essay on global warming for ielts

IELTS Writing Task 2 Analysis (Global Warming) – Band 7

Let us find out what band score a candidate deserves by doing complete analysis of his IELTS writing task 2 below.

Global warming is increasing day by day. What are the causes of global warming and what can be done to eradicate this global problem.

Candidate’s Response:

Nowadays, existance of human being is threatened by a serious environmental cause know as global warming. The causes of global warming are multifactorial, thus needs a systematic approach from government organizations and individuals to tackle the issue.

To begin with, the important causes of current globalwarming are, firstly, the industrial revolution in the modern times has led to an increased release of gases into the atmosphere like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, to name a few, these gases are known to increase the temperature of the atmosphere by trapping ultraviolet rays into the earth’s atmosphere. Moreoover, population explosion has resulted in excessive dependence on fossil fuels for cars, public transport and railways, these machines emit a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

In addition, deforestation done by the humans for their habitat and agriculture has resulted in huge loss of trees who are the cleaners of combustion gases from the atmosphere. Furthermore, ozone layer is depleted from many parts of earth, thus allowing harmful rays of sun to enter the earth’s surface. The measures that government needs to take to solve or to reduce the global warming are, first of all, conserving the forest area by implementing strict norms and encouraging to plant more tree in the cities. Secondly, release of gases from industries should be reduced by instaling pollution control filters. Thirdly, discouraging use of fossil fuels for vehicles and promoting usage of renewable source of energy such as solar energy, tidal power and wind power.

To conclude, global warming is a very serious issue, which needs to be addressed at the priority. The government and all the individuals should join hands to reduce this eminent threat and save earth and future generations.

Let us try now do thorough analysis of the IELTS writing task 2 response as below:

Introduction

Paraphrasing of question is written well along with good use of vocabulary (multifactorial, systematic approach, tackle).

Corrected Erroneous Statement:

“existance” should be “existence”, “know as” should be “known as”, “thus needs a” can be “and thus it needs a”

Body Para 1

Sentence connectors (to begin with, moreover) are used, complex structures are used with good use of vocabulary (industrial revolution, excessive dependence) and causes are well explained.

“globalwarming” should be “global warming”, “like” can be written as “such as”, “these gases are known” should be “which are known”, “increase the temperature of the atmosphere” should be “increase the temperature of atmosphere”, “moreoover” should be “moreover”, “these machines emit” should be “which emit”

Body Para 2

Sentence connector (In addition, furthermore, secondly etc.) are used with good sign of coherence and solutions are also listed well.

“who are”should be “which are”, “earth, thus allowing” should be “earth, thus, allowing”, “instaling” should be “installing”, “discouraging use of fossil fuels” should be “discouraging the use of fossil fuels”, “and wind power” should be extended further to complete sentence as “and wind power can be the possible solutions”

Sentence connector (to conclude) is used, vocabulary (addressed, eminent threat) usage is good.

“save earth and future generations” should be “save earth as well as future generations”

Expected Band Score: Band 7

The candidate is writing free from errors of grammar or tense. But there are some mistakesof spelling, punctuation and others, to name a few.

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Global Warming Essays

by Anon (India)

This essay addresses all parts of the question. Ideas are fully developed with specific examples. Causes and their solutions are integrated with each other which makes a whole essay coherent.

As far as grammar is concerned, you have used the complex structure in the causes part, but in solutions, complex sentences could have been used to some extent.

Ideas are linked with each other, which can be seen clearly in both causes and solution paragraphs.

Overall, it is an impressive written essay. Keep it up the good work.

Jul 23, 2016

Thanks Arvind,

I appreciate your thoughts on the same and yes you are right that more complex structure could have been used in the solution part.

Thanks again :-)

Jul 25, 2016

Superb

Jul 26, 2016

Thanks Sachin, Could you please elaborate what you liked in the essay?m

Sep 02, 2016

good writing

Sep 04, 2016

THIS IS AMAZING

Feb 12, 2017

This essay is very good, simple, easily understandable. Good

Feb 24, 2017

good

Apr 04, 2017

Very well written essay!

Aug 05, 2017

it is reallyyyyy....nice it helps me for making my project on'Global Warming'

ONCE AGAIN
THANKS

Apr 16, 2019

It is a well-written essay.

Click here to add your own comments

Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to IELTS Essay Feedback Forum .

Causes and Solutions

Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. What are the causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue? No doubt that the most common problem these days is the global warming. This such fact is coming due to several reasons, and as the scientific claimed global changes could be solved if the individuals and governments put their hands together. This essay will discuss the main causes and possible solutions of the global warming. To begin with, there are plenty of factors which result in the global warming in the last decade. First of all, human reliance’s on the fossil fuel such as coal produce tremendous amount of the carbon dioxide in atmosphere, so this toxic gas is collected around the earth, preventing the heat to escape. Another significant aspect is deforestation, which has become obvious among the industrial companies. The huge cutting of trees and clearing the habitat extremely do not support trees to absorb the Co2 emission from the cars and fossil fuel. As a consequence, there would be an increase volume of polluted gases in land and air. Lastly, this phenomenon highly raises because of two crucial points, and in order to reduce it, we should consider number of measures. On the other hand, governments and individual might eliminate the global warming in many ways. Firstly, it is seemed that local governments could change the legislation related- cutting trees so that they would avoid the colossal losses of woodland each year. Moreover, offering the different source of energy, which the normal people would use it in the daily basis, decreases the amount of Co2. Regarding to the individuals, they must also prevent using the natural fuels as kind of energy and rely on the petrol or solar instead. Furthermore, public transportation tends to be less contaminated than the private cars, eventually, this may really help in maintaining the environment healthy. In conclude, Global warming is considered to be a severe. Although there are many reasons which cause this issue like fossil fuel and deforestation, variety of tools could be used by government and people in order to cease it and make the planet better place to live in. Please give me feedback on my global warming essay.


	good essay

Jan 18, 2015

Hi Anonymous,
Thank you very much for checking my essay
and I am happy to hear that from you

Jan 24, 2015

The essay is really good, but there are some grammar mistakes. The author should pay more attention to the usage of articles and prepositions.

Jan 24, 2015

good essay

Jan 24, 2015

the content of this writing in terms of ideas is satisfactory.
Organization is good.
However, structure needs a lot of repair in regard of definite and indefinite articles, verb tenses and coherence.
Vocabulary should be stronger and more varied in order to get high rating.

Jan 24, 2015

It's really the outermost.

Jan 24, 2015

Hi Yahya Hattab ,

Thank you very much for your comment.

Could you please give me an example of how I did mistakes in coherence because I am very sensitive for this ?. I really want to be perfect in coherence and cohesive .

Thanks you

Jan 24, 2015

Hi Shyam,

Thank you for your comment.

