how to address a cover letter without a name example

6 Examples: How To Address a Cover Letter Without a Name

By Status.net Editorial Team on December 25, 2023 — 11 minutes to read

Addressing the recipient without knowing their name might seem complicated, but there are ways to navigate this situation. Let’s take a look at a few strategies to make your cover letter feel personalized even when you don’t have a specific name to address.

Be Professional and Engaging

Using general salutations like “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam” can make your cover letter feel impersonal. Instead, opt for a more engaging opener such as “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Dear [Company Name] Team.” This type of greeting acknowledges the company and shows that you have researched the team you are addressing.

Focus on the Position and Company

Make sure to tailor the content of your cover letter to the job you are applying for by highlighting relevant qualifications, experience, and skills. Share specific examples of your successes that align with the responsibilities of the position. Mention the company’s values, goals, or recent successes to demonstrate how your values align with theirs. This can effectively showcase your interest and commitment to the role.

Use LinkedIn and Company Website Research

If you cannot find the hiring manager’s name in the job posting, you can turn to LinkedIn or the company website for clues. Search for professionals working in human resources or hiring roles at the company. If you find a specific contact, address your letter to that person while using their full name and title. Otherwise, continue with a professional and engaging salutation as mentioned earlier.

Here are two examples of how to start a cover letter without a name:

Dear Hiring Manager, As a passionate marketer with five years of experience, I am excited to apply for the Marketing Manager position at (…) Company. Achieving a 30% increase in leads generated through my previous campaigns, I am eager to contribute to the growth of your marketing department.

Dear ABC Inc. Team, With a strong background in project management and a proven track record of implementing cost-saving strategies, I am confident in my ability to excel as the Senior Project Manager at ABC Inc. Your company’s commitment to sustainable practices aligns with my values and I am thrilled to be considered for this opportunity.

By applying these strategies, you can create an impactful and personalized cover letter, even without knowing the recipient’s name. This attention to detail can set you apart from other applicants and leave a positive impression with your prospective employer.

How to Find the Hiring Manager’s Name

Sometimes locating the hiring manager’s name can be tricky, but there are several ways to find it. Let’s go through a few methods to help you address your cover letter without a name.

Using LinkedIn

LinkedIn is a great resource for finding the hiring manager’s name. Here’s how you can use it:

• Visit the company’s LinkedIn page.
• Click on the “People” tab to browse through the employees.
• Use the search bar and enter keywords such as “recruiter,” “hiring manager,” or the department you’re applying to.
• Check the found profiles, and try to identify the right person responsible for hiring in your desired role.

Make sure to double-check that the person is currently working in the company to avoid using outdated information.

Checking Company Website

Another way to find the hiring manager’s name is by checking the company website:

• Locate the “About Us” or “Team” page, where you might find a list of employees along with their titles and roles.
• Look for a person who has a recruiting or hiring-related title within the department you’re targeting with your application.
• If you cannot find the necessary information on the website, try checking a company’s press releases or blog. Sometimes they include names of important team members.

Making a Phone Call

When all else fails, you’re left with one more option – making a phone call.

• Call the company’s main line and politely ask the receptionist for the name of the hiring manager or the person responsible for recruitment in the department you’re interested in.
• Be prepared to provide the job title and a job reference number (if available) to help the receptionist find the right person.

Finding the hiring manager’s name isn’t always possible. If you cannot locate it, don’t worry. Addressing your cover letter as “Dear Hiring Manager” or “To Whom It May Concern” is still better than not sending a cover letter at all.

How To Address a Cover Letter Without a Name: Sample Phrases

Starting with job title.

When you cannot find the recipient’s name, use their job title to address the cover letter. This shows that you can connect and direct your message to the relevant person. Here are some examples:

• Dear Hiring Manager, – This is a common and universally understood phrase for addressing a cover letter without a name.
• Dear [Job Title], – Use the specific job position that the recipient holds, for instance, Dear Marketing Director .
• To the [Job Title] Selection Committee, – This approach can be useful when applying for a role advertised by a team or committee that will handle the hiring process, such as To the Scholarship Selection Committee .

Referring to Department

Another approach is to address the cover letter to the department that the position is within. This helps to direct your message to the appropriate team or group. Here are some examples:

• Dear [Department] Team, – Mention the department you are applying for, such as Dear HR Team, or Dear Sales Team .
• Greetings, [Department] Department, – Use the department name to address the letter, like Greetings, IT Department .
• To Whom It May Concern in the [Department], – This is a formal alternative when you don’t know the recipient or department’s name, for example, To Whom It May Concern in the Finance Department .

Using these approaches will ensure that your cover letter appears professional and well-directed, even when you don’t have the exact name of the recipient. Focus on the content and the skills you bring to the position to make the best impression on the reader.

Crafting Content for Cover Letters

When you’re unsure of the recipient’s name, you might feel a little lost on how to address your cover letter. Don’t worry. You can still create an engaging and professional cover letter that gets the job done. Here are some tips and examples to help you craft the perfect content for an anonymous cover letter.

Start with a professional, yet friendly, greeting. If you don’t know the hiring manager’s name, use a general opening line such as “Dear Hiring Manager” or “To Whom It May Concern” . These greetings are widely accepted and show respect towards the person receiving the letter.

Next, dive into your strengths, skills, and achievements. Mention the qualifications that make you a strong candidate for the position. Share relevant accomplishments from your previous roles, such as leading a successful project or boosting sales. Be specific when describing your skills and use quantifiable results when possible. For example:

“During my time at Company (…), I managed a team of 10 and successfully increased sales by 25% within six months.”

Show enthusiasm for the job and demonstrate your knowledge of the company. Research the organization’s goals, values, and recent projects, then incorporate this information into your cover letter. This will help you tailor your letter to the company’s needs and show that you’d be a good fit for their culture. You could say something like:

“As a long-time admirer of your company’s commitment to sustainability, I’m excited about the opportunity to contribute to the upcoming eco-conscious product line.”

Close your cover letter with a strong call-to-action. Express your interest in further discussing your qualifications and offer your availability for an interview. Thank the hiring manager for considering your application and include your contact information. A sample closing paragraph could look like this:

“I’m eager to discuss how my expertise in digital marketing could contribute to the success of your team. Thank you for considering my application. You can reach me at (555) 555-5555 or [email protected] to schedule a conversation.”

Keep your cover letter concise and focused on your unique selling points. Even without knowing the recipient’s name, following these guidelines will allow you to create a memorable and attention-grabbing cover letter that leaves a lasting impression on potential employers.

Tips on Prefix Usage

When you’re addressing a cover letter without a specific name, it’s good to think about the appropriate prefix to use. Here are some tips to help you choose the right one:

First, consider using a general and gender-neutral prefix like Dear Hiring Manager . It will work well if you don’t know the recipient’s name or aren’t aware of their gender. This is a widely accepted way to address a cover letter without a specific name.

Dear Hiring Manager, I came across your job posting for a Graphic Designer, and I am excited to apply for the role.

If you happen to know the job title of the person who will read your cover letter, you can use it. This shows that you have put effort into researching the company and position.

Dear Marketing Director, I am writing to express my interest in the open Digital Marketing Specialist position at your company.

In some cases, you might know the name of the department that the job is in. In this case, you can address your cover letter to the entire department.

Dear Finance Team, I was thrilled to see an opening for a Financial Analyst at your company and would like to apply for the position.

When you’re unable to find any specific details or when addressing a larger company, you can opt for a broad salutation like To Whom It May Concern . Just be aware that it may come off as impersonal, so it’s best to use this as a last resort.

To Whom It May Concern, I am submitting my application for the Content Writer position posted on your careers website.

The key is to maintain a professional tone throughout your cover letter. Regardless of which prefix you choose, always customize your content to suit the specific job and company you’re applying to. By doing so, you demonstrate a genuine interest in the role and leave a positive impression on the hiring manager.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Sending a cover letter without addressing it to a specific person can be a pitfall. It might make the recipient feel unimportant or signal that you didn’t do your research. To make your application stand out, be mindful of these common mistakes:

• Not being specific about the role: Your cover letter should not only address the person but also the specific role you’re applying for. Tailor your letter according to the job and the company. For instance, instead of writing “I wish to apply for the marketing position”, be more specific like “I am interested in applying for the Digital Marketing Specialist role at [CompanyName].”
• Focusing too much on yourself: Although your achievements are important, the cover letter should focus on how your skills can benefit the company. Frame your accomplishments in a way that highlights the value you can bring to the organization.
• Being overly formal or stiff: While it’s important to maintain a professional tone, being too formal might come across as insincere or impersonal. Use a friendly tone and avoid jargon or buzzwords to keep your cover letter genuine and relatable.
• Spelling errors and typos: Even the smallest of typos can create a negative impression. Double-check your cover letter to make sure there are no mistakes. Keep an eye out for incorrect spellings, especially when addressing the recipient.

The goal of your cover letter is to make a personal connection and showcase how you are a great fit for the company. Taking the time to address your letter properly, proofread for errors, and customize your content demonstrates your attention to detail and commitment to the position.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can i properly address a cover letter when the recipient’s name is unknown.

If you don’t know the recipient’s name, consider using a general salutation instead. For example, “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Dear Recruitment Team” acknowledges the recipient without using a specific name. You can also research the company’s website or LinkedIn to try to find the appropriate contact person.

What alternatives are there to ‘To Whom It May Concern’?

There are several alternatives to ‘To Whom It May Concern’ that can help make your cover letter stand out:

• Dear Hiring Manager
• Dear [Company] Team
• Dear [Department or Job Title] Hiring Team
• Dear [Company] Recruitment Team

How do I determine the appropriate salutation for my cover letter?

To determine the right salutation for your cover letter, do a bit of research on the company or organization you’re targeting. This may help you uncover the specific department or hiring manager’s name. If not, use one of the general salutations mentioned earlier to address your cover letter in a more personalized manner.

What are examples of cover letter openings without using names?

Here are some examples of cover letter openings without using specific names:

• “Dear Hiring Manager, I am excited to submit my application for the [Job Title] position at [Company].”
• “Dear [Department or Job Title] Hiring Team, As a passionate professional with experience in [Industry], I am eager to contribute to [Company] as a [Job Title].”
• “Dear [Company] Team, I recently came across the [Job Title] opening at [Company], and I am confident that my skills and experience make me a strong candidate.”

How can I avoid common mistakes when addressing cover letters without names?

To avoid mistakes when addressing cover letters without names, follow these tips:

• Do thorough research on the company and the job posting
• Be concise and professional in your language
• Use an appropriate general salutation if you can’t find a specific name
• Double-check for spelling and grammatical errors before sending the cover letter
• Avoid using outdated or overused phrases, such as ‘To Whom It May Concern’ or ‘Dear Sir/Madam’

By following these guidelines, you can create a strong and effective cover letter that stands out to hiring managers, even if you don’t have a specific name to address.

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How to address a cover letter without a name?

According to a study, every corporate job opening gets roughly 250 resumes , out of which only 3-4 applicants land an interview.

That means if your cover letter feels generic and lacks personal touch, it may end up in the trash.

However, what if there is a circumstance for addressing a cover letter with no name?

Read on to get an insight into the following FAQs:

• How do you write a cover letter if you don't know the hiring manager?
• How to format the cover letter address correctly?
• Who to write a cover letter to without a contact?
• Which method of delivering a cover letter is not appropriate?
• What are the practical ways to find the hiring manager’s name?
• Additional tips to write a cover letter without name

Whom to Address a Cover Letter To?

Who do you address a cover letter to when there is no name?

To understand how to address a cover letter, you need to know to whom to address it.

A cover letter should be addressed in the following ways:

• If the hiring manager’s name is given in the job description, you should always address the cover letter to them.
• If the hiring manager’s email address is not there in the job description, you can address the cover letter to the department manager.

There is no point in sending the cover letter to the CEO or founders because they are not the ones who usually handle the recruitment process.

Also Read: How to address a cover letter?

How to Address a Cover Letter Without a Name?

A cover letter for a job is not similar to a letter to a friend.

The purpose of a cover is to impress the hiring manager with your professional expertise to score an interview.

But addressing cover letters with no name may get rejected by the recruiters.

We understand how important it is to know how to write a cover letter without a name as per these statistics.

Also Read: How to write a cover letter?

Here are some steps on how to address a cover letter without a name:

1. Address the Cover Letter with “Dear Hiring Manager”

It is the most common way to address a hiring manager with no name and hiring managers prefer this salutation over no salutation at all.

This salutation allows the hiring manager to quickly focus on the main body of the cover letter, instead of rejecting the cover letter right away.

However, the best way to address a cover letter is by personalizing it.

2. Address the Cover Letter to the Team

When in doubt, you can address the whole team so that anyone from the team can receive your cover letter and respond accordingly.

It can be the hiring manager, assistant, or anyone from the department who may interview you during the job application process.

You can phrase it as:

• Dear Recruiting Team
• Dear Project Manager Hiring Team

Also Read: What can a cover letter explain that a résumé cannot?

3. Maintain Professional Approach

Maintain a professional approach and avoid informal phrases or words such as "Hello!", "Good Evening/Morning", or "Hi!"

Keep it simple and professional by using the term, "Dear" followed by the designation.

For Example:

• Dear Hiring Head
• Dear Recruitment Supervisor

4. Do Not Assume Gender or Marital Status

You often know the hiring manager’s name but do not know their gender or marital status.

Assuming someone's gender may seem disrespectful and unprofessional hence you should avoid making such mistakes by keeping it gender-neutral. Avoid the term "Sir" or "Madam" and simply address the recipient as "Dear (Profile)".

The best way to find the hiring manager’s gender is by doing a quick LinkedIn search.

The LinkedIn profile may contain a profile picture wherein you can determine the hiring manager’s gender.

If the hiring manager’s gender is Male, address the hiring manager with “Mr.”.

• “Mr. Xavier,”

If the hiring manager is female, it can be confusing.

As you don’t know the marital status, avoid using Miss. or Mrs. to address the hiring manager. Instead, use a generic “Ms..”

• Dear Ms. Moore
• Dear Ms. Kyle
• Dear Mrs. Lane
• Dear Miss Maximoff

Also Read: How to reach out to recruiters on LinkedIn?

5. Include Job Profile and Professional Titles

Are you asking yourself continuously, “How to address a cover letter without a contact name?”

Here is the answer for you.

Instead of using only “ Dear Hiring Manager ,” include the department name or the title of the person who will be reading the cover letter to make it more specific.

• Dear Marketing Department,
• Dear Head of the Sales Department,
• Dear VP of Marketing

By personalizing the addresses in this way, you can grab the hiring manager’s attention to read your resume.

This shows that you are not throwing a rock blindly. You have done your research and have some idea about the company.

Don’t forget to include the hiring manager’s academic title or professional title in the cover letter address.

These types of hyper-personalization can grab the hiring manager’s attention even more and entice them to read your cover letter.

How to Write the Academic Title in the Cover Letter Address?

You can write the academic title in full form.

• Dear Doctor Green,
• Dear Professor Geller,

Alternatively, you can use the abbreviation of the titles as well.

• Dear Dr. Murphy,
• Dear Prof. Goodwin,
• Dear Sgt. Moore,
• Dear Principle Alan,

Where to Place the Cover Letter Address?

Not just the proper format, but the placement of the cover letter address also plays an important role.

• The cover letter heading will go at the top.
• Write the date below the heading.
• Leave one line space and write the hiring manager’s name.
• Write the address of the company.
• Leave one space and then write the position you are applying for.
• Leave one space and then write the salutation.

Best Way to Address a Cover Letter with No Name or Email

Writing an email cover letter address is fundamentally similar but with some tweaks.

If you are sending a digital cover letter, you need to start with a professional subject line.

John Doe: Application for Video Editor Position, Reff: Anthony Moore

Then add your cover letter salutation based on the same rule.

