: Students use this interactive tool to help them track their notes they take in preparation for their essay.
: Students use this worksheet to examine and answer questions regarding their peer's essay.
: This rubric is used as a guide for students as they are writing their essay, and for teachers to use as a grading tool.
Nearly everything we read and hear is an argument. Speeches are special kinds of arguments and should be analyzed as such. Listeners should keep in mind the context of the situation involving the delivery and the audience-but a keen observer should also pay close attention to the elements of argument within the text. This assignment requires students to look for those elements.
"Since rhetoric is the art of effective communication, its principles can be applied to many facets of everyday life" (Lamb 109). It's through this lesson that students are allowed to see how politicians and leaders manipulate and influence their audiences using specific rhetorical devices in a manner that's so effective that the speeches are revered even today. It's important that we keep showing our students how powerful language can be when it's carefully crafted and arranged.
Further Reading
This resource has been aligned to the Common Core State Standards for states in which they have been adopted. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, CCSS alignments are forthcoming.
This lesson has been aligned to standards in the following states. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, standard alignments are not currently available for that state.
This website contains audio of the Top 100 speeches of all time.
Included on this site is audio of famous speeches of the 20th century, as well as information about the speeches and background information on the writers.
The "Great Speeches Collection" from The History Place are available here in print and in audio.
This website includes information on finding and documenting sources in the MLA format.
Students will
Discuss the audience and the author’s manipulation of the audience. Consider posing questions such as
Martin Luther King, Jr. uses an appeal to pathos in his “I Have a Dream” speech through his historical allusion to Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation: “Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.” This is particularly effective for his audience of people sympathetic to the cause of African American men and women who would have been especially moved by this particular reference since it had such a significant impact on the lives of African Americans.
Students explore the ways that powerful and passionate words communicate the concepts of freedom, justice, discrimination, and the American Dream in Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech.
While drafting a literary analysis essay (or another type of argument) of their own, students work in pairs to investigate advice for writing conclusions and to analyze conclusions of sample essays. They then draft two conclusions for their essay, select one, and reflect on what they have learned through the process.
Useful for a wide variety of reading and writing activities, this outlining tool allows students to organize up to five levels of information.
This strategy guide clarifies the difference between persuasion and argumentation, stressing the connection between close reading of text to gather evidence and formation of a strong argumentative claim about text.
Teaching rhetorical analysis is one of my absolute favorite units to complete with my students. I love teaching my students about rhetorical strategies and devices, analyzing what makes an effective and persuasive argument, and reading critical speeches with my students. Here is a quick list of some of my favorite speeches for rhetorical analysis.
I absolutely LOVE teaching rhetorical analysis. I think it might be one of my favorite units to teach to my high school students. There are just so many different text options to choose from. Here is a list of some of my favorite speeches to include in my rhetorical analysis teaching unit.
1. the gettysburg address (abraham lincoln).
Some notable things to mention in this speech include allusion and parallel structure. To make your analysis more meaningful, point out these devices to students and explain how these devices enhance the meaning of the text.
Teaching Resource : The Gettysburg Address Rhetorical Analysis Activity Packet
This speech is one that many of my athletes love to analyze, and it is an excellent exemplar text to teach pathos. And like The Gettysburg Address, it is short. This is another speech that you can read, analyze, and even write about in one class period.
When I use this speech in my class, I have students look for examples of pathos. Mainly, I have them look at word choice, tone, and mood. How does Lou Gehrig’s choice of words affect his tone and the overall mood of the speech?
In the classroom, it is important to point out the sermonic feel to the speech and also to have your students look for calls to action and pathos. Have your students look for tone, allusions, and word choice to help them notice these rhetoric expressions throughout it.
Teaching Resource : I Have a Dream Close Read and Rhetorical Analysis
This is another important speech that held a lot of importance for the changes that needed to be made in America. The speech is a shorter one, so in the classroom, it will not take as long to analyze it, and students can understand the significance of the use of rhetoric in a shorter amount of time than some other speeches.
When teaching this speech, I like to remind my students to search for devices that portray an excellent example of the pathos that is so present in this speech. Some of these devices could be mood, repetition, and diction.