What do you mean by "it is really outermost" ?

Jan 26, 2015

Good Supporting
well-organized

Jan 27, 2015

The essay written is very gud, I think this is going to benefit the students.

Nov 03, 2019

i was memorized this essay and its very helpful in my ielts exams and as well as speaking task.. It's a very easy way to learn

Solutions to Global Warming

by Long (hong kong )

Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. What measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue? Global warming seems to be am irreversible trend as a consequence of social development. However, I believe there are several ways to reduce the impact of global warming in the world. to begin with, one of the main contributions to climate changes is the incautious use of fossil fuel, which leads to excessive greenhouse gas emission. Everyone should take part in reduction of the burning of fossil fuel by using public transport rather than private cars. If citizens could make an effort on saving electricity by using air conditioners less frequently, taking showers instead of baths or using energy saving electrics, less greenhouse gases will be emitted to the atmosphere. Besides reduction in consuming fuel, seeking energy alternatives is also crucial. More countries are turning to employ nuclear power as main energy supply because of its clearness. Other renewable energy, such as solar and tidal energy, are maturing in developing countries to replace the use of coal. With the advanced technologies, it is not difficult to change the global warming situation. In addition, the conservation of forests is important to maintain the sustainable ecosystem as the forests are responsible to absorb most of the carbon dioxide produced. However, human activities often lead to deforestation, the burning of tree by industrial means even releases more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Hence, by protecting the tropical forests, the temperature can be lowered world wide. Global warming is becoming a serious problem in the world. People should take consideration on these aspects to minimise the adverse effects it brings.

Owing to industrialization, there has been a huge impact on earth's atmosphere over the recent years which leads to devastating consequences. Global warming is undoubtedly the most debatable issue, and world leaders showing concern in order to save the planet. Following are the causes of global warming and the potential remedies in this regard.

Firstly, cause and effect is to be understood which consists of deforestation, green house effect, hole in ozone layer, increasing levels of hazardous gases in the earth's atmosphere. it is further associated with threatening effects which contribute towards global warming. Cutting down of forests for the building purposes is such a rife problem which is disturbing ecosystem. Pollution caused by industries leads to maintaining a thick layer of dangerous gases which is contributing towards rise in temperature of earth's surface. Third reason is the ozone layer depletion that is getting worse day by day, and thus allowing ultra-violet radiations coming down to this planet. Fourth reason might be the green house effect, that is the gradual rise in the earth's temperature due to pollution by vehicles and smoke as explained with the example of car whose glasses are covered and inside temperature is relatively higher than the outer actual temperature due to ozone layer binding the gases and not allowing to escape the heat to outer atmosphere and melting of ice glaciers taking place.

Numerous researchers conducted experiments and found effects on earth and statistics reveal the further effects. Planting a number of trees is indispensable and most easiest way out as a remedy. Smoke and any sort of unsafe gas releasing by artificial means of human activity needs to be minimized. Battery cars should be replaced with the conventional fuels as transportation industry is the major contributor towards pollution. In addendum, governments should look for eco-friendly approaches such as solar energy to educate each individual in this regard.

To recapitulate, in order to cope up with such a worldwide problem we need to unite with determination, however, it is a combined effort of nations. We should think of giving a beautiful planet to the upcoming generations.

Jan 04, 2017

I like the ending. Vocabulary needs big time improvement.

Sep 28, 2018

Humans as part of earths’ natural assets plays an essential role in the protection and control of environmental threats. Some people believe however, that individual participation alone is not enough to counter the massive distractions. I highly agree that governments shall take the appropriate role in reducing the damage of our ecosystem. This essay will highlight the reasons why I believe that government interventions on this issue will gained a positive result.

Obviously, governments can play much more an active role in addressing the greater impact of environmental damages which resulted in depletion of natural resources. They have wider access in regulating companies to adhere environmental policies and to utilize innovative technologies such as garbage utilization. Garbage pollution for instance, has become a serious environmental problem in any country today that caused contamination of water and air pollution. Dumping sites keep increasing daily and the odor spread and caused air pollution in the surrounding areas. In this light, governments can explore various types of ways to minimize the adverse effects on this pollution to environment and the human beings.

On the contrary, many people positively think that individual involvement can produce more in reducing the harmful effects to environment. Humans greatly contributed on the damages of the nature’s balance by continuously cutting trees and throwing rubbish on the streets thus our individual action towards environment protection has a huge impact. Unfortunately, environmental problem today is more difficult to tackle than before due to the nature of problem has changed. Individual ability is no longer enough to face the issues, for example, China dredging activity in West Philippines Sea where they are creating an artificial Island that caused an irreparable harm to environment. These activities represent a widespread damaged of corals ecosystems and it needs a geopolitical interventions to counter this global environmental threats.

In summary, controlling the environmental damages in a global scale involves mass participation that a government can effectively lead. If these powerful influences of the governments were to be tapped, then a long-term measures will be enforced towards these environmental issues.

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Global Warming Essay for IELTS: The Winning Strategy

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Updated on 30 July, 2024

Sunita, Kanika

Sunita Kadian

Ielts expert, kanika pruthi, sr. content writer & study abroad expert.

Global warming is a critical issue that has garnered widespread attention, making it a prevalent topic in IELTS essays. As global warming essay IELTS prompts frequently appear in recent IELTS exams, mastering this topic can significantly enhance one's chances of achieving a high score and securing admissions to top universities to study abroad.

The topic of global warming includes the necessity to address the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and ongoing environmental degradation. The topic's complexity and relevance provide a rich ground for showcasing analytical and critical thinking skills in the IELTS writing task 2.

Understanding ielts essay requirements on global warming, introduction, body paragraph 1, body paragraph 2, body paragraph 3, key points to cover in global warming essay, sample 1 for global warming ielts essay, download e-books for ielts preparation, sample 2 global warming essay for ielts, common mistakes & tips to avoid in global warming essays, tips to write an essay in task 2 of ielts, vocabulary and phrases to use in global warming essay.

Global Warming Essay IELTS PDF

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While writing a global warming essay IELTS prompt, candidates must take care of several essay requirements. Global warming essays are complex topics that should be organized and structured, showcasing insight and critical analysis, well-developed thinking, and logical arguments. So, candidates must express ideas in a logical and structured way and are expected to provide relevant arguments, explanations, or points of view.

In addition, it is necessary to be acquainted with the types of essays that need to be written. Opinion, discussion, and solution essays are some of the essay types you must be familiar with to better respond to the global warming writing task 2 prompt.

How to Structure Global Warming Essay for IELTS

Structuring your global warming essay effectively is key to achieving a high band score. A well-organized essay typically follows this structure:-

Introduce the topic of global warming, providing a brief overview and stating the essay's purpose.

Discuss the causes of global warming, such as greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and industrial activities.