Add a line space and then start your cover letter by adding the necessary information that gives an insight into your professional experience and skills.

Subject Line: John Doe: Application for Project Manager Position, Reff: Charles Moore

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am a 5+ years experienced project management professional…

Appropriate Method of Delivering a Cover Letter

• Dear Hiring Manager
• Dear Hiring Committee
• Dear (department name) Hiring Committee
• Dear Hiring Team
• To the (department name) Hiring Manager
• Dear Team (For smaller companies)
• To the Recruiting Team

Also Read: What are the benefits of using a cover letter builder?

Inappropriate Method of Delivering a Cover Letter

• Dear Sir or Madam — Ancient salutation does not work anymore
• To Whom It May Concern — It is not personalized
• Hello, Hi, or Greetings — Informal salutation
• Happy Sunday! — Casual salutation
• Good Morning — Not practical as you have no idea when they will read the letter

Also Read: How to draft a professional message to the hiring manager?

How to Find the Hiring Manager's Name?

How do you write a cover letter if you don't know the name?

Well, you can simply address your cover letter as, "Dear Hiring Manager". But if you feel the need to add the name of the hiring manager then there are ways to do so.

Finding the hiring manager’s name is the best way to address a cover letter.

So, before calling it quits, let us look at some ways to find the hiring manager’s name.

Read the Job Description Thoroughly

Always read the job description carefully!

Usually, the hiring manager’s name or the title of the reporting manager is given in the job description or under the job description.

For instance, “ The digital marketer will report to the Marketing Manager. ”

You can use the title to then find their name on the company website or LinkedIn.

Sometimes the job description includes the hiring manager’s email address.

For Example: “ Send your cover letter and resume to johndoe@hiration[dot]com" .

You can find the hiring manager’s name in the email address.

Visit the Profile of the Job Publisher

Sites like LinkedIn or AngelList have this unique feature to show you the name of the one who posts the job.

You can go to their profile to see if they are the hiring manager and include their name in the cover letter.

Call the Company Front Desk

Calling the company is the easiest way to find the hiring manager's name. But, job candidates reserve it as the last option.

• Call the company desk
• Tell them that you are applying for a “vacant position” in their company and would like to know the hiring manager’s name.

Here’s an example of the script:

“ Hi, my name is Alex, and I’m currently applying for the video editor position in your company. Would it be possible for you to provide me the name and email id of the hiring manager so that I can address the cover letter properly?”

Do a Quick LinkedIn Search

According to a study, 87% of recruiters use LinkedIn regularly . That means, if you search for the hiring manager of a certain company on LinkedIn, there is a high chance for you to find their name.

Many job descriptions specifically tell the reporting manager’s title in the job description. Then you need to address the cover letter to the reporting manager.

The process of finding the reporting manager’s name is similar.

• Go to LinkedIn
• Search the job title and company name
• In the search result, you can find the profile of the designated person
• Sometimes, there might be more than one similar position for a big company so you need to narrow your search by location to find the reporting manager

Also Read : How to Make the Best Use of LinkedIn Search Feature?

Network with People

LinkedIn is the best way to find and connect with people who have connections in the company you are applying for. If you can create a good rapport with these professionals, you can ask for a reference.

It is an easy but time-consuming process.

• Search the company name and see the professionals active on LinkedIn
• Start engaging with their content and leave thoughtful comments
• Send them a personalized connection invite after engaging with their content for a couple of days
• Do not ask for a reference abruptly; instead, start building a rapport with them by sharing helpful industry information, blog, article links, videos, etc.
• If possible, move the connection offline and meet in person
• After you develop a good rapport with the professionals, you can ask for a reference or introduce yourself to the hiring manager

Also Read : How to Connect with People on LinkedIn?

Tips for Addressing a Cover Letter with No Name

Always use a formal address in the cover letter.

Whether you know the hiring manager’s name or not, always keep the address formal in the cover letter. Even if the company has an informal culture, do not use any casual address unless you are a part of the organization.

• Dear Ms. Lane,
• Dear Prof. Luther,
• Dear Ms. Ann,
• Hello Maya,
• Greetings Max,

Avoid Using “To Whom It May Concern”

This salutation is too generic and does not address anyone at all; however, according to a survey, 17% of hiring managers prefer this salutation over others .

But the problem is 83% of hiring managers don’t prefer it.

So we suggest that you avoid it altogether.

Avoid Addressing the Cover Letter to the Recruiters

A recruiter’s job is to sort the resumes based on skills and experience and pass them to the hiring managers. They don’t generally read the cover letter.

So, it’s a waste of opportunity if you address the cover letter to the recruiter.

Instead, always address the cover letter to the hiring manager.

Ensure That You Are Addressing the Cover Letter to the Right Person

Online information is not updated regularly. Often, the concerned persons leave the job, but their email id is still there on the website.

So, who to address cover letter to if unknown? Or you are unsure? It is best to acresully research the hiring manager’s name and crosscheck if you have any doubts by calling the company directly.

Do Not Mess up the Hiring Manager’s Name

There is a saying that “The first impression is the last impression.”

Try to make an excellent first impression by writing the hiring manager’s name using the correct spelling.

Don’t Stress Too Much

If you have the relevant skills and experience for a job, addressing a cover letter to the wrong person might not be a big deal. So, if you can’t find the hiring manager’s name and wondering how to address a cover letter without a name, just write “Dear Hiring Manager.”

Make Sure the Cover Letter is Short and Easy to Read

You should not make the cover letter more than 400-500 words long. It will make it difficult to read.

A short and crisp cover letter will intrigue the hiring managers as compared to a long one.

Also Read: How long should a cover letter be?

Cover Letter Without Name Sample

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• Option to save unlimited cover letters
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• LIVE cover letter editor

FAQs on "How to Address a Cover Letter Without Name?"

With that, we have answered all of your questions on “how to address a cover letter without a name?”.

Addressing a cover letter to an unknown person should not be difficult if you can keep some points in mind regrading how to go about in this situation. Here are a few FAQs that will help you gain a quick recap:

Q. How to address a cover letter to an unknown person?

A. In cases where you are wondering how to address a cover letter without name, you can opt for "Dear Hiring Manager," or "Dear {Company Name} Recruiting Team,".

Q. Who to address cover letter to with no contact?

A. When addressing a cover letter without a specific contact, it's best to use a generic but professional greeting such as "Dear {Company Name} Recruiting Team" or "Dear Hiring Team." This shows that you have taken the time to tailor your application to the company while acknowledging that you don't have a specific contact person.

Hiration provides you with a personalized 360-degree ChatGPT-powered career service platform for all your professional needs - from building a shortlist-worthy resume and cover letter to optimizing your LinkedIn profile, preparing for interviews, and more!

For any queries or concerns, feel free to drop a mail at support{@}hiration.com

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20 Examples Of How To Address a Cover Letter to an Unknown Recipient

Introduction.

Imagine sending out dozens of job applications, only to realize that you've been addressing your cover letters incorrectly. As it turns out, addressing a cover letter to an unknown recipient can be a tricky task. In this comprehensive guide, we'll provide strategies for finding the right name, using job titles as an alternative, formatting the letter, avoiding common mistakes, leveraging professional networking, and understanding the importance of personalization. By following our advice, you can increase your chances of landing that job interview and making a great first impression.

Finding the Right Name

Before you give up on finding the recipient's name, consider these research strategies:

Check the job post for a specific name. Sometimes, the name of the hiring manager or contact person is listed in the job posting. Read the post carefully to see if a name is mentioned.

Search the company website for a company directory or listing of key personnel. Many organizations have a "Meet Our Team" or "About Us" section that introduces their staff members. Look for someone with a relevant title, such as "Hiring Manager" or "Human Resources Director."

Call the company directly and ask for the appropriate contact person. If you're unable to find the name online, consider calling the company and asking for the name of the person responsible for hiring for the position you're applying for. This approach can be particularly effective for smaller organizations.

Utilize professional networking platforms like LinkedIn to find the recipient. LinkedIn is a powerful tool for job seekers. Try searching for employees at the company with relevant titles, then check their profiles for clues about their role in the hiring process. You can learn more about how to find the name of the hiring manager using LinkedIn in this helpful article.

Personalize your cover letter. Addressing your cover letter to a specific individual shows that you've done your homework and are genuinely interested in the position. This extra effort can make a big difference in how your application is perceived by the recipient.

Using a Job Title

If you're unable to find the recipient's name, consider using a job title or department head as an alternative:

Address the letter to the job title of the reader. For example, you might write "Dear Hiring Manager" or "Dear Human Resources Director." This approach is more specific and professional than using a generic greeting like "To Whom It May Concern."

Consider addressing the letter to the head of the department where you're applying to work. If you know the department your job falls under, try addressing your cover letter to the department head, such as "Dear Marketing Director" or "Dear IT Manager."

Explain why using a job title or department head can still demonstrate professionalism and personalization. Although it's not as ideal as using a specific name, addressing your letter to a relevant job title shows that you've put some thought into your application and have a clear understanding of the company's structure.

Provide examples of different job titles to use as salutations. You can find a list of different job titles to use as salutations in this resource.

Discuss the potential impact of using job titles on the success of the job application. While using a job title may not guarantee success, it can increase your chances of making a favorable impression. A personalized salutation indicates that you're genuinely interested in the position and have taken the time to research the company.

Formatting the Letter

When addressing a cover letter to an unknown recipient, follow these formatting tips:

Always use "Dear" to start the address. This is a professional and respectful way to begin a cover letter.

Use a gender-neutral title (such as Ms.) if the recipient's gender is unknown. If you're unsure of the recipient's gender, it's better to use a neutral title like "Ms." rather than making assumptions.

For non-gender-specific names, use the recipient's full name. If you can't determine the recipient's gender based on their name, address the letter using their full name, such as "Dear Taylor Smith."

Maintain a professional tone even when the name is unknown. Even if you don't know the recipient's name, it's crucial to keep your language and tone professional throughout your cover letter.

Provide examples of well-formatted cover letter salutations.

While it's always best to try and find the name of the hiring manager or recruiter, there may be times when you just can't find that information. Don't let it deter you. Below are 20 examples of how you can address your cover letter when the recipient is unknown:

1. Dear Hiring Manager, 2. To the Recruitment Team, 3. Dear Human Resources Team, 4. Attention Hiring Committee, 5. Dear [Job Title] Hiring Team, 6. To the [Company Name] Team, 7. Dear [Company Name] Recruiter, 8. To Whom It May Concern, 9. Dear Hiring Authority, 10. Attention [Company Name] Hiring Professionals, 11. Dear Talent Acquisition Team, 12. Hello [Company Name] Selection Panel, 13. Dear Recruitment Advisor, 14. To the [Industry] Professionals at [Company Name], 15. Attention [Company Name] Talent Scouts, 16. Dear Hiring Advocate, 17. To the Selection Committee for [Job Title], 18. Dear [Company Name] Staffing Team, 19. Attention [Job Title] Recruitment Panel, 20. Dear [Company Name] Hiring Panel,

Remember, the goal is to be as respectful and professional as possible in your salutation. Even if you don't know the recipient's name, demonstrating courtesy in your greeting will set a positive tone for the rest of your cover letter.

Also, avoid overly casual greetings like 'Hello' or 'Hi there,' which might seem unprofessional, and stay clear of outdated phrases such as 'Dear Sir or Madam.' Instead, opt for more modern, inclusive alternatives. Be sure to follow your greeting with a comma or a colon, then leave a space before starting the body of your letter.

Avoiding Common Mistakes

When addressing a cover letter to an unknown recipient, it's essential to avoid these common mistakes:

Using generic greetings like "To Whom It May Concern." This phrase is outdated and impersonal, and using it can make your application seem generic and unprofessional. Instead, try to find a specific name or use a job title, as discussed in previous sections.

Using incorrect titles or making assumptions about the recipient's gender. Making assumptions about someone's gender or using an inappropriate title can potentially offend the recipient and hurt your chances of landing an interview. Stick to gender-neutral titles or use the recipient's full name when in doubt.

Addressing the letter to the wrong department or job title. Be sure to double-check that you're addressing your letter to the appropriate person or department. Sending your application to the wrong person can result in your application being overlooked or discarded.

Failing to proofread the cover letter for errors, even in the salutation. Typos and other errors can make a poor impression on the recipient. Be sure to proofread your entire cover letter, including the salutation, before submitting it.

Provide examples of mistakes that could hurt the applicant's chances of landing an interview. Some examples of common errors include misspelling the recipient's name, using an informal greeting (such as "Hey"), or addressing the letter to an unrelated department (e.g., "Dear Accounting Manager" when applying for a marketing position).

Utilizing Professional Networking

Leveraging your professional network can be an effective way to find the name of the recipient for your cover letter:

Use platforms like LinkedIn to research the company and its employees. As mentioned earlier, LinkedIn is a valuable resource for job seekers. You can use the platform to find employees with relevant titles, learn more about the company culture, and even discover mutual connections who might be able to provide an introduction or additional information.

Connect with current employees or alumni of the company. Networking with people who work at the company or have worked there in the past can give you valuable insights into the hiring process and help you identify the appropriate contact person for your cover letter.

Search for the appropriate contact person within your professional network. Use your connections to find people who work at the company you're applying to, and ask if they know who the hiring manager for your desired position is.

Networking can help job seekers get noticed by potential employers. Building relationships with people at the company can increase your chances of getting noticed and potentially even lead to a referral. Learn more about how networking can help job seekers get noticed by potential employers in this article.

Offer examples of successful job seekers who found the recipient's name through networking. For instance, this cover letter that landed a job seeker a role at LinkedIn is a great example of how personalizing your cover letter and leveraging your network can help you stand out.

Importance of Personalization

Personalizing your cover letter can make a significant difference in the success of your job application:

Discuss the impact of personalization on the reader's impression of the applicant. A personalized cover letter demonstrates that you've done your research and are genuinely interested in the position, which can make a positive impression on the recipient.

Provide statistics on the success rate of personalized cover letters compared to generic ones. According to resume statistics , candidates with typos in their cover letters or resumes are 58% more likely to be dismissed, while those who do not include specific employment dates are 27% more likely to be dismissed.

Offer expert opinions on the importance of addressing cover letters to specific individuals. Many career experts agree that addressing cover letters to specific individuals can increase your chances of landing an interview.

Explain how personalization demonstrates research skills and genuine interest in the company. Taking the time to research the recipient and tailor your cover letter to the specific position and company shows that you're not only a thorough and detail-oriented candidate, but also genuinely interested in the opportunity.

Share anecdotes of successful job seekers who personalized their cover letters and landed interviews. For example, one job seeker found the recipient's name through LinkedIn and personalized his cover letter , which helped him land an interview and ultimately secure the position.

Conclusion and Final Thoughts

In summary, addressing a cover letter to an unknown recipient can be challenging, but by following our tips and strategies, you can make a strong impression on potential employers. Remember to:

• Research the recipient's name or use a relevant job title.
• Personalize your cover letter to demonstrate genuine interest in the position.
• Maintain a professional tone and formatting throughout your cover letter.
• Avoid common mistakes that can hurt your chances of landing an interview.
• Leverage your professional network to find the appropriate contact person.

By applying these tips to your job search, you'll increase your chances of success and make a lasting impression on potential employers. Good luck with your job applications!

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How to Address a Cover Letter Without a Name? Use These 5 Salutations

• Klara Cervenanska , 
• Updated February 23, 2024 6 min read

Struggling with how to address a cover letter without a name ? It's a common challenge that can make even the most confident job seekers pause.

Ideally, you want to personalize your cover letter salutation to show you've done your homework.

But what do you do when that information isn't readily available?

If this sounds familiar, you’re in the right place. Whether the job ad skipped the contact details or your online searches came up empty, we've got your back.