In class, it is good to have your students annotate and analyze the speech just as they have done for the others. The organization of the speech will help them to notice the similarities and differences between each point Jobs makes.
This speech represents a strong sense of pathos as a movement to help the American people cope with loss after the deaths of the astronauts aboard the Challenger. It is another speech that is not too long, so it should not take a long time to both analyze and annotate the entire speech.
When teaching this speech in class, be sure to mention how pathos is the driving force behind the speech, through the tone and the diction. How does Reagan use emotion to focus on the astronauts as humans, rather than solely focusing on the tragedy?
This speech is a good one to teach because it both makes students question their own lives, but also how the world works. The speech relies on pathos, and a little ethos too, to get the audience to feel the full effect of the tragedy of the Holocaust and what the speaker went through. It is a long speech so it may take longer for the students to fully grasp all the details that make it such a persuasive speech.
When I teach this speech, I like to have students annotate every place they notice an example of pathos, and then have them explain why in their annotations this makes them feel an emotion. The same with the ethos, and then we can further analyze the rest together.
This speech shows another example of the use of pathos in the midst of a tragedy. The President wanted to show the American people how much he was feeling for those lost in the tragedy of 9/11. It is not a long speech, but the amount of emotion within the words is significant for students to notice.
When teaching this speech, it is essential that students look very closely at each part of it, noticing each piece that reveals tone, mood, and other literary devices. How do the different devices add to the pathos of the speech?
FREE TEACHING ACTIVITY : September 11 Address to the Nation Sampler
Teaching Resource : September 11 Address to the Nation Rhetorical Analysis Unit
This speech is probably the shortest speech on this list but provides one of the most emotional and pathos-filled rhetoric. This describes another tragedy that is spoken about with pathos to give the audience a safe feeling after such an emotional thing. Students can spend time analyzing the different devices that make the piece so strong in its emotion.
In the classroom, make sure your students make a note of the repetition, and what that does for the speech. Does it make the emotion more impactful? How does it make the audience feel like they are a part of something bigger?
This is another short speech that holds a lot of power within it. A lot of students will enjoy reading this to see how much the country has changed, and how this speech may have some part in influencing this change. It is a great speech to help teach logos in the classroom, and it will not take a long time to analyze.
Make sure your students notice, and they also understand, the use of allusions within the speech. These allusions help to establish the use of logos, as Anthony wants the use of American historical documents to show how logical her argument is.
You might also be interested in my blog post about 15 rhetorical analysis questions to ask your students.
Teaching rhetorical analysis and speeches in the classroom is a great way to teach informational text reading standards.
These resources follow reading standards for informational text and are ideal for secondary ELA teachers.
Subscribe to receive freebies, teaching ideas, and my latest content by email.
I won’t send you spam. Unsubscribe at any time.
Built with ConvertKit
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
By Dr Oliver Tearle (Loughborough University)
Mark Antony’s ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ speech from Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar is a masterclass of irony and the way rhetoric can be used to say one thing but imply something quite different without ever naming it . Mark Antony delivers a funeral speech for Julius Caesar following Caesar’s assassination at the hands of Brutus and the conspirators, but he is only allowed to do so as long as he does not badmouth the conspirators for their role in Caesar’s death.
Antony’s references to Brutus as an honourable man subtly and ingeniously show that Brutus is anything but honourable, while also serving to show that Caesar was not the ambitious man Brutus has painted him to be.
The best way to analyse this key speech from the play is to go through it, summarising it section by section.
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
Mark Antony has ‘read the room’ and knows the mood among the crowd: they still support the assassination of Julius Caesar and so side with Brutus and the other conspirators.
Mark Antony treads carefully, brilliantly going against their expectations and reassuring him that he is simply there to deliver a funeral oration, not to take the dead general’s side (it’s worth remembering that Julius Caesar was a general, not an emperor: although he was called Caesar, he wasn’t ‘a’ Caesar, the name given to later emperors of Rome in his honour).
The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones;
Daniell notes helpfully that these lines, which have become much more famous thanks to Shakespeare’s play, are proverbial and their sentiment (albeit with different wording) predate Shakespeare.