Explain the effects of global warming, including rising temperatures, melting ice caps, and extreme weather events.

Propose solutions to mitigate global warming, like renewable energy, reforestation, and policy changes.

Summarize the main points and reiterate the importance of addressing global warming.

To craft a comprehensive global warming essay, cover the following key points:-

Causes: Detail human activities contributing to global warming, such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes.
Effects: Discuss the consequences, including climate change, sea-level rise, and adverse impacts on biodiversity and human health.
Solutions: Suggest practical solutions like adopting renewable energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency, and implementing strict environmental regulations.
Examples and Evidence: Use specific examples to support your arguments and make your essay more persuasive.

Global warming is one of the various climatic issues. Discuss the possible causes and offer measures to control the damage caused.

The scientific community of the world accepts the fact that our world has turned warmer. The temperature of the earth is seeing a steep rise. A shift in climatic conditions is an acute problem caused due to various aspects of global warming.

Climate scientists have concluded that measures should be taken to restrict the temperature rise if we have to avoid hazardous droughts, earthquakes, floods, and forest fires in the coming years. Today, we will understand the possible causes and the solutions to decrease the threat associated with global warming.

Firstly, the burning of fossil fuels is one of the prime causes of global warming. The increasing demand for cars and energy consumption has escalated the emission of fossil fuels like petroleum and coal.

Secondly, deforestation is a major cause behind the world turning warmer. Growing towns and cities are damaging the forests, which leads to deforestation. The forest absorbs a large amount of carbon monoxide. Due to deforestation, it is not being absorbed by the green plants, and it remains in the atmosphere in large amounts.

Several human activities cause global warming, but the major reason is the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide trap sunlight to raise the temperature above the optimal standards. This leads to a sharp rise in the temperature.

Another major reason is that the industries emit waste and hazardous chemicals into the air without treating them. These gases and harmful wastes have detrimental impacts on the environment. The temperature rise triggers various natural calamities like droughts, severe floods, and ice cap melting. The damage done cannot be altered. However, steps and measures need to be taken by both the government and individuals to reduce damage in the future.

To solve the above-stated issues, the government must regulate the emission of dangerous chemical waste and harmful carbon gases from industries. They should impose strict policies for the industries to control the harmful emission, by treating them before releasing them into the air. Industries need to come up with environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels.

Apart from the government, every individual needs to be alert. Various community awareness schemes and programs are important to educate the masses about the causes and impacts of global warming. Individuals need to decrease the demand for cars and use public transportation. Alternatives like CNG and electric vehicles should be considered. Household wastes should be dumped so that the environment is not harmed.

To conclude, global warming has harmful effects on mankind, the ecosystem, and wildlife. Individuals and government bodies are equally responsible for carrying out effective measures to control global warming. Effective strategies and awareness can at least reduce the harmful impacts of global warming. We should aim to make our earth - green, safe, and a happy place for lives to sustain.

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The damage caused by global warming is terrible. Discuss in the light of the statement.

Even a small rise in the temperature is enough to trigger dramatic changes throughout our planet. Global warming has detrimental effects on humankind, the ecosystem, and wildlife. The rise in temperature and the world turning out to be warmer have negative impacts. Global warming has imposed severe threats to various sections of life. Every year we gain new evidence on the negative impacts of global warming. To take measures and find solutions to global warming, we need to understand its negative impacts.

Firstly, the world has become hotter. Early snow melts and floods are common catastrophic conditions caused by global warming. The dramatic shortage of water will lead to forest fires. The wild habitat for thousands of species is endangered.

Secondly, the rising sea level will lead to severe flooding. These will lead to the loss of fisheries and agricultural fields.

Thirdly, the health of humans will also be affected. The warm conditions cause various health ailments like infections, skin problems, allergies, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis, and dengue fever are common due to the rise in temperature, air pollution, and the spread of pathogens.

Fourthly, plant and animal species are at risk. There are many endangered species and some are extremely vulnerable. The coral reefs and meadows are disrupted, leading to the loss of species. Deforestation is one of the major consequences of global warming. The loss of forest cover means fewer green lungs, more pollutants, and more harmful gases in the air. Deforestation leads to floods and soil erosion. Loss of forest cover accumulates carbon gases in the atmosphere that are unsafe for humans and wildlife.

Global Warming Essay IELTS PDF

For a comprehensive guide on global warming, download our IELTS Global Warming Essay sample PDF . This resource offers detailed insights, examples, and practice exercises to help you master this topic and boost your IELTS writing score.

Global warming is one of the most discussed topics in IELTS essays and needs a well-founded understanding before writing an essay. And the best way to write the required essays is to focus and concentrate on the topic's key aspects, avoid the typical mistakes and try to use some useful words here and there to present your ideas. Practice and preparation are crucial to achieving success in the IELTS exam , particularly on prevalent topics like global warming.

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How to talk about global warming in IELTS?

When discussing global warming in IELTS, clearly define the issue, explain its causes and effects, and propose solutions. Use relevant examples and data, and maintain a logical structure in your essay. Focus on demonstrating a balanced perspective and showcasing your critical thinking skills.

What is a short global warming essay?

A short global warming essay concisely addresses the causes, effects, and solutions of global warming, typically within 250-300 words. It should have a clear introduction, two or three body paragraphs, and a conclusion, emphasizing key points with relevant examples.

What are some global warming essay IELTS topics?

Common global warming essay topics for IELTS include exploring the primary causes of global warming, its effects on the environment, and the measures needed to mitigate it. Other topics might focus on combating global warming or the impact of industrialization on the environment. These topics provide a wide scope for discussing various aspects of global warming, offering opportunities to present well-rounded arguments supported by evidence.

How can I develop strong arguments about global warming for my IELTS essay?

To develop strong arguments in your global warming essay, start by researching and gathering reliable data on the topic. Use cause-effect reasoning to explain the issue comprehensively. Propose realistic and practical solutions supported by evidence, ensuring your essay is structured logically. Each point should build on the previous one, creating a cohesive and persuasive argument. Incorporate diverse examples to reinforce your points and demonstrate a deep understanding of the topic.

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Kanika has 5+ years of experience as a writer and content developer. She has written for a wide range of industry verticals, including hospitality, restaurants, non-profits, finance, IT, HR, technology, payroll, and education. She has worked as a creator for a few leading companies and has also helped brands grow through her creative writing.

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Global Warming Reading Ielts Answers and Questions

Stay informed and prepared for success – Explore our comprehensive Reading Test Info page to get valuable insights, exam format details, and expert tips for mastering the IELTS Reading section .

Global Warming Passage

A. Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic development is causing global warming. According to an increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this is media hype cud how much is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the ease, that it depends on which expert you listen to, or which statistics you study. Yes, It is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world’s leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have frown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over, the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however, are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing flint has always been part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists in the United States showed that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the lust hundred years was our own fault – the rest attributed it to natural cyclical changes.