This article will show you:

• 5 different ways how to address a cover letter without a name

How NOT to address a cover letter without a name

• Strategies to find the hiring manager's name 
• Cover letter examples 

Table of Contents

Click on a section to skip

• How to find the hiring manager's name?

How to address a cover letter without a name? Use these 5 salutations

Tips for addressing a cover letter with no name, where to place the cover letter address, key takeaways: how to address a cover letter without a name, how to find the hiring manager's name.

It's not a deal-breaker to address your cover letter without a specific name. 

However, addressing it to a specific person and including a name can add a personal touch that sets your application apart.  

If you've hit a wall in your search for a name, don't give up just yet. 

Try these five strategies to uncover the name of the hiring manager:

• Check the job posting again. Sometimes the answer is hidden in plain sight. The bottom of the job listing might include instructions like "Email your resume to [email protected]," which not only gives you the hiring manager's email but also their name. 
• Use LinkedIn. Search the company's page and browse through employee profiles. Look for individuals with titles that might indicate they're in charge of hiring, such as "Talent Acquisition Manager" or heads of the department you're applying to. 
• Search the company website. Most organizations have an 'About Us' or 'Team' page where they list their staff members and their roles. Here, you can often find clues about who might be the hiring manager or at least get the names of potential contacts in the right department.
• Try networking. Reach out to your existing network to see if anyone has connections within the company. Sometimes, a mutual contact can provide you with the name you need.
• Call the company. It might seem a bit old-fashioned, but it's a direct approach that can yield results. A polite phone call inquiring about who is managing the hiring for the position you're interested in can sometimes get you the information you need. 

Starting your cover letter with the hiring manager's name is the best way to go. It shows you've looked into the company and are serious about the job.

But, if you've tried and still can't find a name, don't worry. 

Here are some ways to address your cover letter when you don't know who will read it:

• Dear Hiring Manager. This straightforward approach is professional and widely accepted. It shows respect for the person reviewing your application.
• Dear [Department] Team. Mentioning the department, like "Dear Marketing Team," shows you know where you want to be and who you're talking to.
• Dear Recruiter. Use this if you're applying through a recruiter or if the job ad was posted by HR. It shows you understand the process.
• Dear Director of [Department]. If you know the department but not the name, this shows you've thought about where you fit in the company.
• Dear Talent Acquisition Team. Perfect for when your application will be reviewed by several people. It shows you understand the process.

These ways help you start your cover letter professionally, even when you can’t find a specific name. They show respect and that you're thoughtful about your application.

When crafting your cover letter, it's just as important to know how NOT to address it. 

Steering clear of certain greetings can help maintain the professional tone of your application. 

Here are some salutations to avoid :

• To Whom It May Concern. This is overly impersonal and outdated.
• Dear Sir/Madam. This comes across as old-fashioned and can be seen as gender presumptive.
• Hey There. Far too casual for a professional document.
• Hello. While friendly, it lacks the formality a cover letter requires.
• Hi [Company Name]. This is too informal and doesn't address any individual or specific role.

Crafting a cover letter without a specific recipient's name doesn't mean you can skimp on professionalism. 

Here's how to ensure your cover letter makes a great impression, even when you're not sure who will read it:

• Stick to formal greetings. Use "Dear Hiring Manager" to start off on the right foot. It’s respectful and works every time. Yes, even if the company culture is really laid back.
• Avoid addressing recruiters. Directly addressing recruiters is generally not advised, unless you have been in contact with one specifically for this role. In such cases, using their name can add a personal touch.
• Target the right department/person. Make every effort to verify you're targeting the right person or department within the company. Otherwise, it can redirect your application to the wrong hands.
• Spell-check the name. Found a name? Double-check the spelling. Getting it wrong can look bad.
• How to Write a Cover Letter with No Experience
• 7 Great Cover Letter Openings
• 8 Great Cover Letter Endings
• The Only Cover Letter Guide You’ll Need in 2024

And what about a resume?

Create a beautiful resume in seconds with the help of AI and our customizable templates.

When setting up your cover letter, start with your name centered at the top. It looks neat and professional. Right below your name, put the company’s address on the left side and your address on the right. This way, both addresses are easy to spot.

Next, add the date below your address. It shows when you sent the letter.

Right under the date, write your greeting, like “Dear Hiring Manager.” This is where your actual letter begins.

We’ve got a sample below to show you how it should look. It’s made with Kickresume's cover letter builder . This tool is great because it gives you a template that’s easy to fill out. It makes sure your cover letter looks good without much effort.

Cover Letter Structure Example

This cover letter sample was provided by a real person who got hired with Kickresume’s help.

In wrapping up, let’s quickly recap the 5 best salutations to use for addressing your cover letter when the name is unknown:

• Dear Hiring Manager
• Dear [Department] Team
• Dear Recruiter
• Dear Director of [Department]
• Dear Talent Acquisition Team

But remember, the strength of your cover letter lies in its content .

A well-crafted letter that speaks directly to the job description and showcases your skills can make a significant difference. Personalizing your cover letter as much as possible helps you stand out from the crowd.

For those struggling with writer's block, Kickresume's AI resume builder is an invaluable tool. It can help you write the first draft of your cover letter based on your job title and job description , making personalization easier and more effective.

Klara graduated from the University of St Andrews in Scotland. After having written resumes for many of her fellow students, she began writing full-time for Kickresume. Klara is our go-to person for all things related to student or 'no experience resumes'. At the same time, she has written some of the most popular resume advice articles on this blog. Her pieces were featured in multiple CNBC articles. When she's not writing, you'll probably find her chasing dogs or people-watching while sipping on a cup of coffee.

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How to Address a Cover Letter without a Name: 2024 Guide

• Properly Addressing Your Cover Letter
• Effective Strategies
• What To Avoid
• Real-World Examples
• Cover Letter Without a Name FAQs

When it comes to job listings, sometimes the name of the hiring manager is mentioned and sometimes it isn’t. It’s completely hit-and-miss.

Despite the unpredictable nature of the whole job application process, we, as applicants, risk losing some crucial brownie points if we don’t address our cover letters perfectly. It feels a little unfair, don’t you think?

But there’s no need to despair. There are both ways to find out that pesky name, and ways to work around it if the search fails. In this article, we’ll show you exactly why names are important, how to find them, and what to do if you can’t find one. We’ll help make sure that your letter stands out—even if you did sneakily use a cover letter generator !

Understanding the Importance of Properly Addressing Your Cover Letter

First things first, let’s look into why addressing your cover letter correctly is so important in the first place. No one is going to jump through hoops to find a name if they don’t really believe it’s necessary, after all.

Why address matters in cover letters

Job applications are all about being polite and professional, and a big part of that is treating people with respect . The ideal way to do this is to know who you’re talking to and address them appropriately—which means you need to know their name and what they do.

Going the extra mile and addressing the right person is the professional thing to do, and hey, that’s a good first impression to make on your future employer!

Impact of a personalized greeting vs. generic salutations

Aside from showing respect, addressing cover letters correctly is also a great way to signal that you’re a promising candidate who’s put in extra effort. That’s because, for one thing, you clearly haven’t sent out a one-size-fits-all cover letter that’s always the same no matter who you send it to.

Secondly, unless the name is right on the job listing, the reader knows you went out of your way to find it. As you can imagine, that’s far more impactful than just reading “Dear hiring manager.”

At best, that generic greeting doesn’t have any effect at all, and at worst, the recipient might be disappointed that you didn’t do your research—and that’s just a hop and a skip away from the “rejected” pile.

Consequences of improper addressing

In fact, that’s not quite the worst-case scenario. The absolute worst case would be if the name was right there on the job listing, but you still addressed the letter to the “hiring manager.” This would leave the reader thinking that you didn’t read the job description properly and you didn’t write the letter for this specific job.

There are a few other mistakes you could also make, like assuming gender or marital status. If you do find a name, only include the information you find. Some names are unisex or used in different ways in different places, so it’s best to only go by what you know for a fact.

If these mishaps ever happen to you—don’t worry. That’s why you’re here, making sure that they never happen again, and we’re here to help.

Effective Strategies for Addressing Cover Letters without a Name

Before we get into techniques on how to find names, let’s touch on what to do in the case that you can’t find anything whatsoever.

Starting with a generic but professional greeting

Using “hiring manager” isn’t all bad. It’s true that it’s not as good as a name, and there are a lot of other options you should try and find before falling back on it, but if you truly can’t find anything more appropriate, “hiring team,” or “hiring manager” is the way to go.

It doesn’t assume anything about the person, and even if their job title isn’t literally “hiring manager,” it’s still true that they’re managing the hiring for this role, so it’s an appropriate catch-all title for the person you’re writing to.

Although we say it’s okay to do, still treat this as an absolute last resort. Including the name gives your cover letter a major boost!

Research techniques to find the hiring manager’s name

While you can feel free to write “hiring manager” as a placeholder while drafting your letter, never send it without trying to find a better name first. There are a few different places you can look and techniques you can try to find more information but the best place to start is always the job description itself.

Utilizing the job description for clues

Always give the job description a thorough read to check for relevant information. If you’re applying on a company portal or submission interface, there may be information about the hiring team ready for you to browse.

The company website

If the job description doesn’t offer anything useful, the next place to try is the company website. Search the site for links and pages that say “Our Team” or something similar because this is where you’ll find a list of current employees. This is most common for startups, small businesses, and local law firms.

If you don’t have any luck here, then head to the careers page.

Next, you can search LinkedIn to see if you can find the person you’re looking for. Type “(company name) hiring manager” into the search and filter the results by “People” and “Current Company.” If you’re lucky, this will bring up the exact person you’re looking for!

If not, then you can try searching through the company’s employees manually.

Calling the company

If you don’t find what you’re looking for on LinkedIn, or you end up with multiple options and you’re not sure which to go for—it’s time to try calling the company.

When you call, explain the situation and specify the role you’re applying to. With smaller companies, the person answering the phone might know the answer right away. At a larger company, they might check a few things to see who’s in charge of hiring for the team or department you’re applying to.

When to use departmental or team addresses

There is a chance that, even if you call the company, it won’t be able to give you the exact name you need. In this case, asking for information about the team or department is the next best thing to do.

When companies are searching for a new member for a particular team, it’s very common for the existing team members to get a say in the decision. They might be part of the interview process later on, and they’ll likely see your resume and cover letter beforehand. This makes a greeting like “Dear scripting team” or “Dear editorial team” much more specific and appropriate than just “Dear hiring manager.”

The role of networking in identifying the recipient

When you’re searching on LinkedIn, even if you don’t find the hiring manager, you will likely come across people with job titles that are related to the role you’re applying for. If calling the company front desk doesn’t go well, circle back to LinkedIn and try networking with one of these individuals.

When you ask to connect with someone on LinkedIn, you can include a message about why you want to connect. Explain that you’re applying to work on their team or in their department and that you’re trying to find out who to address your cover letter to. With a bit of luck, you’ll get a useful answer.

Networking is all about give-and-take, so professionals know that doing little favors like this for people is what helps networks grow and provide value in the future. In other words, don’t be afraid to bother people! If they really don’t want to reply, then they won’t.

Addressing a cover letter to a committee or board

As you research the company you’re applying to, you might find that terms like “hiring manager” or “hiring team” don’t feel that relevant. Maybe you’re applying to a charitable organization rather than a company, for example, or maybe you’re applying to a management role in a startup. You won’t be talking to any hiring manager in those situations.

Instead, you might find that “Dear selection committee” or “Dear board of directors” might be a better way to address your cover letter. You’ll need to rely on your own intuition and research to make this decision, but it’s not something you need to worry about most of the time.

What to Avoid When You Don’t Know the Name

As we’ve pointed out, not knowing the name doesn’t have to be the end of the world. However, there are some mistakes you need to avoid if you want to make sure you’re not losing any points.

Common mistakes in addressing cover letters

The first thing you should avoid is going too generic. In other words, definitely do not address your letter like this:

• “Dear Sir or Madam”

No matter how unlucky you are in your search to find a name, you will definitely find something better than this. Avoid it at all costs!

The other points to be careful of are gender and titles. For instance, if you’re applying to an engineering role and you don’t have a name, you might think about addressing it to a senior role within the department.

But if you choose “Dear Principal Engineer for the R&D department” and the person who reads it is only a staff engineer—well, that might be a bit awkward.

Assumptions about gender are best left alone, too. Always keep things gender-neutral unless you have the LinkedIn profile of your recipient right in front of you and it tells you their title or pronouns.

Why “To whom it may concern” can hurt your chances

You can still find “To whom it may concern” being used in certain situations today, but those situations always have one thing in common: there’s no reasonable way for you to know who the recipient is.

Cover letters, however, are different. You know where you’re applying to, and as there are likely other applicants who are vying for those same dream jobs as you are, most companies don’t appreciate generic statements.

Using “To whom it may concern” hurts your chances precisely because it’s generic.

The pitfalls of skipping the salutation

If you’re having problems finding a name, you might wonder if you can just skip the salutation altogether. The main reason we don’t recommend this is, well, is it really even a letter if you don’t address it to anyone?

It throws off the tone of the entire piece and makes it look like you’re purposefully omitting the usual professional formalities. It also makes your “letter” look very one-sided—you just start talking about yourself without even acknowledging the reader.

Indeed, things can get a bit messy if you try to leave out the greeting, so we recommend always using it!

Real-World Examples of Addressing a Cover Letter without a Name

Here are some examples of how to address a cover letter without a name, and some points to think about when writing your opening lines.

Example 1: Tech industry

Dear Intel Scripting Team,

I am writing to express my interest in the software engineer position at Intel. With extensive experience in full-stack development and a passion for creating efficient and scalable software solutions, I am eager to contribute to your dynamic scripting team.

Example 2: Healthcare sector

Dear Cleveland Clinic Cardiology Department,

I am writing to apply for the cardiologist position at the Cleveland Clinic. My extensive background in patient care, coupled with my compassionate approach and dedication to improving patient outcomes, makes me a strong candidate for this role.

Though it must be said, for a place like a hospital, creating connections between employees and patients is very important and it’s very likely that you’ll be able to find relevant names on the website.

Example 3: Academic sector

Dear Stanford University Faculty Search Committee,

I am writing to express my interest in the college professor position in the Computer Science Department at Stanford University. With a Ph.D. in computer science and over 10 years of experience in both teaching and research, I am excited about the opportunity to help shape young minds in the world of technology at the best college in the world.

After you introduce yourself, try to add some comments about the college in question, its achievements, and any of its existing researchers whose work you follow. This will help personalize the letter even if you don’t have a name to address it to.

Example 4: Marketing role

Dear Procter & Gamble Marketing Team,

I am writing to apply for the senior marketing specialist position at Procter & Gamble. My creative approach to developing impactful marketing campaigns and my proven ability to drive brand awareness make me an excellent fit for your marketing team.

Because of this, you will often find information about them on the company website. Never forget to visit the site and search for some company-specific information before you settle for “Dear marketing team!”

Example 5: Sales role

Dear Adidas Sales Team,

I am writing to express my interest in the customer sales specialist position at Adidas. With a robust track record in exceeding sales targets with sports brands like Nike and New Balance, I am confident in my ability to contribute to your long-standing success.

Example 6: Finance sector

Dear Bose Accounting Team,

I am writing to apply for the junior accountant position at Bose. My strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and proficiency in financial software equip me to effectively manage your financial records and contribute to your financial strategy.

Example 7: Writing role

Dear Bustle Editorial Team,

I am writing to express my interest in the journalist position at Bustle. I’ve been reading Bustle for over 10 years and always admired the way you craft compelling narratives and are not afraid to tackle various topics. I would love to apply my creativity to creating engaging content for your readers for the years to come.

Not every writing job is about newspapers and magazines, though. If you’re applying to be a copywriter or content writer, “Dear Content Team” could also work. Spice up your opening by talking about the company you’re applying to and, if they do publish written work, read some and comment on it.

