversational fashion using notes. This is the style most speeches call for.
- Manuscript speaking consists of reading a fully scripted speech. It is useful when a message needs to be delivered in precise words.
- Memorized speaking consists of reciting a scripted speech from memory. Memorization allows the speaker to be free of notes.
- Find a short newspaper story. Read it out loud to a classroom partner. Then, using only one notecard, tell the classroom partner in your own words what the story said. Listen to your partner’s observations about the differences in your delivery.
- In a group of four or five students, ask each student to give a one-minute impromptu speech answering the question, “What is the most important personal quality for academic success?”
- Watch the evening news. Observe the differences between news anchors using a TelePrompTer and interviewees who are using no notes of any kind. What differences do you observe?
Stand up, Speak out Copyright © 2016 by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.
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There are four main types of speech delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized. Impromptu speeches are delivered with little preparation and depend on the speaker's ability to think on their feet. Extemporaneous speeches allow for some preparation through notes but not a full script.
Types of Speech According to Delivery. This document discusses the four main types of speeches based on delivery: extemporaneous, impromptu, manuscript, and memorized. It provides descriptions of each type along with examples of common speaking situations, potential advantages and disadvantages, and tips for delivering each type of speech ...
There are three main types of speeches according to purpose: informative speeches which aim to help the audience understand information, persuasive speeches which aim to convince the audience of a point of view, and entertainment speeches which aim to amuse the audience while delivering a message.
The document discusses four types of speeches according to delivery method: impromptu speaking which involves speaking without preparation; extemporaneous speaking which uses brief notes for a carefully planned speech; speaking from a manuscript which involves reading a speech word for word; and speaking from memory which involves memorizing ...
This document discusses the different types of speeches according to delivery method: manuscript speech, memorized speech, impromptu speech, and extemporaneous speech. Manuscript speeches involve reading a pre-written text word-for-word.
Types of Speeches According to Delivery - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site.
Types of Speech: According to Delivery. There are four basic methods of delivering a speech: 1. Reading verbatim from a manuscript. 2. Reciting a memorized text. 3. Speaking impromptu. 4. Speaking extemporaneously. 1. Manuscript speech is a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience.
Types of speech according to delivery. There are four main types of speech delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized. Impromptu speeches are delivered with little preparation and depend on the speaker's ability to think on their feet.
There are four main kinds of speech delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized. Impromptu speaking involves delivering a message on the spur of the moment, as when someone is asked to “say a few words.”
Memorized Speech Types of Speech According to Delivery Advantages: - involves committing your entire speech to memory. Like a manuscript speech, you can’t adapt to feedback from the audience. Exact repetition of the written words from a memory.