D. So should we pay any attention to those stories that scream out at us from billboards and television news headlines, claiming that man, with his inexhaustible dependence on oil-based machinery and ever more sophisticated forms of transport is creating a nightmare level of greenhouse gas emissions, poisoning his environment and ripping open the ozone layer? Doubters point to scientific evidence, which can prove that, of all the greenhouse gases, only two percent come From man-made sources, the rest resulting from natural emissions. Who, then, to believe: the environmentalist exhorting us to leave the car at home, to buy re-usable products packaged in recycled paper and to plant trees in our back yard? Or the sceptics, including, of course, a lot of big businesses who have most to lose, when they tell us that we are making a mountain out of a molehill? And my own opinion? The jury’s still out as for as I am concerned!

Renewable Energy IELTS Reading Question with Answer

Questions (h3)

1) The author … A believes that man is causing global warming B believes that global warming is a natural process C is sure what the causes of global warming are D does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are

3) More than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States are of the opinion that.. . A global warming should make us lose sleep B global warming is not the result oil natural cyclical changes, but man-made C the consequences of global warming will be deviating D global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes

4) Our understanding of weather… A leads to reliable predictions B Is variable C cannot be denied D is not very developed yet

Do the statements below agree with the information in Reading Passage? In Boxes 6-11, write: Yes if the statement agrees with the information in the passage No if the statement contradicts the information in the passage Not Given if there ls no information about the statement in the passage

Synaesthesia reading questions and answers, south pole adventurer answers and questions.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions Per Person – IELTS Writing Task 1

Updated On Nov 06, 2023

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The Writing module of IELTS is divided into two parts – Task 1 and Task 2. You will be expected to write a paragraph on a visual representation or a diagram for IELTS Writing Task 1 in the IELTS Academic. Line graphs may be one of several graphical forms. Here, we will write a report based on a line graph that shows average carbon dioxide emissions per person.

Before going through the sample answer to learn the way the answer is written for a line graph, go through tips and sample questions to solve this type of question.

Writing a report in the IELTS exam requires a structured approach to effectively present information and analysis. Here are the steps to write a report for IELTS Writing Task 1:

Step 1: Understand the Question Prompt

Carefully read the essay prompt to ensure you understand the topic, the specific question being asked, and any instructions or guidelines provided.

Step 2: Plan Your Response

Take a few minutes to brainstorm and plan your essay. Consider the key points you want to include in your report and the overall structure of your essay.

Step 3: Write the Introduction

Begin your essay with a clear and concise introduction. Start with a brief overview of the topic or issue you will be addressing. Include the purpose of your report and a preview of the main points you will discuss.

Step 4: Present the Information

In the body of your report, present the information in a logical and organized manner. Use headings and subheadings to divide the content into sections. Provide detailed information, facts, data, or findings related to the topic. Use clear and concise language to convey the information.

Step 5: Analyze the Information

Analyze the information you’ve presented in the report. Identify patterns, trends, or relationships within the data. Draw conclusions or make recommendations based on your analysis.

Step 6: Write the Conclusion

Summarize the key findings or points from your report. Restate the purpose of the report and any conclusions or recommendations you’ve made. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion.

Step 7: Proofread and Edit

Carefully review your report for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and clarity. Ensure that the information is well-organized and follows a logical flow.

Take a look at the IELTS sample line graph and see how it has been organised.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task .

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions Per Person Graph

– Begin your answer by paraphrasing the question with appropriate synonyms for the words in the question. – In the second paragraph, write the general information that the graph provides. – Compare the CO2 emissions in the countries for some of the given years as presented in the graph. – Compare the CO2 emissions in the countries for the remaining period as shown in the graph.

Sample Answer

The line graph illustrates the average carbon dioxide emissions that people in four different nations – the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal – between 1967 and 2007 generated.

Overall , average CO2 emissions from people in the U.K. and Sweden decreased, but emissions from residents in Italy and Portugal dramatically increased . Despite the continuous decline, U.K. common emissions during these 40 years were the highest.

Nearly 11 metric tonnes were emitted per person on average in 1967 in the U.K. However , by 2007, that had decreased to about 9 metric tonnes. Comparatively , in 1967, Sweden’s average CO2 emissions per person were close to 9 metric tonnes. Although the emissions peaked in 1977 at around 11 metric tonnes, they then steadily decreased until they reached just 5.5 metric tonnes in 2007.

On the other hand , between 1967 and 2007, carbon dioxide emissions per person rose in Portugal and Italy. Starting at slightly over 4 metric tonnes in 1967 and finishing at almost 8 metric tonnes four decades later, Italy’s CO2 emissions nearly doubled . Meanwhile , Portugal’s CO2 emissions almost doubled. While in 1967, the average per person was only 1.5 metric tonnes, in 2007, the emissions matched Sweden’s average at 5.5 metric tonnes.

Illustrates (Verb)

Meaning: To show or demonstrate something clearly.

Eg: The line graph illustrates the changes in CO2 emissions over the years.

Emissions (Noun)

Meaning: The release or discharge of gases or substances, often into the atmosphere.

Eg: Carbon dioxide emissions have a significant impact on global warming.

Dramatically (Adverb)

Meaning: In a sudden, striking, or remarkable manner.

Eg: The cost of renewable energy has dramatically decreased in recent years.

Decline (Noun)

Meaning: A decrease or reduction in quantity or quality.

Eg: There has been a significant decline in the use of fossil fuels.

Steadily (Adverb)

Meaning: In a regular, even, and continuous manner.

Eg: The company’s profits have been steadily increasing.

Per capita (Phrase)

Meaning: For each individual or person.

Eg: Carbon emissions per capita vary widely between countries.

Peaked (Verb)

Meaning: Reached the highest point or maximum level.

Eg: The demand for the product peaked during the holiday season.

Matched (Verb)

Meaning: Corresponded or equaled in value or quantity.

Eg: Portugal’s CO2 emissions in 2007 matched Sweden’s average levels.

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Have you got a quick report in your mind for the question we discussed?

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Environment Essay Titles

Below are examples of IELTS Environmental writing task 2 questions.

Human activity has had a negative impact on plants and animals around the world. Some people think that this cannot be changed, while others believe actions can be taken to bring about a change. Discuss both and give your opinion. (Reported 2017, Academic Test)

It is often said that governments spend too much money on projects to protect wildlife, while there are other problems that are more important? Do you agree or disagree? (Reported 2017, GT Test)

Some people think the best way to solve global environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (Reported 2017, Academic Test)

Some people think an international car-free day is an effective way to reduce air pollution. Others think there are more effective ways do to this. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. (Reported 2017, Academic Test)

While some people consider global warming to be the most pressing environmental problem which we have at the moment, others believe that deforestation has a more devastating impact on our world. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

The government should reduce the amount of money spent on local environmental problems and instead increase funding into urgent and more threatening issues such as global warming. To what extent do you agree?