Example 8: Project manager role

Dear Unity XR Development Team,

I am writing to apply for the project manager position at Unity. My extensive experience in leading cross-functional teams and managing complex projects to successful completion makes me an ideal candidate to drive your project initiatives.

Example 9: Design role

Dear Activision Blizzard UX Team,

I am writing to express my interest in the UX designer position at Activision Blizzard. With a strong background in user-centered design and a passion for creating intuitive and engaging user experiences, I am eager to bring my expertise to Activision Blizzard’s outstanding portfolio of games.

Example 10: Customer service industry

Dear Amazon Customer Service Team,

I am writing to apply for the customer service representative position at Amazon. I’m a passionate extrovert who loves to help people resolve their problems. With a long track record of customer-facing jobs over the past 10 years, I am ready to bring excellent customer service to Amazon.

Address a Cover Letter without a Name FAQs

There are a ton of different ways to find out who to address your cover letter to. Read the job description for clues, check the company website, search for employees on LinkedIn, and even call the front desk if all else fails. It’s really important that you get the name, so try your best!

“Dear hiring manager” is acceptable, but only as a last resort. There are other options that are better, like the name of a person, a department, or a team. The more specific your address is, the better. Of course, if you really can’t find anything, it will work just fine.

Email might not be the best way to reach out in this case, precisely because companies can take days to respond. Instead, you should call the front desk of the branch or office you’d be working at and ask whoever answers the phone. It’s not guaranteed that you’ll get a name, but you will have tried everything possible!

Yes, if you can’t find the name of a person, the name of a team or a department is the next best thing. It still shows that you did some research and thought about who would read your letter, which is all people want to see.

The best alternative is “Dear Hiring Manager.” It’s more professional and modern than “To whom it may concern,” and it’s a little more specific. If you don’t know a name or a team and you’re choosing between these two general greetings—always choose “Dear hiring manager!”

Yes! Without a salutation, a letter isn’t really a letter. It’s disrespectful to not acknowledge the reader before you start talking about yourself, and it really just makes your whole cover letter look a bit off. Including “Dear hiring manager” is much better than writing no greeting at all.

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Resume builder

How to Address a Cover Letter Without a Name: 5 Best Salutations

Cover letters can be a bit of an art form when they include the proper salutation to their recipient. Since you’re creating your own cover letter and don’t have a name to address it to, you might feel a little stuck.

Don’t worry; there are plenty of ways to still address your cover letter appropriately, even if you don’t have this information readily available.

Let’s take a look at five different ways on how to address a cover letter without a name.

Table of Contents

5 Popular Ways to Address a Cover Letter Without a Name

How long a cover letter should be is important somehow. What matters is that it is addressed directly to someone specific, such as Dear Mr. Jones or Dear Recruiter.

If there is no name in the email asking you to submit your cover letter, then try these five ways on how to address a cover letter without a name:

1. To the Hiring Manager

If you don’t know who will be reading your cover letter, it’s best to start with To the hiring manager and follow that up with a more personal introduction. These words should sound professional so that they’re easy for whoever is reading them to digest while they’re reviewing your resume/cover letter.

For example:

To the Hiring Manager: I am writing to you because I am interested in the position of __. I have seen that you are looking for candidates and my qualifications seem to be a good fit. I believe that I have what it takes to do this job well. Please find my CV attached for your review and consideration. Thank you so much for your time, and looking forward to your response. If you have any questions about anything, please feel free to contact me at __. I’m happy to answer any questions and provide additional information as needed.

2. Dear Hiring Manager

It is important to address the cover letter recipient with a formal greeting. And when making cover letters, the most commonly used term is Dear, which is often used before the recipient’s name.

Since this is a formal greeting, any titles that follow should use this style. If possible, avoid salutations that are gender specific. Also, avoid informal salutations, such as those that include the words Hi and Hello.

It is important that you specify what kind of work experience you have in the cover letter and why this job is right for you. Let the Hiring Manager know that they can reach out to you anytime during their application process if they want to talk more about it.

Lastly, make sure that you end your cover letter properly.

Dear Hiring Manager, I hope you’re having a great day! I’m writing in response to your recent posting. My name is __, and I’m excited about the possibility of working with you. I noticed that the company is looking for someone who has experience in __ , and I would love to share my qualifications with you. Feel free to contact me at _ so we can talk more about it. Thank you for your time, and have a great day!

3. Dear [Company Name]

There are a lot of reasons why you might not have a name in your cover letter. Maybe you’re applying for a job, and the company hasn’t been formally named yet, or maybe you’ve applied to an organization that doesn’t use names in their communications.

Whatever the reason, it can be tricky to address your cover letter without a name. But that doesn’t have to be a cause of headaches. In such a case, use Dear Company Name.

• Are Cover Letters Necessary?
• How Long Should a Cover Letter Be?

This option is the best way to go if the company has already publicly announced its name. For example, you can say, “Dear Google”.

For example: Dear Google, I’m writing this cover letter to apply for the __ role. [Add career highlights and other relevant experiences.] Please feel free to reach out to me with any questions that you may have. Enjoy the rest of the day!

Hello is one of the most common ways to address a cover letter without a name. If you are making your cover letter formal, use Dear Hiring Manager, but if you are using a more casual tone, try something like Hello.

If you know who will be reviewing your application, it’s also appropriate to use their name in the salutation.

For example: Hello Hiring Manager, My name is __. I hope you’re doing well. I was reading your job listing and noticed that you’re looking for someone to fill the position of (job title). I’m very interested in this opportunity because __. Thank you for taking the time to read my cover letter, and I’d love to learn more about your company, so feel free to reach out if there’s anything else you need from me!

5. Dear Sir or Madam

Finding the right words when creating a cover letter you will send to an unknown person or company is always difficult. But there are many ways to address your cover letter that will have your potential employer reading it and considering you for the position. Dear Sir or Madam is just one example.

The use of Dear is typically seen as a more formal way to address your cover letter, and Sir or Madam is used when you don’t know the gender of the person reading your correspondence. When in doubt, stick with these two options for addressing a cover letter without knowing the recipient’s name.

However, this is only ideal if you know the gender of the hiring manager but don’t know their name. If you are not sure whether the hiring manager is he or she, consider using a gender-neutral salutation.

Dear Sir/Madam, I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to apply for the __ position you recently posted on the __ job site. I am confident that my knowledge, skills, and experience would be an asset to your awesome team. I am enclosing my resume/CV for your consideration. Thank you very much for taking the time to read my letter and considering me for this opportunity.

Other Salutations to Use When You Don’t Have a Name

There are many different ways to start a cover letter , but if you don’t have the name of the person you are addressing, then it can be difficult to come up with a good opening.

The most common way to address someone in a cover letter is by using their title and last name. If this isn’t possible, there are other ways that you can use as well. One way is to start off with any of the salutations mentioned above. Another option is to start off with these options:

• Dear Hiring Committee
• Dear [Department Name] Hiring Team
• To the Recruiting Team
• Dear Recruiting Team
• Dear Human Resources Manager
• Dear [Title of the Person You Would Be Reporting to]
• Dear [Company Name] Recruiter
• Dear [Position Title] Recruiting Manager
• To the [Department Name of the Position You Are Applying for]
• Dear Hiring Manager or Interviewer
• Dear Hiring Manager of Company X
• Dear Person in Charge of Hiring

Tips to Find the Names of Employers and Hiring Managers

A cover letter may seem like a small part of the hiring process, but it has an enormous impact on whether or not your resume will even be opened by the company you’re applying to.

One way to ensure your cover letter isn’t ignored is by addressing it properly, which can be difficult if you don’t know to whom you’re writing it!

To help you figure out the name of the cover letter’s recipient , here are some tips:

Tip #1: Check the company’s website.

If you know the company’s name and they have a website with contact information, that’s usually the best place to start.

Tip #2: Review job listing sites.

If you’re applying through an online job application site like Indeed, then there will be an option to check to whom the cover letter will be sent. The job posting usually provides you with the names of employers or hiring managers.

Tip #3: Use LinkedIn.

The easiest way to find out the name of the Hiring Manager is to check LinkedIn. The job posting usually includes information about the Hiring Manager. Visit the profile, where it’ll list their current position as well as past positions on their profile page.

Tip #4: Check the job description.

Check the job description to find the name of potential hiring managers. Sometimes, it’s just there. All you need to do is read through the job posting.

Tip #5: Search social media.

You can probably find the names of recruiters on social media. See Facebook or Twitter for any information you can use in writing the cover letter.

How to Make the Perfect Cover Letter

When sending your cover letter without the name, you must be sure that you are addressing the person who is in charge of hiring. Avoid using To Whom It May Concern at all costs. If it is unavoidable, aim to get personal as soon as possible. If you’re emailing a large company, mention specific people you have spoken with over email or via social media in your letter.

To make the perfect cover letter , use an online cover letter maker. This is the best and easiest way to address your cover letter without knowing the name of the company.

The cover letter maker will have all of your information and personalize it for you. Plus, it will give tips on what to include in your cover letter. An online cover letter maker will walk you through each step and ensure that your cover letter looks professional.

You can also get help from other people who are reviewing cover letters if you need more advice on how to approach this. They will know everything about how these companies operate and be able to provide insight into what might work for them.

Final Thoughts

Writing a cover letter can seem like one of the most time-consuming and overwhelming parts of your job search, especially when you don’t know who the person you’re writing to is. However, cover letters are necessary.

If you don’t know the name of the person you’re writing to, that doesn’t mean you should throw in the towel and not write one at all, though. These five ways on how to address a cover letter without a name will ensure that your application still gets noticed.

10 thoughts on “ How to Address a Cover Letter Without a Name: 5 Best Salutations ”

Aw, this was an incredibly good post. Finding the time and actual effort to produce a good articleÖ but what can I sayÖ I procrastinate a lot and never manage to get anything done.

Great post but I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more on this subject? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Thank you!

I guess you can get some more tips from our complete guide “How to Write a Cover Letter” https://resumekit.com/blog/how-to-write-a-cover-letter/

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10 Best Ways To Address A Cover Letter Without A Name

• Cover Letter Format
• Salutation and Greeting
• Who To Address When Unknown
• How To Start A Cover Letter
• How To End A Cover Letter
• Best Cover Letter Font And Size
• Cover Letter Spacing
• Cover Letter Length
• Key Elements Of A Cover Letter
• How To Write An Address
• Official Letter Format
• Cover Letter Opening

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Cover letters consume a fair amount of time in the application process, as the more personalized they are, the better. With the majority of the application process being automated and online now, the hiring manager ’s name can end up being an unknown quantity. If you don’t know the hiring manager’s name and don’t know what to do, then this article will help you.

If the hiring manager’s name is unknown, then you have a few options. The best, of course, is to find out what their name is and address the letter to them. But if that all fails, then there are proper ways to address a cover letter to an unknown recipient.

Key Takeaways:

Try to find the name of the person you are addressing using the job listing, company website, or contacting the company.

Don’t assume someone’s martial status and avoid using “Miss” and “Mrs.” whenever possible.

Avoid assuming gender, even if you do know the person’s name.

Use a professional and appropriate greeting and avoid sounding like you would when addressing your friend.

How to address a cover letter if you don’t know the recipient’s name

Why is addressing a cover letter correctly important, how to find out who to address your cover letter to, example cover letter, addressing a cover letter faq, final thoughts, expert opinion.

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There are a few rules to follow when addressing a cover letter: be professional, polite, and concise. That means that even if you don’t know the recipient’s name, you want to maintain the same professional tone in the letter and avoid overly stilted language or being too informal.

Here are some guidelines to follow when addressing a cover letter:

If you can find out the hiring manager’s name, do so. That means that you should spend time looking over the company website, checking LinkedIn profiles, or even calling the company.

Don’t assume the hiring manager’s gender. This is especially true when you don’t know their name. But even if you do find out the person’s name, avoid gendered language until you’re sure how they identify. Some people will put preferred pronouns in email signatures or on their LinkedIn profiles, so it might be a good idea to check.

Maintain a professional tone. There’s a common style and formality to business letters. Make sure that your cover letter has that tone. it’s different than a letter you’d write to a friend, and being too familiar with your writing can be off-putting to hiring managers.

Avoid assuming the person’s title. This applies to both marital status, such as using Mrs. or Miss, but also whether they have a doctorate. In general, unless this is someone you know, avoid using either Mrs. or Miss, because it can cause offense, even if used correctly.

Make sure you include a salutation. Even if you don’t know who you’re addressing, leaving one off entirely can end up either looking like a mistake or that you didn’t personalize the letter at all.

Be as specific as possible. Even if you can’t find out exactly who the hiring manager is, make sure to be specific in your greeting. Use Dear Marketing Hiring Manager rather than just Dear Hiring Manager if you’re applying for a marketing position.

Also, while HR is most often in charge of hiring, it’s best not to just address the HR department unless you know that they’re the ones who’ll be in charge of your application. Not every business has HR take care of all hiring tasks, especially if it’s a smaller company.

Examples of how to address a cover letter:

Dear Sir or Madam

Dear Hiring Manager

Dear Talent Acquisition Team

Dear [Company Name] HR Department

Dear [Company name] Hiring Manager

Dear Human Resources Manager

Dear Human Resources Department

Dear [Company Name] Recruiter

Dear [Department Name] Hiring Manager

Dear [Department Name] Hiring Team

Here are some examples of how NOT to address a cover letter:

Good Morning

To Whom It May Concern

Dear Mrs. Smith

Hi Sebastian!

Hey Sales Team

Addressing a cover letter correctly shows professionalism, diligence, and politeness. All of these are good for an employee to have and show you to be someone that’s worth investing further time in. While finding the proper person to address can be a chore, it helps you in several ways because:

Hiring managers get myriad applications. Remember that you aren’t the only one applying for a job. While you want to make your application stand out from the crowd if you can, you don’t want to stand out in a negative way — that’ll ensure you don’t get the job.

Individual people ultimately decide who gets hired. While the application process can feel faceless, formless, and impersonal, there are actual people at these companies that sort through resumes . And people form first impressions.

It shows that you’re willing to go the extra mile. Think about what the admired traits are in employees. If you’re willing to put in the additional effort or work to get a superior result, then that’s the sort of employee companies want to have to work for them.

It’s less impersonal. Of course the hiring process is somewhat impersonal. You’re petitioning people you don’t know and that don’t know you. But if you address a letter to Dear Hiring Manager, it doesn’t have the same effect as addressing it directly to the person.

Despite the importance of properly addressing a cover letter, not every company makes it easy for applicants to do. If the hiring manager’s name isn’t immediately apparent, then there are some other options open to you before addressing the cover letter to an unknown recipient.

Check the job listing. One simple way is to look at the application and double-check that the hiring manager’s name isn’t on the main listing. Sometimes the information isn’t on the application, but rather on the job listing. If it isn’t there you will then have to start doing a little bit more investigative work.

Check LinkedIn. You can check on LinkedIn and on the company’s website to find the hiring manager’s name. If nothing shows up, then you will have to start contacting someone at the company to find out.

Contact the company. Now, this does not mean you should contact some random person at the company who lists the company’s name on their profile. Find the contact information for the HR department, for someone who works in HR, or for the head of the department you are trying to work in and ask them if they know the name of the hiring manager for your application.

Sometimes, they will not give this information, simply so that the hiring manager can stay anonymous and not get a billion emails from applicants. This situation is more likely to happen with massive companies like Google or Apple.

If they give you a name, use it. If they don’t, then you will have to then move on to the next step of figuring out how to address a cover letter to an unknown person.

Dear Sales Team Hiring Manager, As a fan of XYZ Inc.’s impressive technology products, I was ecstatic to see an opening for a Junior Sales Representative . After reading the job description, I am confident that I’m the right person for the job. With 4 years of experience selling cloud computing products and services, I would bring a unique perspective to the role. In my current role as a Sales Representative at ABC Corp., I’ve created technology presentations for all my clients, driving interest in new product sales and subscriptions by 84% year-over-year. Additionally, I’ve reduced the cost of customer acquisition by over 15% and consistently topped sales quotas by over 20% since starting at ABC. I know XYZ has amazing products and services that I would be honored to promote and sell. With my background in cloud computing, I would be able to hit the ground running and communicate your product’s benefits to customers. Please contact me if you have any further questions about my application or resume. I look forward to speaking with the Sales Team more about the role in an interview. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Malia Freeman [email protected] 555-777-9999

How do you address a cover letter to an unknown recipient?

Address your cover letter to “Hiring Manager” or “[Department Name] Hiring Manager.” Always do whatever you can to try to find the name of the person you’re addressing, but if you can’t, address it to the generic position or team you’re trying to get in contact with.

Is To Whom It May Concern rude?

Yes, To Whom It May Concern can be considered rude. Not everyone will agree that it’s rude, but many people do find it rude, or at least impersonal and lazy on a cover letter, so it’s best to avoid this greeting

Is it okay to use Dear Hiring Manager?

Yes, it is okay to use Dear Hiring Manager as a cover letter greeting. It’s always best to address your cover letter to someone by name if you can find it, but many times you can’t. In this case, “Dear Hiring Manager,” is an appropriate greeting.

Who is the best person to address a cover letter to?

The best person to address a cover letter to would be the hiring manager. This should be their first and last name if you know it, but “dear hiring manager” is acceptable if you are unsure of their name.

The rule of thumb was to use titles such as Mr. or Ms. However, it’s also important not to assume the hiring manager’s gender. If you don’t know the person’s preferred pronouns, then it’s best to just use their full name.

If you don’t know the recipient’s name, how would you close the letter?

Sincerely or Regards are considered formal, professional closings for letters. If you’re writing a cover letter to someone you don’t know, it’s best to remain professional and polite. A sign-off such as best wishes will likely come off as too familiar.

If you are applying for a job and writing a cover letter, make sure you take the time to look over all the details in the cover letter. Not taking the time to look for the recipient of a cover letter or using a professional greeting will look lazy. ​ Your greeting is a small part of the cover letter. However, it’s one of the most important pieces because it’s the first thing the hiring managers will read. Using an appropriate generic greeting will set the tone for your cover letter, making you sound professional and willing to put in the effort to make your cover letter flawless. ​ Now that you know how to address a cover letter if the reader is the recipient is unknown, check out our other articles about cover letters and the job application process.

Applying for jobs can be stressful and tedious, but taking the time to learn tips on how to improve your application will help put you one step closer to landing your dream job .

Georgetown – Writing Cover Letters for Government

• Who To Address Cover Letter To If Unknown

Vimari Roman Career Strategist Coach Be Productive Coaching

My recommendation is to always send a customized cover letter when applying for any job and when in doubt, address your letter to the hiring team using “Dear Hiring Team.” In most cases the application will end up on a recruiter’s or an HR Business Partner’s desk, and if they like your cover letter and resume, then they will pass it on to the hiring manager or the hiring team. By addressing your letter to the “team” you’ve got everyone covered and they will all feel as if the letter was written directly to them.

Expert Tip To Find Contact Infoformation

Sally Mikhail Founder of Recruit Petra LLC

Use LinkedIn to find out who to address your cover letter to you with a search of company personnel on the company careers page . However, if you are sending out a cover letter to an unknown hiring influence, you can address it to “Dear Hiring Team” or “Dear Hiring Manager.”

Who To Address Cover Letter To If Unknown Tip

Chelsea Jay Certified Resume Writer and Career Coach

Make sure that you review the company’s “About Me” or “Staff” to view their leaders which often lists direct managers, HR professionals, and executive leadership staff. If you know what department you’ll be working for, I recommend addressing the leader of that department. If the website is for a larger organization and does not list individual staff, I recommend utilizing LinkedIn. You can do a quick company search and find employees who are currently working there. You may even find the original posting with the hiring manager’s name attached.

If you cannot find the hiring manager’s name based on the posting, I recommend taking time to learn more about the specific department you’ll be working in. For example, if you discover that you’ll be working in the Communications department, the next step would be to learn about the specific team you’ll be part of. If you find out that it is the Public Affairs team, I encourage you to address “Public Affairs Team” at the beginning of your cover letter.

If you’re up for a bolder approach that is sure to get attention, address someone on the executive leadership team. I recommend addressing the President or Vice President of the organization (they should be easy to find since they are often the “face” of the organization). Of course, address them with a salutation along with their first name, last name, and title. In the beginning of the cover letter make sure to distinguish what department and position you are applying for. For example, Dear Mr. John Smith, President.

As an applicant, your goal is to stand out and showcase that you are informed and willing to go the extra mile (by doing research!).

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Heidi Cope is a former writer for the Zippia Career Advice blog. Her writing focused primarily on Zippia's suite of rankings and general career advice. After leaving Zippia, Heidi joined The Mighty as a writer and editor, among other positions. She received her BS from UNC Charlotte in German Studies.

Matt Warzel a President of a resume writing firm (MJW Careers, LLC) with 15+ years of recruitment, outplacement, career coaching and resume writing experience. Matt is also a Certified Professional Resume Writer (CPRW) and Certified Internet Recruiter (CIR) with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (Marketing Focus) from John Carroll University.

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How to address a cover letter without a name? 5 expert tips

Use the name of the team that’s hiring

Address the hr or hiring team directly, just say hello, address the job poster, research a specific name, to whom it may concern, gender specific, dear hiring manager, using the wrong title.

Your cover letter is the key to contextualising your professional experience as the missing ingredient in the team that is hiring. But you’re sure to leave a lacklustre impression with a generic opening line. 

In fact, stats show that you have seconds to impress a hiring manager. So, if you want them to keep reading and invite you to that all-important job interview you need to make the right impression. Even if you don’t have the name of the hiring manager. We’ve helped millions of job seekers to make an impression that counts, so keep reading for our top tips on impressing your prospective employer.

Seven second rule

On average employers will spend just seven seconds looking at your CV, according to Indeed . However, just 37% of hiring managers and recruiters read a CV first. That means making a top impression with your cover letter counts!

This blog post will cover:

• Why addressing your cover letter matters
• Tips on how to address cover letter without a name

How to find the addressee’s name for your cover letter

• Mistakes to avoid when addressing a cover letter without a name

Why does addressing your cover letter matter?

Unfortunately, a cover letter without a name or a smart alternative just won’t cut it. Your overall goal when addressing a cover letter is to sound personable and enthusiastic. In most cases when you have to address a cover letter without a name, this will mean putting your head down to do some extra research. This is a great way to make a professional first impression and stand out from other candidates.

Perhaps your research will uncover the name of the hiring manager or you’ll follow one of our other top tips to address a cover letter without a name. Either way, going that extra mile shows the hiring manager that you are a creative problem solver. You’re someone who’s switched on and will use your initiative. Now that’s someone most hiring managers will want on their team.

Forbes has listed a variety of soft skills that are just as important to hiring managers as the experience and qualifications a candidate possesses. 

Here are some of the desirable, innate attributes that hiring managers want and you can show by spending those extra minutes on addressing your cover letter in the right way:

• Professionalism and communication skills
• Adaptability, critical thinking, and problem solving abilities
• Enthusiasm and motivation

5 tips on how to address a cover letter without a name

There are still strategic ways you can address your cover letter without a name. Here are some of our favourite solutions that will still show you as a smart and proactive candidate.

“Dear Global Enterprises marketing team”

When you truly cannot pinpoint an individual to address your letter to through your research, you should still know which team is hiring. This solution shows that you have gone to the trouble of personalising your cover letter.

“Dear Global Enterprises hiring team”

Perhaps the job you’re applying to doesn’t fall under a specific team or the company is too small to be split into teams and departments. In that case, this solution could provide a nice alternative. 

“Hello” or “Good afternoon”

While we would not recommend this solution for a formal cover letter document, if you are writing an email cover letter then a simple “hello” or similar could suffice. That’s because email etiquette tends to be a little more casual than written letters. However, use your research on the company to determine whether or not this will be a good solution for their company culture.

If the job you’re applying to is on a platform where you can see who posted it, take a moment to find out who they are. On platforms such as LinkedIn you will likely be able to find out their full name. Or there may be an email address listed on the job ad to contact for any questions. 

From there you will be able to find out more about the person who posted the job or the person behind the listed email address. You can do this by searching for them on LinkedIn, Google, or similar. Your goal is to find out who they are and what their role is in the company. Through this research you can determine whether or not it would be appropriate to address the cover letter to them.

If you’ve found the head of your prospective department on LinkedIn or the company website, you could address your cover letter to them. Even if you’re not 100% sure that it’s the name of the top decision maker in the hiring process, this could be a strategic approach to showing you know how to do your research. 

Depending on the size of the company, there is always the risk that the individual you identified will actually have limited contact with the successful candidate and they have nothing to do with the hiring process for the role.

Our list of top tips which assume you don’t have the name of the person you’re addressing the cover letter to. So first make sure you’ve made a solid attempt at determining someone who will be reading your cover letter.

Before you assume that it’s impossible to find their name, here are some quick tips on researching who they are. The HR department of companies big enough to have one will almost certainly be involved in the hiring of new team members. However, a safe bet is to search for the person who would be your new line manager. Here are some ways you can find out who that would be:

• See if the employer has a team page on their website where you can find out who is in charge of the team you’re applying to join.
• Search the employees of the company of LinkedIn to understand who has the role.
• Look for any clues as to who has posted the job advertisement such as a contact email address, or the name of the person who posted the job ad.

Don’t get so caught up on addressing your cover letter that you forget to write a compelling opening paragraph. Here are some of our top tips on how to start a cover letter .

Mistakes to avoid

While this may seem like a fail-safe, cover-all term, this one is unlikely to cut it. As well as sounding impersonal, it’s a missed opportunity to be more specific about who you’re writing to. This could risk making you look like a lazy candidate.

Unless you have confirmation of the gender of the hiring manager or your new potential boss, stay away from any language that assumes which gender they are. That means no Mr/Miss/Mrs, or sir/madam. You can opt for gender neutral language such as “they” and some of the other tips we have suggested above.

A cover letter without a name isn’t ideal. But “Dear hiring manager” falls into the same pitfalls as “to whom it may concern”. It makes it look like you’ve bothered to find out who it concerns. It goes without saying that every job has a hiring manager, so addressing your letter to such a generic job title could come across as lazy.

Even if you have the name of the hiring manager, you could accidentally cause offence by using the wrong title. Demoting someone from their doctor status or assuming their marital status by opting for “Miss” or “Mrs.” could put you in hot water. A fail-safe option is to do without the titles all together and address the cover letter to the person’s full name.

Key Takeaways

• Your overall goal is always to come across as personable and someone who can go the extra mile.
• Do your research but consider the company’s culture when deciding on the best strategic approach to address your cover letter.
• Don’t lose the forest for the trees. Addressing your cover letter in a personable way is important, but it’s just one line of the rest of your cover letter.

• EXPLORE Random Article
• Happiness Hub

How to Start a Cover Letter Without a Recipient Name

Last Updated: July 7, 2023 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Amber Rosenberg, PCC and by wikiHow staff writer, Jennifer Mueller, JD . Amber Rosenberg is a Professional Life Coach, Career Coach, and Executive Coach based in the San Francisco Bay Area. As the owner of Pacific Life Coach, she has 20+ years of coaching experience and a background in corporations, tech companies, and nonprofits. Amber trained with the Coaches Training Institute and is a member of the International Coaching Federation (ICF). This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 30,611 times.

If you're writing a cover letter to submit with your résumé to apply for a job, ideally, it should be addressed to a specific recipient. Knowing the hiring manager's name sends the message that you've done your homework and are serious about the job. However, sometimes you simply can't find the name of the appropriate person despite your best efforts. In that situation, it's okay to address the recipient by their job title. You might also consider addressing your letter to the head of the department where you're applying to work. [1] X Research source

Finding the Right Name

• If the job listing instructs you to address your cover letter to a job title or other designation, follow those instructions exactly. The company may be using a filter to collect applications, particularly if you're submitting your cover letter and résumé by email.

• Some small, privately held companies or startups may not have a list of employees on their website. Extremely small "mom and pop" companies may not even have a website at all. In that case, do a general internet search for the name of the company and see what comes up.
• You can also search the company on career networking sites, such as LinkedIn. You may be able to find the name of someone in charge of hiring new employees. [5] X Research source

Tip: If the job is posted on LinkedIn, use the name of the person who posted the listing. Even if they aren't the hiring manager, they are likely involved in the hiring process and can get your cover letter and résumé to the right person.

• If you're applying to a larger corporation, you may want to provide the job title you're interested in or the department where you're applying to work. Larger corporations likely have more than one hiring manager, depending on the job.
• For the largest companies, you'll have better luck asking to be connected to human resources. Someone in that department would be more likely to know the name you'll need than a receptionist or operator.

Using a Job Title

• For example, if you're applying for an accounting position, you might address your cover letter to the "Chief Financial Officer."

Tip: Use an internet search to come up with a list of executives for the company. If all else fails, you could address your cover letter to the president or chief executive officer of the company.

• For example, if you're applying for a job as a senior analyst, you might address your cover letter to the "Senior Analyst Hiring Manager."

• In a smaller company or startup, you don't have to worry as much about your cover letter and résumé getting to the right person. It's likely that everyone who works for the company knows that they're hiring, and knows who's in charge of reviewing applicants.

Formatting Your Letter

• Sometimes "hello" is appropriate, particularly if you're sending your cover letter using email. However, unless you know the company is more casual, including the "dear" won't hurt – even in email correspondence.

• For example, if the recipient has her name listed on the company's website as "Mrs. Shirley Jackson," it's okay to address her as "Mrs. Jackson" in your cover letter.
• If you're not sure about the recipient's gender identity, use their first and last name instead of "Mr." or "Ms."

Tip: Make sure you don't confuse the recipient's first name and family name. If you're not familiar with the order, err on the side of caution and use both.

• For example, if Dr. Sam Greene is the head of the department where you're applying for a job, you don't need to know whether Sam is a man or a woman. You can simply address your letter to "Dr. Greene."
• Check the company's website or do an internet search if you think the recipient is part of an ethnic group that lists the family name first. For example, if you were writing a letter to Dr. Yang Yuanqing, who is Chinese, you would address your letter to "Dr. Yang," since the family name is listed first in Mandarin.

• If you've addressed your cover letter to a group of people, such as "Dear Web Content Hiring Team," a colon may look better than a comma. Again, this is typically simply a matter of personal preference.
• If you choose to simply address the person by name, rather than including the word "dear," follow their name with a colon instead of a comma.

Expert Q&A

• Never use generic, formal greetings such as "To Whom It May Concern" or "Dear Sir or Madam" on a cover letter. Not only are these greetings are antiquated and impersonal, but they can give off the impression that you didn't bother to research the company you supposedly want to work for. [14] X Research source Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-address-a-cover-letter-with-examples
• ↑ Amber Rosenberg, PCC. Pacific Life Coach. Expert Interview. 8 July 2022.
• ↑ https://www.livecareer.com/resources/cover-letters/how-to/write/how-to-address-a-cover-letter
• ↑ https://www.monster.com/career-advice/article/open-close-cover-letter-0421
• ↑ https://icc.ucdavis.edu/materials/cover-letters
• ↑ https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/address-cover-letter-without-name

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How to Start a Cover Letter To Keep Recruiters Reading

Customers Interviewed by:

Writing a good cover letter starts with the first word, so you need to know how to start a cover letter right.