With increasing populations and ever growing urban centers, many countries are losing their natural beauty spots. What benefits are there to protecting places of natural beauty? How can this be solved?

Although many people value their public parks, this space could be better used for other purposes such as residential areas for the ever growing population or to develop business and boost economies. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this?

With deforestation, urban development and illegal hunting, many animal species are becoming endangered as they lose their habitat and some are even threatened to the point of extinction. Do you think it is important to protect animals? What measures can be taken to deal with this problem?

Global warming is one of the biggest threats to our environment. What causes global warming? What solutions are there to this problem?

Both governments and individuals are spending vast amounts of money protecting animals and their habitat. This money could be better spent dealing with fundamental issues in society such as poverty and health care. To what extent do you agree?

As a result of growth in some urban centers, the environment in those cities is deteriorating. How could this issue be tackled by both the government and individuals?

Some people think that current environmental issues are global problems and should therefore be dealt with by the government while others believe that these problems can only be tackled by individuals. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

Global environmental issues are the responsibility of rich nations not of poorer nations. Do you agree with this opinion?

Many people believe that global environmental problems should be dealt with internationally rather than domestically. What is your opinion?

Many animals are being hunted to the brink of extinction in order to fulfil the demand and greed of mankind for decorative purposes as well as for other reasons, such as traditional medicine. How can this issue be tackled?

Restricting air travel is the only way to prevent air pollution. Do you agree?

Reported essay questions are from students who have taken their IELTS test. These questions may vary slightly in wording from the original question.

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Ielts writing task 2 sample 517 - global warming is one of the most serious issues, ielts writing task 2/ ielts essay:, global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. what are the causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue .

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IELTS writing vocabulary: the environment

Home » IELTS vocabulary » IELTS writing vocabulary: the environment

Learning new words for your exam is important so we've compiled a list of new terms to help you broaden your vocabulary for your IELTS exam .


Climate change	Negative changes to the world weather patterns
Land degradation	Soil and land pollution as as desertification
fossil fuels	energy resources like gas and oil
global warming	an increase in temperature all-over the world, as a result of greenhouse effect
natural disaster	an event like an earthquake, hurricane etc
Acid rain	Rain which is polluted by chemicals
endangered species	animals or plants are on the verge of extinction
Natural environment	the place where animals and plants would normally be found
Greenhouse effect	the gradual warming of the air surrounding the Earth as a result of heating trapped by pollution
paper recycling	the processes of reprocessing waste paper for reuse
Resource depletion	Lack of natural resources worldwide
Marine pollution	The pollution of our oceans and seas
greenhouse effect	heating of the atmosphere due to the carbon dioxide and other gases
Man-made disaster	widespread damage or loss of life brought about by action of humans
Overpopulation	The increasing population of the world
toxic waste	poisonous rubbish, produced by industrial processes
Wildlife conservation	to protect animals and plants and their habitats
bio-diversity	a diversity in nature, among plants and animals

Collocations and examples sentences

Political issue : There are many political issues in America such as women’s rights and immigration.

Climate crisis : There are many political issues in America such as women’s rights and immigration.

Global warming : Global warming is causing polar bears in the north and deep south to die.

Green consumer : Becoming a green consumer can help fix the climate crisis in the world.

Carbon emissions : Reducing our carbon emissions can slow down the effects of global warming on our planet.

Historical average : The temperatures have risen and beaten the historical average.

Current levels : The current levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are dangerously high.

Carbon footprint : Every person must reduce their carbon footprint by mindfully treating the environment better.

Climate solutions : There are many climate solutions that can help our planet, but we all must do our part to make a change.

5 questions eliciting the collocations:

1. What does Al Gore suggest we can do about the climate crisis?

2. How are cars and trucks contributing to climate change in a negative way?

3. What does it mean to be a green consumer?

4. How does Al Gore think you can be a catalyst of change as an individual?

5. Why isn’t climate change a political issue according to Gore?

Video: Listen to the topic vocabulary in use

Task 2 sample essay - with collocations removed (gap fill task).

People are creating more waste and garbage today and it is negatively affecting our planet by causing _______ ______ of carbon dioxide emissions to rise and the _______ ______ to get worse. We must fix this issue with _______ _________ that will reduce our personal waste and, in turn, reduce our ______ __________.

Firstly, we must stop creating so much garbage by becoming _____ _________ . We have to be mindful of our use and learn to be more environmentally friendly. Studies show that the __________ _______ of temperatures has been exceeded and this is related to our amount of waste. We need to recycle more and emit less. Otherwise, our ______ _________ will continue to increase.

Secondly, we need to fix the climate crisis on a personal level. We cannot consider ______ _______ a _________ _____, because we all need to participate in making a change. Scientists agree that in order to make a difference and reduce our garbage, we need to drive our cars less, stop drinking bottled water, and recycle and throw away our trash. With each person making these small changes, we can make a big difference in the world when it comes to climate change.

In conclusion, the amount of garbage we put out in the world is affecting us negatively and causing climates to rise. We must make changes and make them fast in order to fix this issue. Together, we can make a difference.

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Essay on Global Warming

Updated on
Apr 27, 2024

Being able to write an essay is an integral part of mastering any language. Essays form an integral part of many academic and scholastic exams like the SAT, and UPSC amongst many others. It is a crucial evaluative part of English proficiency tests as well like IELTS, TOEFL, etc. Major essays are meant to emphasize public issues of concern that can have significant consequences on the world. To understand the concept of Global Warming and its causes and effects, we must first examine the many factors that influence the planet’s temperature and what this implies for the world’s future. Here’s an unbiased look at the essay on Global Warming and other essential related topics.

Short Essay on Global Warming and Climate Change?

Since the industrial and scientific revolutions, Earth’s resources have been gradually depleted. Furthermore, the start of the world’s population’s exponential expansion is particularly hard on the environment. Simply put, as the population’s need for consumption grows, so does the use of natural resources , as well as the waste generated by that consumption.

Climate change has been one of the most significant long-term consequences of this. Climate change is more than just the rise or fall of global temperatures; it also affects rain cycles, wind patterns, cyclone frequencies, sea levels, and other factors. It has an impact on all major life groupings on the planet.

What is Global Warming?

Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century, primarily due to the greenhouse gases released by people burning fossil fuels . The greenhouse gases consist of methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapour, and chlorofluorocarbons. The weather prediction has been becoming more complex with every passing year, with seasons more indistinguishable, and the general temperatures hotter.