Starting a cover letter on the right note is crucial to grab the recruiter’s attention. Whether you’re struggling with a blank document or have a solid foundation, a cover letter needs a punchy opening to make an impact on the hiring team.

What are the key ingredients to starting the perfect cover letter?

Here’s what we’ll cover in this article:

• What to include in your cover letter header.
• How to start a cover letter greeting.
• How to write an impressive cover letter opening paragraph.
• How to start a cover letter off strong.
• Examples of how to start a cover letter.

Each puzzle piece of your cover letter opener creates a detailed picture of who you are as a candidate. It proves to the recruiter that you’re worth contacting for a job interview . Make a standout first impression with your cover letter by including:

• A header with your contact information.
• A personalized greeting.
• A powerful opening statement.

Create your cover letter with AI to customize it for the job description. Optimize your cover letter and resume with Jobscan to get more interviews.

What to include in a cover letter header

The top of your cover letter should include a header with your critical contact information, like:

• Your name and professional title.
• Your phone number.
• Your email address.
• Your LinkedIn profile link.

You can also include other relevant links. These could be to your portfolio website, GitHub, Medium profile, or other industry-specific resources. They will help the recruiter understand your skills.

Include the date, the recipient, the company name, and the address or location of the organization. (This will depend on whether it’s an in-person, hybrid, or remote environment.)

Below is an example of a cover letter including personal information in the header with the date and company information below. This example was created with the Jobscan Cover Letter Generator .

Use our Cover Letter Generator to save yourself time writing your cover letter. The header section will auto-populate based on your resume, so all the details match perfectly.

How to write a cover letter greeting

If you usually start your cover letters with “Dear Sir/Madam” or “To whom it may concern,” it’s time to reinvent your greetings. Not only is this a boring way to start a cover letter, it can come across as lazy.

With a little investigation, it’s easier than ever to find the names of the recruiters or hiring teams. By taking a little time, you can personalize your greeting to boost your chances of a recruiter reading your cover letter from start to finish.

Beat out the 84% of job seekers who don’t find the hiring manager’s name to personalize their applications and go the extra mile.

How can you find the right person to address in your cover letter?

Turn to LinkedIn or the organization’s website.

On LinkedIn, you can either search for the company’s recruiter or talent acquisition team members. Or you can go to the “People” tab of their LinkedIn page to explore the current employees.

Suppose you’re looking for a job at PCL Construction and want to find the name of the recruiter who will likely be reading your cover letter. You can go to the search bar and find the recruiter managing that department by city.

With just a quick search, you’ll find the hiring team members in charge of the role you’re applying for!

You can also go directly to a company’s website and look for the “Team” or “About Us” page for information.

Targeting a greeting to a specific person is easier to do in smaller organizations. If you’re applying for a role at a large company, you can still write an engaging but more general greeting on your cover letter, such as:

• Dear [Department] Hiring Manager,
• Dear [Department] Team,
• Dear [Director of or Head of] Department,
• Dear [Company Name] Hiring Manager,

How to write a powerful cover letter opening paragraph

Recruiters spend just seven seconds scanning a candidate’s application , so it’s critical to capture their attention in the first line.

Be concise in your cover letter and choose your words with the desired impact in mind. Avoid falling into the old traps of opening your cover letter by stating what role you’re applying for and how you found it. Remember, you have a precious few seconds to illustrate how you can help the organization fulfill its needs, so make every sentence count.

Read the examples below and ask which one will have a greater impact on employers.

“I am thrilled to apply for the Research Analyst position at YouGov, where my experience in leading market research projects that boosted client engagement by 25% and my expertise in data interpretation have consistently delivered actionable insights and strategic recommendations. Using my skills in analyzing primary research data, I’m looking forward to helping your organization make data-backed decisions to drive growth and profitability in your projects.”

“I am excited to apply for the Research Analyst position at YouGov, an esteemed global online research company well-known for its accurate data and market insights. With my background in managing market research projects, interpreting data, and delivering actionable recommendations, I believe I can contribute significantly to your team.”

The point of your cover letter isn’t just to restate your skills from your resume . You need to prove the impact of your skills and how you’ll bring that impact to the organization.

It’s not about you, it’s about the company’s needs.

Tips for writing a strong cover letter opener

Now that you know what puzzle pieces you need to start a cover letter right, here are some tips to help wow the recruiter with its content.

1. Let your enthusiasm and passion shine through

Your resume illustrates your skills and qualifications , but your cover letter is the place to tell a story. Share what company qualities excite you, what draws you to the organization’s mission or values, and what direct experience you have with the company’s product or service.

Communicating your enthusiasm gives the recruiter an idea of how engaged and dedicated you’ll be to your performance.

With over five years of hands-on experience in property management, I am deeply passionate about creating exceptional living experiences for residents. Your industry-leading services and premium standards in property management systems make me excited about the opportunity to bring my dedication and expertise to your esteemed team.

2. Mention any mutual connections

If you have a professional connection in the company or were referred to a position, name-drop that connection at the top of your cover letter. A connection can help boost your chances of getting an interview, especially if that person can act as a reference.

Give your connection a heads-up if you discovered the opportunity on your own without a referral. That way, if they’re asked about you informally by the hiring team, they’ll know to expect questions.

If you want to give your cover letter a boost with a connection, you can reach out to someone in the company before you apply. Be genuine and try to connect with someone on the team you would be working with. Ask an authentic question or reach out to discuss their experience in the company. Tell them you want to apply for an opening. But don’t try to reach out to anyone just to get a name to plug in your cover letter. It can come across as disingenuous.

My interest in the Health Systems Analyst role was significantly piqued after speaking with Jane Doe, an eHealth Policy Analyst at your organization. Jane highlighted the cutting-edge technology initiatives and collaborative atmosphere within your IT department, which align perfectly with my 7 years of experience in healthcare IT, focusing on electronic health records (EHR) systems and data security.

3. Incorporate your company research

Writing a compelling cover letter requires that you do some research to show the recruiter that you’re aligned with the company’s values, mission, and culture. You need to express to the recruiter why you want to work at their specific organization .

Keep an eye on industry news and learn about the company’s latest projects. By incorporating details about what the organization is currently achieving, you position yourself as a better interview candidate over other applicants.

Your recognition as an industry leader, demonstrated by winning the Best Employer Award for three consecutive years and your successful launch of the community outreach initiative, highlights [Company Name]’s dedication to both employee well-being and social responsibility. I have a track record of increasing employee satisfaction by 20% through strategic wellness programs and look forward to contributing to your continued success.

4. Highlight your most impressive achievement

A well-written resume illustrates your achievements , but your cover letter is the best vehicle to add context and tell a compelling story to show off your impact. You can directly tie it into the role you’re applying for and help the recruiter forge connections between what you have accomplished in the past to what you can achieve for the future—particularly for their company.

In my previous role as a project manager at Apex Management Co, I spearheaded a comprehensive cost-reduction initiative that saved $500,000 annually by optimizing supply chain operations and renegotiating vendor contracts. This accomplishment directly relates to the efficiency and budget management skills required for the Operations Manager position at your organization, where I am eager to contribute to your mission of streamlining processes and enhancing operational efficiency.

5. Clearly state your unique value

In a sea of applicants, it can feel difficult to set yourself apart. But the truth is, no one has the same combination of experience or skills you do. The key to standing out is learning how to frame your unique value to solve a company’s problems. Expand on the key skills listed in the job description and draw on your research of the organization to explicitly spell out how you’ll benefit the team.

With a unique blend of creative and technical skills, I designed a user interface for the HealthCo App that increased user engagement by 40% through user-centered design principles and rigorous usability testing. I am looking forward to bringing this expertise to your organization as a UX Designer, addressing your need for more engaging and intuitive user experiences, particularly as you expand your digital offerings.

6. Keep your cover letter short

Remember that you want the recruiter to read your cover letter from start to finish, so make sure every sentence is meaningful and cut out the fluff. There should be plenty of white space to break up the text and not overwhelm the reader.

Reference our cover letter examples for inspiration on crafting the perfect cover letter.

Let AI write your cover letter for you

Jobscan’s premium Power Edit includes a cover letter generator that harnesses the power of AI to write a customized cover letter based on your tailored resume and the job description. With one click, you’ll generate a cover letter that follows best practices.

You can use it as a framework to defeat blank page syndrome and include anecdotes, details about your mutual connections, and bits of information from your research to impress the hiring team. You can make any alterations in Power Edit and download the PDF when it’s done and ready to be attached to your tailored resume.

Key takeaways

Your cover letter could be the key to landing the interview. By following these essential tips on how to start a cover letter, you’ll capture the attention of the hiring team from the first sentence.

Remember these cover letter rules as you start your writing.

• Make a clear opening statement that shows passion, knowledge, and your unique value.
• Keep your cover letter short—stick to a few concise paragraphs to make it readable.
• Be specific and clear about what you’ll bring to the role.
• Stay away from humor—the tone can be difficult to read.
• Avoid reusing the same cover letter and write a custom cover letter for each job.
• Don’t overinflate your accomplishments or lie about connections that don’t exist.

When including your contact information on a cover letter or resume, make sure to provide the following details: Full Name: Your first and last name. Phone Number: A number where you can be easily reached. Make sure your voicemail is professional. Email Address: Use a professional email address, preferably one that includes your name. Mailing Address: Include your current street address, city, state, and zip code. LinkedIn Profile: If you have a LinkedIn profile that is up-to-date and professional, include the URL. Professional Website or Portfolio: If applicable, include a link to your personal website or online portfolio showcasing your work. This ensures potential employers have multiple ways to reach you and can view your professional online presence.

A good opening sentence for a cover letter can grab the reader’s attention and introduce your purpose for writing. Here are a few examples: For a job application: “I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name], as advertised on [where you found the job posting]. With my background in [your field or relevant experience ], I am eager to bring my skills and passion to your team.” For a career change: “With a strong foundation in [current field], I am thrilled to apply for the [Job Title] role at [Company Name] to leverage my skills in [new field].” For a specific achievement: “Having recently led a successful [project or achievement], I am enthusiastic about applying for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name] to bring my expertise in [specific skill or area] to your innovative team.” For expressing enthusiasm: “I have long admired [Company Name]’s commitment to [specific value or mission], and I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position to contribute to your impactful work with my experience in [relevant experience or field].” For a networking referral: “After speaking with [Referrer’s Name], I am inspired to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name] where I can utilize my skills in [specific skill or area] to further your goals.” These starters aim to make a strong first impression by highlighting your enthusiasm, relevant skills, and connection to the company.

Your cover letter opening should contain the following key elements: Your Enthusiasm for the Position: Show genuine excitement and interest in the role you are applying for. This sets a positive tone and captures the reader’s attention. Specific Mention of the Job Title and Company Name: Clearly state the position you are applying for and the name of the company. This ensures the reader knows exactly what role you are interested in. Brief Introduction of Yourself: Include a concise introduction that highlights who you are and what you bring to the table. This can include your current role, relevant experience, or a key achievement. Connection to the Company: Mention something specific about the company that resonates with you, such as their mission, values, recent achievements, or reputation in the industry. This demonstrates that you have researched the company and are genuinely interested in working there. A Hook or Key Strength: Highlight a key skill or accomplishment that makes you a strong candidate for the position. This can be a significant achievement, a unique skill set, or relevant experience that sets you apart from other applicants. Here is an example that incorporates all these elements: “I am excited to apply for the Marketing Manager position at XYZ Company, where I can combine my passion for innovative marketing strategies with my skills in digital advertising. With over five years of experience in driving successful campaigns that increased brand awareness and sales, I am eager to bring my expertise to your dynamic team. I have long admired XYZ Company’s commitment to sustainability and innovative product development, and I am thrilled at the opportunity to contribute to your impactful work. My recent achievement in boosting social media engagement by 40% through targeted campaigns is a testament to my ability to drive results and my dedication to excellence.”

To start a cover letter greeting effectively, follow these guidelines: Address the Hiring Manager by Name: Whenever possible, find out the name of the hiring manager or the person responsible for hiring. Addressing the letter to a specific person shows that you have done your research and adds a personal touch. Use a Professional Salutation: Use a formal greeting such as “Dear” followed by the person’s title (Mr., Ms., Dr., etc.) and last name. Avoid using first names or informal greetings. When You Don’t Know the Name: If you cannot find the hiring manager’s name, use a general but professional greeting such as “ Dear Hiring Manager ” or “Dear [Department] Team.” Avoid Outdated Phrases: Refrain from using outdated or overly formal phrases like “To Whom It May Concern.” A modern, professional greeting is more effective. Examples: When you know the hiring manager’s name: “Dear Ms. Smith,” When you know the hiring manager’s title and department: “Dear Marketing Team Lead,” When you don’t know the hiring manager’s name: “Dear Hiring Manager,” When applying to a specific department: “Dear Marketing Team,” Starting your cover letter with a proper greeting sets a professional tone and demonstrates your attention to detail.

Kelsey is a Content Writer with a background in content creation, bouncing between industries to educate readers everywhere.

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Cover Letter with No Experience

Cover letter maker.

Entering the job market with no experience can seem like a daunting task. But don’t worry, this comprehensive guide is here to help you navigate these unfamiliar waters. From understanding the purpose of a cover letter with no experience, to detailed examples, writing tips and free templates, we’ll arm you with all you need to impress potential employers despite your lack of professional experience.

What is Cover Letter with No Experience?

A cover letter with no experience is a document that allows job seekers without relevant work experience to showcase their strengths, skills, passion, and potential to prospective employers. It aims to highlight how one’s academic achievements, transferable skills, volunteer work or life experiences make them a good fit for the job.

What is the Best Example of Cover Letter with No Experience?

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am writing to express my interest in the open position at your company, which I learned about through your posting on JobBoard. Although I recently graduated and do not have extensive work experience, I am confident that my strong academic background and leadership skills cultivated through extracurricular activities make me an excellent fit for this position.

During my time at University, I was an active member of our debate team, which allowed me to develop strong communication, teamwork, and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, my studies in [relevant field] have given me a solid foundation in [job-specific skills].

I am eager to bring my passion, dedication, and willingness to learn to your team. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of contributing to your organization.

Sincerely, [Your Name]

Size: 26 KB

Free Cover Letters with No Experience – Copy & Paste

Cover letter with no experience for internship example.

Dear [Hiring Manager’s Name],

I am excited to apply for the [Internship Position] at [Company Name]. Although I do not have direct experience in the industry, my academic background and passion for [mention field/industry] have prepared me for this internship.

During my studies at [University Name], I have gained a solid understanding of [mention relevant courses/skills]. Additionally, I have actively participated in [mention relevant extracurricular activities or projects], where I honed my teamwork and problem-solving skills.

I am eager to apply my knowledge and contribute to [Company Name]’s mission. Thank you for considering my application. I would love the opportunity to further discuss how I can be an asset to your team.

Best Regards, [Your Name]

In this internship cover letter , focus on your academic achievements, relevant coursework, and any extracurricular experiences that have prepared you for the internship. Show your enthusiasm for the field and company, and demonstrate how you can add value to the organization despite not having direct experience.

Size: 188 KB

Cover Letter with No Experience for Customer Service Example

I’m writing to express my interest in the Customer Service position you recently advertised. As a recent graduate, I don’t have much professional experience, but I am confident in my ability to provide excellent customer service, as proven through my experience in university clubs and volunteer work.

In my role as secretary for my university’s Environmental Club, I interacted with diverse groups of people and learned how to listen, empathize, and solve problems. I believe these skills are transferable and vital for a Customer Service role.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how I can contribute to your team.

This customer service cover letter highlights your transferable skills from non-work experiences, showcasing them as valuable assets for a customer service role. Be sure to customize it to your personal experiences and the specific job and company you’re applying to.

Sample Cover Letter with No Experience Example

I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] at [Company Name]. Though I’m a recent graduate with limited professional experience, I’m eager to apply the skills I’ve acquired during my academic career.

Throughout my studies, I took on multiple roles in various school clubs, where I developed strong leadership, communication, and teamwork skills. I also excelled in coursework relevant to the [Job Title], earning a GPA of [Your GPA] in those courses.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to contribute my enthusiasm and dedication to your team.

This is a general cover letter with no experience that can be customized to any job or industry. When using this guide, replace the placeholders with your personal and academic achievements, and relevant skills. Don’t forget to tailor it to each job application to highlight the specific skills each employer is seeking.

Cover Letter with No Experience for Office Administrator Example

I am writing to apply for the Office Administrator position at [Company Name]. As a recent graduate, I have gained valuable skills and experiences that have prepared me for this role.

In college, I was an executive member of the student council, where I managed meetings, organized events, and handled correspondence, providing me with valuable administrative experience.

I look forward to the opportunity to bring my organizational skills, attention to detail, and leadership abilities to your company. Thank you for considering my application.

This cover letter for an Office Administrator position focuses on administrative skills gained from school and volunteer work. To use this effectively, tailor it to your own experiences, highlighting specific tasks you’ve handled that would be useful in an office administrator role.

Size: 25 KB

Cover Letter with No Experience for Cold Calling Example

I am writing to express my interest in the position of [Job Title] at [Company Name]. While I do not have formal work experience, I have honed my communication and persuasion skills through extensive participation in my university’s Debate Club.

I am confident that my strong communication skills, coupled with my ability to handle rejection, make me a strong candidate for a cold calling position. I look forward to the possibility of contributing to your team.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

This cover letter demonstrates how your communication and persuasion skills, developed in non-professional settings, can be valuable for a cold-calling position. Be sure to customize it with your own experiences and the specifics of the job you’re applying for.

Short Cover Letter with No Experience Example

I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. Although I have limited professional experience, I have cultivated key skills through my academics and extracurricular activities.

In university, I led a successful fundraising campaign for our local homeless shelter, honing my organizational and leadership skills. I am confident that I can bring these qualities to your team.

Thank you for considering my application.

A short cover letter should still contain your enthusiasm for the role, your relevant skills, and a note of thanks. Make sure it remains concise and on point, while still being tailored to the specific job and company you are applying to.

Cover Letter with No Experience Format

[Your Name] [Your Address] [City, State, ZIP] [Your Email] [Today’s Date]

[Recipient’s Name] [Company Name] [Company Address] [City, State, ZIP]

Dear [Recipient’s Name],

I am writing to apply for the position of [Job Title] at [Company Name]. While I am a recent graduate with no formal work experience, I am eager to apply the skills I’ve honed during my academic and volunteer experiences to a professional setting.

Through my role in [University Club/Experience], I have developed strong [mention specific skills relevant to the job posting]. I am confident that these abilities will be valuable in the role of [Job Title].

Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the opportunity to contribute to [Company Name] and look forward to discussing my candidacy further.

This cover letter format can serve as a base to build your cover letter around. It clearly outlines the necessary components: your details, the recipient’s details, a greeting, the body of the letter, a closing statement, and your sign-off.

Cover Letter with No Experience for Entry Level Job Example

I am thrilled to apply for the entry-level position at [Company Name]. As a recent graduate, I may lack direct work experience, but I possess a strong understanding of the industry through my studies and internships.

In my intern role at [Company Name], I developed skills in [specific skills relevant to the job posting]. I am confident these will serve me well in the role at [Company Name].

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to further discuss my suitability for the position.

In an entry-level cover letter, you want to highlight relevant skills and experiences that you’ve gained from your education, internships, or any extracurricular activities. Tailor it according to the specific job requirements.

Cover Letter with No Experience for Student Example

I am writing to apply for the [Job Title] role at [Company Name]. Although I’m still a student, I believe the skills I’ve acquired through my coursework and extracurricular activities make me a strong candidate.

I have gained valuable experience in [mention specific skills or experiences] through my involvement in [specific activities]. I am confident these skills will be an asset in the [Job Title] role.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to discussing how I can contribute to [Company Name].

A student cover letter should focus on transferable skills and experiences from school or university activities, courses, and internships. Customize it to match the job posting’s requirements and the company’s culture.

Cover Letter with No Experience for Job Application Example

I’m writing to express my interest in the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. While I do not have formal work experience, I have spent considerable time developing my skills and knowledge in this field and I am eager to translate this into practical work.

During my studies, I have undertaken projects related to [describe a relevant project], which have given me a solid foundation in [mention specific skills]. I am excited about the opportunity to leverage these skills in the professional arena at [Company Name].

Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to the possibility of contributing to your team.

An application for a job with no prior experience can still stand out. In your Job Application Cover Letter , Highlight your transferable skills, academic achievements, and eagerness to learn and grow professionally.

Cover Letter with No Experience for Administrative Assistant Example

I am excited to apply for the Administrative Assistant role at [Company Name]. While I do not have direct administrative experience, I believe my organization skills, attention to detail, and positive attitude would make me a valuable addition to your team.

In my time at [University Name], I was tasked with [specific task], where I developed my ability to [mention specific skill]. I am confident that these skills would translate well into the administrative role at [Company Name].

Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the potential to contribute to your team and look forward to the opportunity to discuss my application further.

For an administrative assistant role, it’s key to highlight organizational and communication skills, along with any relevant tasks or roles you’ve undertaken that have prepared you for administrative duties. See more Administrative Assistant Examples .

Cover Letter with No Experience for Receptionist Example

I am eager to apply for the Receptionist position at [Company Name]. Although I do not have formal work experience, my interpersonal skills, strong communication abilities, and dedication to providing excellent customer service make me an excellent fit for the role.

During my tenure as a volunteer at [Organization Name], I gained valuable experience in customer-facing roles, which developed my customer service and problem-solving skills. I am confident that these skills will make me an asset to your team.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to further discuss my candidacy.

Data Entry Job Cover Letter with No Experience Example

I’m writing to express my interest in the Data Entry position listed on [where you found the job posting]. While I may not have formal experience in data entry, my time at [University Name or past experience] has provided me with the skills necessary to excel in this role.

During my studies, I’ve had the opportunity to develop strong typing skills and become proficient in using [mention any relevant software/programs]. My high level of accuracy and attention to detail, combined with my ability to work quickly, will allow me to make a significant contribution to your team.

Thank you for considering my application. I am looking forward to discussing my qualifications further.

Human Resource Job Cover Letter with No Experience Example

I am enthusiastic about the Human Resources position at [Company Name]. Despite lacking professional HR experience, my strong interpersonal and organizational skills, combined with my passion for employee development, make me a strong candidate for this role.

In my role as [previous role, even if not in HR], I gained valuable experience managing [explain what you were managing], showcasing my ability to handle complex tasks and collaborate with diverse teams. I am confident that I can bring these skills to a human resources role.

Thank you for considering my application. I would be thrilled to discuss how my skills and passion align with the goals of your HR team.

Call Center Job Cover Letter with No Experience Example

I am excited about the Call Center position at [Company Name]. Though I have no professional call center experience, my abilities in customer service, communication, and problem-solving will prove invaluable in this role.

In my past roles in [mention industry or job, even if not directly related to call centers], I regularly communicated with clients and managed their requests, demonstrating my strong communication and customer service skills. I am confident in my ability to transfer these skills to a call center environment.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to demonstrate how my abilities align with your team’s needs.

In a cover letter for a call center role, focus on your communication and customer service skills. Even if you haven’t worked in a call center before, highlighting any experience dealing with customers or clients can show the hiring manager you have the necessary skills for the job.

Engineering Student Cover Letter with No Experience Example

As a dedicated engineering student at [University Name], I am excited to apply for the [specific position name] at [Company Name]. Although I do not have professional engineering experience, my academic training has equipped me with a strong knowledge base and practical skills.

Throughout my academic career, I have excelled in subjects such as [mention specific engineering subjects relevant to the job]. Additionally, I have hands-on experience with [mention specific engineering tools, software, or projects you have worked on], which will enable me to contribute immediately to your team.

Thank you for considering my application. I am eager to bring my passion for engineering to your esteemed company.

For an engineering student, the cover letter should highlight academic achievements, technical knowledge, and any relevant projects or coursework. It’s important to tie these experiences back to the job requirements to show your potential value to the company.

Social Worker Cover Letter with No Experience Example

As a recent graduate in Social Work from [University Name], I’m enthusiastic to apply for the Social Worker position at [Company Name]. While I don’t possess direct professional experience, my education and volunteer activities make me a strong candidate.

My studies have equipped me with a deep understanding of social work theories and practices. Furthermore, I’ve volunteered at [Volunteer Organization Name], where I worked closely with individuals [describe a situation which aligns with the job description].

Thank you for considering my application. I’m eager to bring my dedication and passion for helping others to your organization.

In this social worker cover letter , focus on your theoretical knowledge and any practical experience you’ve gained through internships, volunteering, or academic projects. It’s important to connect these experiences to the specific job requirements.

Size: 28 KB

Front Desk Officer Job Cover Letter with No Experience Example

I am thrilled to apply for the Front Desk Officer role at [Company Name]. Despite having no direct experience in this position, my strong communication skills, customer service experience, and quick learning ability will enable me to excel in this role.

My experience in [mention any relevant role or industry] has taught me the importance of professionalism and clear communication. I understand how vital the role of a Front Desk Officer is in shaping the first impression of the company.

I appreciate your time and consideration. I am confident that my skills and passion make me a great fit for your team.

In this type of cover letter, draw attention to any transferable skills like communication, customer service, or administrative skills that would be useful in a front desk role. Highlight any relevant experiences that have prepared you for this role.

Loan Officer Job Cover Letter with No Experience Example

As a recent graduate of [University Name] with a degree in Finance, I am enthusiastic about the Loan Officer position at [Company Name]. While I lack direct experience in loan management, my academic background has prepared me for this role.

I have taken courses in [mention relevant coursework or projects], which have given me a solid understanding of financial principles and lending practices. My internship at [Company Name] further honed my financial analysis skills, which I am eager to apply at your esteemed company.

Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the opportunity to contribute to your team.

For roles like Loan Officer, emphasize your relevant education and any internships or similar experiences. Be sure to highlight any courses or projects related to finance and lending to demonstrate your preparedness for the role.

How do you Write a Cover Letter for an Impressive Job with No Experience?

1. Understand the Job Requirements: Read the job description thoroughly and understand what the employer is seeking. Take note of the key skills and qualifications required for the role.

2. Start with a Strong Introduction: The introduction should grab the reader’s attention. Begin by stating the position you’re applying for, and express your enthusiasm about the opportunity.

3. Highlight Relevant Skills: Even without direct experience, you likely have skills that are relevant to the job. Identify these skills and provide examples of how you’ve used them in the past. Use concrete examples from your academic, volunteer, or extracurricular experiences.

4. Show Your Passion and Enthusiasm: Employers want to hire individuals who are passionate about the job and the industry. Show your enthusiasm and commitment in the letter.

5. Show You’ve Done Your Research: Show that you’ve researched the company and understand its values, mission, and goals. Explain why you’re interested in the company and how you can contribute to its success.

6. End with a Strong Closing: Thank the employer for their time and express your interest in the opportunity to interview for the position. Be sure to provide your contact information.

Tips for Cover Letter with No Experience

1. Focus on Transferable Skills: Even if you don’t have direct experience, you likely have skills that are transferable to the job. These might include skills like communication, teamwork, problem-solving, or leadership.

2. Use the Right Keywords: Incorporate keywords from the job description in your cover letter. This can help your application get past applicant tracking systems and catch the eye of the hiring manager.

3. Provide Examples: Rather than simply stating that you have a particular skill, provide examples that demonstrate your abilities.

4. Show Enthusiasm: Employers are often willing to train individuals who show genuine enthusiasm for the role and the company.

5. Proofread Thoroughly: Ensure that your cover letter is free of errors. This shows the employer that you’re thorough and detail-oriented.

Writing a cover letter with no experience can be a challenge, but by focusing on your skills, passion, and enthusiasm for the role, you can create a compelling case for why you’re the right candidate for the job.

Navigating the job market with no experience can be challenging, but it’s not impossible. A well-crafted cover letter that highlights your skills, passion, and dedication can make a powerful impression on hiring managers, even if you’re lacking in direct experience. Keep these tips in mind and use the examples provided as a guide, and you’ll be well on your way to landing that first job.

Text prompt

• Instructive
• Professional

Write a cover letter for a college student applying for an internship at an educational technology company

Form a cover letter for a high school student seeking a part-time job at a local bookstore.

How to Address a Layoff in Your Cover Letter

Being laid off from your job can be difficult and confusing. To help you in your job search, we’ve explained how to address a layoff in your cover letter to help you land your dream job.

Whether you were laid off due to budget cuts or simply because your company was downsizing, it can be a difficult and confusing time.

It’s important to note that you’re not alone. Companies big and small across the biopharma industry have reported sizeable layoffs this year. Thus, many others may be in the same position.

If you’re currently on the job hunt due to a layoff, you may be wondering how to address your recent unemployment in your cover letter.

First, don’t panic. Being laid off is not the end of the world, and it certainly doesn’t mean that you’re unemployable. In fact, many employers understand that layoffs are often out of your control.

To help you in your job search, we’ve explained how to address a layoff in your cover letter to help you land your dream job.

Address the Layoff Head-On

It might be tempting to avoid mentioning your unemployment altogether, but that’s not the best strategy. Hiding information in your cover letter is never a good idea, and chances are your potential employer will find out eventually anyway. It’s always better to be upfront about any employment gaps in your history.

Giving an explanation for your unemployment is also a good idea. Whether you were laid off due to budget cuts or simply because your company was downsizing, make sure to mention it in your cover letter. You can even use this opportunity to explain how you handled the situation and what you learned from it.

For example, if you were laid off due to budget cuts, you might want to mention how you took the initiative to find new opportunities for growth within the company. Or if you were laid off because your company was downsizing, you could talk about how you helped with the transition and made sure that all of your projects were completed successfully.

Highlight Your Accomplishments

Just because you were laid off from your previous job does not mean you have nothing to offer a new employer. In fact, this is the perfect opportunity to highlight your accomplishments and show why you would be an asset to any company.

In your cover letter, make sure to mention any relevant skills that would further back up the narrative that you were not laid off because of any personal failings. Use specific examples and quantify your successes whenever possible.

For example, if you increased sales by 20% in your previous role, make sure to mention that in your cover letter. Or if you helped to streamline a process that saved your company time and money, be sure to include those details as well.

Date Employment by Year

The job market can be tough and being laid off can make it even harder to find a new job. If you were laid off from your job early last year and remained unemployed until recently, some employers might want to believe that you spent that entire time on the couch instead of job hunting. To combat these ill-preconceived notions, you can date periods of unemployment by year so that there are no gaps in your employment history.

Dating your employment history by year is perfectly acceptable, and it’s often the best way to deal with long gaps in employment. This way, potential employers will see that you’ve been actively looking for a job and haven’t just been unemployed for a year.

Keep it Positive

It’s important to remember that your cover letter is not the place to vent about your previous job or badmouth your old boss. Even if you were laid off due to company downsizing or budget cuts, it’s important to keep your cover letter positive. This is your chance to make a good impression on potential employers, so you want to make sure that you come across as professional and upbeat.

In your cover letter, focus on the positive aspects of your previous job and what you learned from the experience. If you were laid off, talk about how you handled the situation and what you learned from it. Whatever you do, avoid being negative or sounding bitter about your previous job.

Don’t Over-Emphasize the Layoff

While it’s important to address your unemployment in your cover letter, you don’t want the entire letter to be about it. Remember, the purpose of a cover letter is to show why you’re the best candidate for the job, not to explain why you’re unemployed. Keep the focus on your skills and accomplishments, and only mention your unemployment when it’s relevant to the job you’re applying for.