The number of hurricanes, cyclones, droughts, floods, etc., has risen steadily since the onset of the 21st century. The supervillain behind all these changes is Global Warming. The name is quite self-explanatory; it means the rise in the temperature of the Earth.

What are the Causes of Global Warming?

According to recent studies, many scientists believe the following are the primary four causes of global warming:

Deforestation
Greenhouse emissions
Carbon emissions per capita

Extreme global warming is causing natural disasters , which can be seen all around us. One of the causes of global warming is the extreme release of greenhouse gases that become trapped on the earth’s surface, causing the temperature to rise. Similarly, volcanoes contribute to global warming by spewing excessive CO2 into the atmosphere.

The increase in population is one of the major causes of Global Warming. This increase in population also leads to increased air pollution . Automobiles emit a lot of CO2, which remains in the atmosphere. This increase in population is also causing deforestation, which contributes to global warming.

The earth’s surface emits energy into the atmosphere in the form of heat, keeping the balance with the incoming energy. Global warming depletes the ozone layer, bringing about the end of the world. There is a clear indication that increased global warming will result in the extinction of all life on Earth’s surface.

Also Read: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources

Solutions for Global Warming

Of course, industries and multinational conglomerates emit more carbon than the average citizen. Nonetheless, activism and community effort are the only viable ways to slow the worsening effects of global warming. Furthermore, at the state or government level, world leaders must develop concrete plans and step-by-step programmes to ensure that no further harm is done to the environment in general.

Although we are almost too late to slow the rate of global warming, finding the right solution is critical. Everyone, from individuals to governments, must work together to find a solution to Global Warming. Some of the factors to consider are pollution control, population growth, and the use of natural resources.

One very important contribution you can make is to reduce your use of plastic. Plastic is the primary cause of global warming, and recycling it takes years. Another factor to consider is deforestation, which will aid in the control of global warming. More tree planting should be encouraged to green the environment. Certain rules should also govern industrialization. Building industries in green zones that affect plants and species should be prohibited.

Effects of Global Warming

Global warming is a real problem that many people want to disprove to gain political advantage. However, as global citizens, we must ensure that only the truth is presented in the media.

This decade has seen a significant impact from global warming. The two most common phenomena observed are glacier retreat and arctic shrinkage. Glaciers are rapidly melting. These are clear manifestations of climate change.

Another significant effect of global warming is the rise in sea level. Flooding is occurring in low-lying areas as a result of sea-level rise. Many countries have experienced extreme weather conditions. Every year, we have unusually heavy rain, extreme heat and cold, wildfires, and other natural disasters.

Similarly, as global warming continues, marine life is being severely impacted. This is causing the extinction of marine species as well as other problems. Furthermore, changes are expected in coral reefs, which will face extinction in the coming years. These effects will intensify in the coming years, effectively halting species expansion. Furthermore, humans will eventually feel the negative effects of Global Warming.

Also Read: Concept of Sustainable Development

Sample Essays on Global Warming

Here are some sample essays on Global Warming:

Essay on Global Warming Paragraph in 100 – 150 words

Global Warming is caused by the increase of carbon dioxide levels in the earth’s atmosphere and is a result of human activities that have been causing harm to our environment for the past few centuries now. Global Warming is something that can’t be ignored and steps have to be taken to tackle the situation globally. The average temperature is constantly rising by 1.5 degrees Celsius over the last few years.

The best method to prevent future damage to the earth, cutting down more forests should be banned and Afforestation should be encouraged. Start by planting trees near your homes and offices, participate in events, and teach the importance of planting trees. It is impossible to undo the damage but it is possible to stop further harm.

Essay on Global Warming in 250 Words

Over a long period, it is observed that the temperature of the earth is increasing. This affected wildlife, animals, humans, and every living organism on earth. Glaciers have been melting, and many countries have started water shortages, flooding, and erosion and all this is because of global warming.

No one can be blamed for global warming except for humans. Human activities such as gases released from power plants, transportation, and deforestation have increased gases such as carbon dioxide, CFCs, and other pollutants in the earth’s atmosphere. The main question is how can we control the current situation and build a better world for future generations. It starts with little steps by every individual.

Start using cloth bags made from sustainable materials for all shopping purposes, instead of using high-watt lights use energy-efficient bulbs, switch off the electricity, don’t waste water, abolish deforestation and encourage planting more trees. Shift the use of energy from petroleum or other fossil fuels to wind and solar energy. Instead of throwing out the old clothes donate them to someone so that it is recycled.

Donate old books, don’t waste paper. Above all, spread awareness about global warming. Every little thing a person does towards saving the earth will contribute in big or small amounts. We must learn that 1% effort is better than no effort. Pledge to take care of Mother Nature and speak up about global warming.

Essay on Global Warming in 500 Words

Global warming isn’t a prediction, it is happening! A person denying it or unaware of it is in the most simple terms complicit. Do we have another planet to live on? Unfortunately, we have been bestowed with this one planet only that can sustain life yet over the years we have turned a blind eye to the plight it is in. Global warming is not an abstract concept but a global phenomenon occurring ever so slowly even at this moment. Global Warming is a phenomenon that is occurring every minute resulting in a gradual increase in the Earth’s overall climate. Brought about by greenhouse gases that trap the solar radiation in the atmosphere, global warming can change the entire map of the earth, displacing areas, flooding many countries, and destroying multiple lifeforms. Extreme weather is a direct consequence of global warming but it is not an exhaustive consequence. There are virtually limitless effects of global warming which are all harmful to life on earth. The sea level is increasing by 0.12 inches per year worldwide. This is happening because of the melting of polar ice caps because of global warming. This has increased the frequency of floods in many lowland areas and has caused damage to coral reefs. The Arctic is one of the worst-hit areas affected by global warming. Air quality has been adversely affected and the acidity of the seawater has also increased causing severe damage to marine life forms. Severe natural disasters are brought about by global warming which has had dire effects on life and property. As long as mankind produces greenhouse gases, global warming will continue to accelerate. The consequences are felt at a much smaller scale which will increase to become drastic shortly. The power to save the day lies in the hands of humans, the need is to seize the day. Energy consumption should be reduced on an individual basis. Fuel-efficient cars and other electronics should be encouraged to reduce the wastage of energy sources. This will also improve air quality and reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Global warming is an evil that can only be defeated when fought together. It is better late than never. If we all take steps today, we will have a much brighter future tomorrow. Global warming is the bane of our existence and various policies have come up worldwide to fight it but that is not enough. The actual difference is made when we work at an individual level to fight it. Understanding its import now is crucial before it becomes an irrevocable mistake. Exterminating global warming is of utmost importance and each one of us is as responsible for it as the next.