Remember, your cover letter is supposed to be about what you can do for the company. Obsessively highlighting a negative event in your past is not going to do you any favors. Do not give a winded speech about how hard you’ve been searching for a job or how much you want this particular job. Instead, focus on what makes you the best candidate and leave your unemployment out of it.

Any negative points regarding the cause of your unemployment should be countered with an even more impressive positive highlight of an accomplishment in your work history.

The Takeaway

Being laid off from your job is never easy, but it doesn’t have to be the end of the world. Just because you were laid off does not mean you’re not qualified for other jobs. In fact, being laid off can even give you an opportunity to reflect on your career and figure out what you really want to do. As long as you frame your unemployment in the right light, it should not have a negative impact on your job search.

Additionally, it’s important to remember that your cover letter is not the place to vent about how much you disliked your previous job or boss. This will only make you look bitter and unprofessional. Instead, focus on what you learned from the experience and how it made you a better employee. Highlight your accomplishments and show off your skills to prove that you’re the best candidate for the job.

With a little effort, you can overcome being laid off and get the job you really want.

This article was originally published on BioSpace in October 2022 and was updated to refer to recent layoffs in December 2023.

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How could a gunman get close enough to shoot and injure Trump? The Secret Service is investigating

WASHINGTON (AP) — The U.S. Secret Service is investigating how a gunman armed with an AR-style rifle was able to get close enough to shoot and injure former President Donald Trump at a rally Saturday in Pennsylvania, in a devastating failure of one of the agency’s core duties.

The FBI on Sunday identified the shooter as Thomas Matthew Crooks, 20, of Bethel Park, Pennsylvania.

READ MORE: The FBI named a suspect in the Trump assassination attempt. Here’s what we know

The gunman, who officials said was killed by Secret Service personnel, fired multiple shots at the stage from an “elevated position outside of the rally venue,” the agency said.

An Associated Press analysis of more than a dozen videos and photos taken at the Trump rally, as well as satellite imagery of the site, shows the shooter was able to get astonishingly close to the stage where the former president was speaking. A video posted to social media and geolocated by the AP shows Crooks’ body lying motionless on the roof of a manufacturing plant just north of the Butler Farm Show grounds, where Trump’s rally was held. A different image shows Crooks wearing a gray T-shirt with a black American flag on the right arm, with a bloody wound to his head.

The roof was fewer than 150 meters (164 yards) from where Trump was speaking, a distance from which a decent marksman could reasonably hit a human-sized target. For reference, 150 meters is a distance at which U.S. Army recruits must hit a human-sized silhouette to qualify with the M16 assault rifle in basic training. The AR-style rifle, like that of the gunman at the Trump rally, is the semiautomatic civilian version of the military M16.

President Joe Biden said Sunday he has directed an independent review of the security at the rally.

Biden said he also directed the U.S. Secret Service to review all security measures for the Republican National Convention, which begins Monday in Milwaukee. Audrey Gibson-Cicchino, the Secret Service’s coordinator for the convention, told reporters later the agency was satisfied with what she called its comprehensive planning for the Republican convention.

Biden urged Americans not to make assumptions about the motive of the shooter. He said investigators are working swiftly to investigate the attack.

“Unity is the most elusive goal of all,” he said, but “nothing is more important than that right now.”

Calls for an investigation came from all sides.

READ MORE: 5 things to know about the Trump rally shooting

Rep. Mark Green, a Tennessee Republican who chairs the House Committee on Homeland Security, sent a letter to Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas on Sunday raising questions about the shooting and demanding information about the former president’s Secret Service protection.

“The seriousness of this security failure and chilling moment in our nation’s history cannot be understated,” Green wrote.

The Secret Service did not have a speaker at a news conference Saturday night where FBI and Pennsylvania State Police officials briefed reporters on the shooting investigation. FBI Special Agent in Charge Kevin Rojek said it was “surprising” that the gunman was able to fire at the stage before he was killed.

Members of the Secret Service’s counter-sniper team and counterassault team were at the rally, according to two law enforcement officials. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they weren’t authorized to discuss details of the investigation.

The heavily armed counterassault team, whose Secret Service code name is “Hawkeye,” is responsible for eliminating threats so that other agents can shield and take away the person they are protecting. The counter-sniper team, known by the code name “Hercules,” uses long-range binoculars and is equipped with sniper rifles to deal with long-range threats.

Snipers stand on a roof at Republican presidential candidate and former President Donald Trump’s campaign rally in Butler, Pennsylvania, on July 13, 2024 in this picture obtained from social media. Glen Van Tryfle/TMX via Reuters

Mayorkas said his department and the Secret Service are working with law enforcement to investigate the shooting. Maintaining the security of presidential candidates and their campaign events is one of the department’s “most vital priorities,” he said.

“We condemn this violence in the strongest possible terms and commend the Secret Service for their swift action today,” Mayorkas said. “We are engaged with President Biden, former President Trump and their campaigns, and are taking every possible measure to ensure their safety and security.“

Green also noted reports that the Secret Service had rebuffed requests from the Trump campaign for additional security. A spokesman for the Secret Service, Anthony Guglielmi, said on X Sunday that those allegations were “absolutely false” and that they had added resources and technology as the campaign’s travel increased.

Green said he would be talking with Secret Service Director Kimberly Cheatle on Sunday.

READ MORE: Global leaders condemn assassination attempt targeting Trump

Former top Secret Service agents told The AP that Crooks should never have been allowed to gain access to the roof, and the agency will have to figure out how that happened. They said such a lapse could have been caused by officers neglecting their posts or a flaw in the event’s security plan.

The agency is “going to have to go through the security plan and interview a number of people from the director on down” to figure out what went wrong, said Stephen Colo, who retired in 2003 as an assistant director after a 27-year career in the service.

A drone view shows the stage where Republican presidential candidate and former President Donald Trump had been standing during an assassination attempt the day before, and the roof of a nearby building where a gunman was shot dead by law enforcement, in Butler, Pennsylvania, July 14, 2024. Photo by Carlos Osorio/Reuters

Colo said presidential candidates and former presidents don’t typically get the same level of protection as the sitting president. In fact, Colo said he was surprised that the agency had staffed the event with a counter-sniper team. Such a valuable resource — there are not many of those highly trained agents — is usually reserved for the president. Candidates don’t usually get such teams.

Timothy McCarthy, a former agent who retired from the agency in 1994, said the Secret Service “better be doing a deep dive into what happened there and doing whatever it takes to figure it out” because the gunman should not have been able to occupy such a vantage point.

“How did that person get up on that building?” said McCarthy, 75, who in 1981 took a bullet when President Ronald Reagan was shot outside the Washington Hilton Hotel. “How did that happen? I mean, that’s the key to the entire thing. And what measures were put in place to prevent it?”

READ MORE: What political leaders have said about the Trump rally shooting

James Comer, a Kentucky Republican who is the House Oversight Committee chairman, said he contacted the Secret Service for a briefing and called on Cheatle to appear for a hearing. Comer said his committee will send a formal invitation soon.

“Political violence in all forms is un-American and unacceptable. There are many questions and Americans demand answers,” Comer said in a statement.

U.S. Rep. Ritchie Torres, a New York Democrat, called for investigating “security failures” at the rally.

“The federal government must constantly learn from security failures in order to avoid repeating them, especially when those failures have implications for the nation,” Torres said.

Wisconsin Gov. Tony Evers, a Democrat, posted on X that he and his staff are in contact with security planning coordinators ahead of the Republican National Convention set to begin Monday in Milwaukee. “We cannot be a country that accepts political violence of any kind — that is not who we are as Americans,” Evers said.

The FBI said it will lead the investigation into the shooting, working with the Secret Service and local and state law enforcement.

Attorney General Merrick Garland said the Justice Department “will bring every available resource to bear to this investigation.”

“My heart is with the former President, those injured, and the family of the spectator killed in this horrific attack,” Garland said in a statement. “We will not tolerate violence of any kind, and violence like this is an attack on our democracy.”

Associated Press writers Del Quentin Wilber, Colleen Long and Zeke Miller in Washington contributed to this report.

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Rooftop where gunman shot at Trump was identified as a security vulnerability before rally: sources

The rooftop where a gunman shot at former President Donald Trump during a campaign rally was identified by the Secret Service as a potential vulnerability in the days before the event, two sources familiar with the agency’s operations told NBC News.

The building, owned by a glass research company, is adjacent to the Butler Farm Show, an outdoor venue in Butler, Pennsylvania. The Secret Service was aware of the risks associated with it, the sources said.

“Someone should have been on the roof or securing the building so no one could get on the roof,” said one of the sources, a former senior Secret Service agent who was familiar with the planning. 

Understanding how the gunman got onto the roof — despite those concerns — is a central question for investigators scrutinizing how a lone attacker managed to shoot at Trump during Saturday’s campaign event.

The Secret Service worked with local law enforcement to maintain event security, including sniper teams poised on rooftops to identify and eliminate threats, Secret Service spokesman Anthony Guglielmi said. But no officers were posted on the building used by the would-be assassin, outside the event’s security perimeter but only about 148 yards from the stage — within range of a semiautomatic rifle like the one the gunman was carrying.

The Secret Service had designated that rooftop as being under the jurisdiction of local law enforcement, a common practice in securing outdoor rallies, Guglielmi said.Butler County District Attorney Richard Goldinger said his office maintains an Emergency Services Unit team, which deployed four sniper teams and four “quick response teams” at the rally. But he said the Secret Service agents were in charge of security outside the venue. 

“They had meetings in the week prior. The Secret Service ran the show. They were the ones who designated who did what,” Goldinger said. “In the command hierarchy, they were top, they were No. 1.”

Goldinger said the commander of the Emergency Services Unit told him it was not responsible for securing areas outside the venue. “To me, the whole thing is under the jurisdiction of the Secret Service. And they will delineate from there,” he said.

The former senior Secret Service agent also said that even if local law enforcement “did drop the ball,” it’s still the agency’s responsibility “to ensure that they are following through either beforehand or in the moment.”

“Just because it is outside of the perimeter, it doesn’t take it out of play for a vulnerability, and you’ve got to mitigate it in some fashion,” the source added.

A volley of shots rang out minutes into Trump’s speech. He reached for his right ear — he said later it was pierced by a bullet — then dropped to the ground as Secret Service agents rushed to shield him. Trump emerged with blood on his ear and his face. One attendee was killed , and two others were injured.Witnesses listening to Trump’s speech from outside the event’s security perimeter recalled pointing out the gunman to law enforcement a couple of minutes before the shooting began. After the gunfire started, Secret Service personnel shot and killed the 20-year-old gunman, Thomas Matthew Crooks .

The clamor over the Secret Service’s biggest failure since the shooting of President Ronald Reagan in 1981 is coming from both political parties, from former agents and from security experts.

“My question is: How did he get onto that roof undetected?” said Anthony Cangelosi, a former Secret Service agent who worked on protective details for presidential candidates, including John Kerry in 2004.

The Secret Service’s work on campaign events like Saturday’s begins with advance planning, setting up a security perimeter and positioning teams on the ground and on rooftops — often in partnership with local law enforcement. The ground deployments include a counterassault team, and the rooftop personnel include counter-sniper teams.

Guglielmi, the Secret Service spokesman, said the agency had two of its counterassault agents at the event and filled out the rest of the platoon with at least six officers from Butler County tactical units. The Secret Service also deployed two counter-sniper teams. Two other security units needed for the event were staffed by local law enforcement agencies, Guglielmi said. Those details were first reported by The Washington Post.Investigators will want to examine the Secret Service’s site security plan for the rally, said Cangelosi, the former Secret Service agent. He expects they’ll discover one of two things: Either officials failed to make an effective plan for keeping potential shooters off the building Crooks fired from, or officers on the ground failed to execute the plan.

“I don’t like making any assumptions, but it does look like some mistakes were made, that this was preventable,” said Cangelosi, now a lecturer at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York.

Although it’s common to task local law enforcement agencies with patrolling outside an event’s security perimeter, Cangelosi said, the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that all vulnerabilities are covered rests with the Secret Service.

If officials had placed an officer on the building where the gunman fired from, Cangelosi said, chances are he “wouldn’t even attempt what he attempted.”

“You don’t surrender the discretion of what’s supposed to be done to the local police,” he said. “In other words, you guys have the outer perimeter, but you would want to say, ‘We need an officer on that roof.’ Not ‘that’s your responsibility; do what you see fit.’”

Jim Cavanaugh, a retired special agent in charge with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives who has worked on Secret Service details, told NBC News that while the Secret Service did a good job taking out the gunman after shots began, the failure to post officers on the building he scaled was “a tremendous lapse.”

“The only way to stop that is you have a lot of people, you get there first, and you command the high ground,” Cavanaugh said. “This is basic, and the Secret Service has done it for years successfully, so I’m really surprised that they did not have that high ground covered.”

The questions extended to Congress, where members demanded answers from the Secret Service and its parent agency, the Department of Homeland Security.“This raises serious concerns regarding how a shooter was able to access a rooftop within range and direct line of sight of where President Trump was speaking,” House Homeland Security Committee Chairman Mark Green, R-Tenn., wrote in a letter to Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas.

Green asked Mayorkas to provide documentation relating to the event’s security plan, the screening of attendees and the level of resources provided to Trump’s Secret Service detail. A committee spokesperson told NBC News that Republican members would hold a briefing with Secret Service Director Kimberly Cheatle on Monday “to voice their concerns and ask pressing questions.”

Another lawmaker, Rep. Ruben Gallego, D-Ariz., wrote Cheatle asking who approved the security plan, whether a proper threat assessment was conducted, whether attendees raised alarms and whether there were failures in following protocols that allowed the attack to happen.

“I call on all those responsible for the planning, approving, and executing of this failed security plan to be held accountable and to testify before Congress immediately,” Gallego wrote in a letter to Cheatle .

Robert McDonald, a former Secret Service agent who ran protection for Joe Biden when he was vice president, told NBC News that he believes the assassination attempt will prompt soul-searching and procedural changes at the agency.

“The Secret Service is going to need to ask some hard questions of itself here and be prepared to stand up and represent why, what happened,” McDonald said.

Cangelosi, the former Secret Service agent, said investigators are also likely to ask when agents identified Crooks as a potential threat, how they reacted and whether it’s possible they could have taken him down before he fired at Trump.Secret Service snipers are trained to make rapid decisions, he said. But it’s possible that if they noticed Crooks on the roof but couldn’t tell whether he had a rifle, agents might have waited to fire on him.

“If the sniper can’t tell whether he has a gun, he or she is not going to take the shot,” Cangelosi said. “Because God forbid it’s a child who’s just excited to see a political candidate, right? So you want to make sure that there’s actually a threat.”

If there was uncertainty, Cangelosi said, it’s possible the sniper team would have dispatched officers to investigate and confirm. But investigating a potential threat can take minutes, he said, while a gunman with a semiautomatic rifle can fire several shots in a matter of seconds.

That’s why, Cangelosi said, the best defense would have been to plan ahead to keep the shooter off the roof in the first place.

“Who wants to be in that position?” he said of the snipers protecting Trump on Saturday. “You’ve got to make a split-second call. And imagine if you’re wrong.”

Sarah Fitzpatrick is a senior investigative producer and story editor for NBC News. She previously worked for CBS News and "60 Minutes." 

Julia Ainsley is the homeland security correspondent for NBC News and covers the Department of Homeland Security for the NBC News Investigative Unit.

Mike Hixenbaugh is a senior investigative reporter for NBC News, based in Maryland, and author of "They Came for the Schools."

Andrea Mitchell is chief Washington correspondent and chief foreign affairs correspondent for NBC News.

Jon Schuppe is an enterprise reporter for NBC News, based in New York.