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Essay on Global Warming UPSC

Always hear about global warming everywhere, but do we know what it is? The evil of the worst form, global warming is a phenomenon that can affect life more fatally. Global warming refers to the increase in the earth’s temperature as a result of various human activities. The planet is gradually getting hotter and threatening the existence of lifeforms on it. Despite being relentlessly studied and researched, global warming for the majority of the population remains an abstract concept of science. It is this concept that over the years has culminated in making global warming a stark reality and not a concept covered in books. Global warming is not caused by one sole reason that can be curbed. Multifarious factors cause global warming most of which are a part of an individual’s daily existence. Burning of fuels for cooking, in vehicles, and for other conventional uses, a large amount of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, and methane amongst many others is produced which accelerates global warming. Rampant deforestation also results in global warming as lesser green cover results in an increased presence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which is a greenhouse gas. Finding a solution to global warming is of immediate importance. Global warming is a phenomenon that has to be fought unitedly. Planting more trees can be the first step that can be taken toward warding off the severe consequences of global warming. Increasing the green cover will result in regulating the carbon cycle. There should be a shift from using nonrenewable energy to renewable energy such as wind or solar energy which causes less pollution and thereby hinder the acceleration of global warming. Reducing energy needs at an individual level and not wasting energy in any form is the most important step to be taken against global warming. The warning bells are tolling to awaken us from the deep slumber of complacency we have slipped into. Humans can fight against nature and it is high time we acknowledged that. With all our scientific progress and technological inventions, fighting off the negative effects of global warming is implausible. We have to remember that we do not inherit the earth from our ancestors but borrow it from our future generations and the responsibility lies on our shoulders to bequeath them a healthy planet for life to exist.

Climate Change and Global Warming Essay

Global Warming and Climate Change are two sides of the same coin. Both are interrelated with each other and are two issues of major concern worldwide. Greenhouse gases released such as carbon dioxide, CFCs, and other pollutants in the earth’s atmosphere cause Global Warming which leads to climate change. Black holes have started to form in the ozone layer that protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays.

Human activities have created climate change and global warming. Industrial waste and fumes are the major contributors to global warming.

Another factor affecting is the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and also one of the reasons for climate change. Global warming has resulted in shrinking mountain glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland, and the Arctic and causing climate change. Switching from the use of fossil fuels to energy sources like wind and solar.

When buying any electronic appliance buy the best quality with energy savings stars. Don’t waste water and encourage rainwater harvesting in your community.

Tips to Write an Essay

Writing an effective essay needs skills that few people possess and even fewer know how to implement. While writing an essay can be an assiduous task that can be unnerving at times, some key pointers can be inculcated to draft a successful essay. These involve focusing on the structure of the essay, planning it out well, and emphasizing crucial details.

Mentioned below are some pointers that can help you write better structure and more thoughtful essays that will get across to your readers:

Prepare an outline for the essay to ensure continuity and relevance and no break in the structure of the essay
Decide on a thesis statement that will form the basis of your essay. It will be the point of your essay and help readers understand your contention
Follow the structure of an introduction, a detailed body followed by a conclusion so that the readers can comprehend the essay in a particular manner without any dissonance.
Make your beginning catchy and include solutions in your conclusion to make the essay insightful and lucrative to read
Reread before putting it out and add your flair to the essay to make it more personal and thereby unique and intriguing for readers

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Ans. Both natural and man-made factors contribute to global warming. The natural one also contains methane gas, volcanic eruptions, and greenhouse gases. Deforestation, mining, livestock raising, burning fossil fuels, and other man-made causes are next.

Ans. The government and the general public can work together to stop global warming. Trees must be planted more often, and deforestation must be prohibited. Auto usage needs to be curbed, and recycling needs to be promoted.

Ans. Switching to renewable energy sources , adopting sustainable farming, transportation, and energy methods, and conserving water and other natural resources.

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Digvijay Singh

Having 2+ years of experience in educational content writing, withholding a Bachelor's in Physical Education and Sports Science and a strong interest in writing educational content for students enrolled in domestic and foreign study abroad programmes. I believe in offering a distinct viewpoint to the table, to help students deal with the complexities of both domestic and foreign educational systems. Through engaging storytelling and insightful analysis, I aim to inspire my readers to embark on their educational journeys, whether abroad or at home, and to make the most of every learning opportunity that comes their way.

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Band 6+: Developed countries have created many environmental problems is the world, particularly in their contribution to global warming. Why is global warming a problem? What can be done to reduce the dangers of global warming?

Lately, the leading nations have caused a lot of harm towards the environment, especially in terms of global warming. Albeit many efforts made such as campaigning to raise awareness, it remains as one of the most critical problem in the world.

There are many answers to why global warming is a common threat now faced by everyone on Earth. Firstly, the name itself is self-explanatory, the increasing of temperature globally. The aftermath of this action is the melting of ice caps on the Antarctic, setting of a chain reaction such as rising sea levels and the extinction of species living in the area. Additionally, the damaged ozone layer caused by the rise in temperature will allow harmful Ultra Violet Light to penetrate through.

To reduce the dangers, governments must be proactive in raising public awareness. Regulations should be made to reduce the greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide produced in a country. For instance, in Indonesia, the local council starts to put a car free day program into action. Though only several parts of the city that has started implementing this, however, it is said that the pollution levels are starting to fall. Another example is in Hangzhou, the city metro has just been expanded due to the Asian Games that was held recently. Surprisingly, the statistics show that the emissions of harmful gases have fall significantly.

In conclusion, despite global warming being a major environmental problem, there are many ways to minimize the effects and improve the wellbeing of people living on Earth.

Check Your Own Essay On This Topic?

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Surging Methane Emissions Could Be a Sign of a Major Climate Shift

New studies suggest global warming boosts natural methane releases, which could undermine efforts to cut emissions of the greenhouse gas from fossil fuels and agriculture..

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A view of the Pantanal wetlands in Brazil. New research shows a large chunk of global methane emissions are from rotting vegetation in tropical wetlands. Credit: Carl de Souza/AFP via Getty Images

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A 2021 pledge by more than 100 nations to cut methane emissions from anthropogenic sources 30 percent by 2030 might not slow global warming as much as projected, as new research shows that feedbacks in the climate system are boosting methane emissions from natural sources, especially tropical wetlands.

A new trouble spot is in the Arctic, where scientists recently found unexpectedly large methane emissions in winter. And globally, the increase in water vapor caused by global warming is slowing the rate at which methane breaks down in the atmosphere. If those feedbacks intensify, scientists said, it could outpace efforts to cut methane from fossil fuel and other human sources.

Methane traps about 80 times more heat than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period and scientists estimate it’s responsible for 20 to 30 percent of climate warming since the start of the industrial age, when atmospheric methane was at a concentration of about 0.7 parts per million. It has zig-zagged upward since then, spiking with the first fossil gas boom in the 1980s, then leveling off slightly before a huge surge started in the early 2000s. The amount of methane in the atmosphere reached about 1.9 ppm in 2023, nearly three times the pre-industrial level.

About 60 percent of methane emissions are from fossil fuel use, farming, landfills and waste, with the rest coming from rotting vegetation in wetlands in the tropics and Northern Hemisphere. In a paper published July 30 in Frontiers in Science, an international team of researchers wrote that “Rapid reductions in methane emissions this decade are essential to slowing warming in the near future … and keeping low-warming carbon budgets within reach.”

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The scientists found that the abrupt surge in methane emissions in the early 2000s is probably due mainly to the response of wetlands to warming, with additional contributions coming from fossil fuel use, “implying that anthropogenic emissions must decrease more than expected to reach a given warming goal.”

Increasing rainfall, a well-documented impact of global warming, is making wetlands larger and wetter, and a warmer world fosters more plant growth, which means more decomposing material that emits methane.

The increase of methane from natural sources should spur even more efforts to cut emissions wherever possible, including from fossil fuel use and agriculture, said lead author Drew Shindell , an Earth scientist with Duke University’s Nicholas School of the Environment.

Recent measurements by a specially equipped jet show that methane emissions from oil and gas operations in the United States are more than four times higher than EPA estimates and eight times greater than fossil industry targets. Addressing methane emissions from anthropogenic sources is a crucial part of the climate action equation, Shindell said, including those from agriculture.

“If we reduced those we’d see a large decrease in atmospheric concentrations,” he said. “But cutting emissions from agriculture in particular is improbable in the near-term, and maybe even in the long term.”

The study re-affirmed that rapid methane cuts are “essential to slowing warming in the near future, limiting overshoot by the middle of the century and keeping low-warming carbon budgets within reach.” The researchers noted that the costs of reducing methane emissions are low compared to many other climate mitigations, and that “legally binding regulations and widespread pricing are needed” to encourage the deep cuts that are required.

Study Finds New Methane Sources From Dry Permafrost

Scientists determine the source of methane by examining its carbon isotopes, and since 2007, those evaluations show that the signal of methane produced from biological sources “has been getting much stronger,” said Euan Nisbet , an atmospheric scientist and methane expert at the University of Cambridge who was not involved in the new paper.

“There are two explanations, both of them probably correct,” he said. “One is that there are a lot more cows puffing out. But the other one is that the natural wetlands are turning on. That happens in the tropics first, and then the permafrost melts in Canada, and suddenly you get all sorts of methane coming off the Canadian swamps and the Siberian swamps as they wet up.”

Even cold, dry regions in the Arctic contribute to climate-warming methane pollution more than previously thought, according to a July 18 paper in Nature Communications that looked at dry permafrost areas called upland Yedoma Taliks found predominantly in northern Siberia, where permafrost thaw likely will speed up methane production as microbes break down organic material.

“Dry upland soils spatially dominate the 17.8 million square kilometer permafrost region,” the researchers wrote, describing silt-dominated, ice-supersaturated areas that have been frozen since they first formed in the steppe-tundra regions of Siberia, Alaska and Northwest Canada during the late Pleistocene, about 100,000 to 12,000 years ago.

The study found annual methane emissions from thawing upland Yedoma taliks were, acre for acre, almost triple those of emissions from northern wetlands; much larger than currently predicted by climate models, the authors of the Nature study said.

The findings are of concern because existing permafrost models don’t distinguish between permafrost soil types or account for winter emissions, the researchers wrote. The world’s permafrost holds three times as much carbon as is currently in the atmosphere, in a region warming three to four times faster than the global average.

For Nisbet, the recent findings, along with his own research , are warning signs that methane emissions may be reaching the level of what paleoclimate researchers call “climate terminations,” which in the recent geological past marked the shift from long, cold glacial periods to warmer interglacial times.

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The transitions generally took thousands of years, with slow warming initially, and then a very fast shift that signals the onset of ice caps melting. During the most recent termination, about 15,000 years ago, there was a period when Greenland’s temperature rose by about 18 degrees Fahrenheit in just a few decades.

“In those phases, methane levels climb very steeply,” Nisbet said. The increase in emissions since the early 2000s is a worrisome parallel to those climate terminations, with the current trajectory of methane similar to that at the end of the last ice age, he said.

A Climate Shift?

There are other signs of Earth at a tipping point, including the ominously rapid increase of Earth’s annual average temperature in the past year, during which every month set a new record high.

In a March essay in Nature, Gavin Schmidt , director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York, wrote that the unexpected 2023 heat surge of heat shows a “knowledge gap” that may call into question the reliability of some climate models.

Other leading scientists, including Johan Rockström , director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research , have voiced similar concerns.

“The planet is changing faster than we have expected,” he said during a July TED Talk . “We are, despite years of raising the alarm, now seeing that the planet is actually in a situation where we underestimated risks. Abrupt changes are occurring in a way that is way beyond the realistic expectations in science.” Later he wrote on X, “Tipping points are approaching fast.”

At the COP28 climate conference in Dubai last year, Rockström was part of a team of scientists warning about climate tipping points “of a magnitude that has never been faced before by humanity.”

John Kerry, U.S. special presidential envoy for climate, speaks at a session on the global need to reduce methane emissions during the COP28 climate conference in Dubai on Dec. 2, 2023. Credit: Sean Gallup/Getty Images

Another recent study , published July 11 in Science, found that methane persists in the atmosphere longer than most climate models estimate. The gas is not breaking down in the atmosphere as fast as thought because global warming has added more water vapor to the atmosphere.

At the current level of warming, about 2 degrees Fahrenheit above the pre-industrial baseline, the atmosphere can hold about 7 percent more moisture, and the study shows that water vapor absorbs some of the ultraviolet light, which is needed for the creation of hydroxyl radicals, key molecules that break down methane.

Those molecules “are called the detergent of the atmosphere,” said Nisbet, the Cambridge climate researcher. “They go and clean up all the nasties.” The finding that methane may persist longer than believed makes the global goal of cutting methane emissions by 30 percent in six short years even more important, he added.

In keeping with the 2015 Paris climate accord, the methane goal is aimed at holding global heating well below 2 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial level, and as close to 1.5 degrees Celsius as possible, to avoid tipping points that could bring rapid changes to the climate system.

He said that, along with the increases in methane and the recent global temperature surge, the recent winter heatwave in Antarctica is yet another possible sign of a major climate disruption in progress.

“It’s almost as if the planet is doing a stick shift, and what happens then?” he asked.

“What happened before is the ocean currents rearrange themselves, the wind belts rearrange themselves. The ocean currents move. The Atlantic overturning circulation changes, and that’s one of the real markers of a major climate shift. And, of course, that’s what’s happening at the moment.”

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Analysis (Global Warming) – Band 7

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Global Warming Essay for IELTS: The Winning Strategy

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