The meaning is obvious enough: when people die, the bad things they did often stick in people’s memories, while their good deeds are forgotten. As Antony goes on to say, ‘So let it be with Caesar’.
Immediately, then, he is cleverly saying that he is happy for everyone to focus on Caesar’s bad points and forget the good the man did; but in referring to the latter, he is subtly reminding them that Caesar did good as well as evil things. (By the way, a note on scansion or metre: because Mark Antony is addressing the crowd using blank verse or unrhymed iambic pentameter , ‘interred’ should be pronounced as three syllables, not two.)
So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it.
Mark Antony now takes up Brutus’ words about Julius Caesar and responds to them. He doesn’t contradict Brutus, but instead uses the subjunctive ‘If’: ‘If it were so’. He refuses to say that Caesar was ambitious, but grants that if it were true, it was a terrible fault.
The purpose of this is to cast doubt on the very idea that Caesar was ambitious (supposedly the very reason for his assassination), but in such a way that doesn’t rub the crowd (which still supports Brutus) up the wrong way. He then goes on to point out, however, that if Caesar was ambitious, he’s now dead, so has ‘answer’d’ or paid the penalty for his fault.
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest– (For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men) Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral.
Mark Antony makes a performative gesture to Brutus’ supposed generosity in letting him, Mark Antony, speak at Caesar’s funeral. He says that such generosity is a sign of Brutus’ honour: he, and the rest of the conspirators, are ‘honourable men’.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man.
Antony now slowly begins to ease in some praise for Caesar, but keeps it personal to him, rather than making grand, universal statements about Caesar’s good qualities: he was his friend, and faithful and just to him . But then, Brutus says Caesar was ambitious, and Brutus is honourable, so ‘I guess I was wrong (but I know I’m not)’. Obviously this last bit is implied, not spoken aloud – but that’s what Mark Antony is building towards.
He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?
Let’s look at what Caesar did: he took many enemies prisoner and brought them here to Rome, and these captives’ ransoms, when paid, helped to make Rome rich. Does this seem ‘ambitious’ behaviour to you?
When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man.
When the poor of the city suffered, Caesar wept with pity for them. Hardly the actions of an ambitious man, who should be harder-hearted than this! But Brutus says Caesar was ambitious, and Brutus is honourable, so … it must be true … right? Note how Antony continues to sow the seeds of doubt in the crowd’s mind.
You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man.
Antony reminds the Romans that at the festival of Lupercalia (held in mid-February, around the same time as our modern Valentine’s Day; so just a month before Caesar was assassinated), he publicly presented Julius Caesar with a crown, but Caesar refused it three times (remember, he was ‘just’ a general, a military leader: not an emperor). Again, Antony appeals to the crowd: does this seem like the action of an ambitious man?
I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know.
Although he clearly is disproving what Brutus claimed of Caesar, Antony maintains that this isn’t his aim: he’s merely telling the truth based on what he knows of Caesar.
You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?
Antony reminds the crowd of Romans that they all loved Caesar once too, and they had reasons for doing so: Caesar was clearly a good leader. So why do they now not mourn for him in death? (Note Antony’s skilful use of ‘cause’ twice here: they loved Caesar with good cause, but what cause is responsible for their failure to shed a tear at his passing?)
O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me.
Observe the clever pun on Brutus’ name in ‘brutish beasts’: Antony stops short of calling Brutus a beast, but it’s clear enough that he thinks the crowd has been manipulated with violent thugs and everyone has lost their ability to think rationally about Caesar. The mob spirit has been fomented and everyone has made Caesar, even in death, the target of their hatred.
Mark Antony brings his ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ speech, a masterly piece of oratory, to a rousing end with an appeal to personal emotion, claiming that seeing Rome so corrupted by hatred and blinded by unreason has broken his heart. He concludes, however, with a final line that offers a glimmer of hope, implying that if Rome would only recover itself, he would be all right again.
You can watch Damian Lewis reciting this famous speech here .
Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.
Type your email…
We are going into drama soon and will be studying this speech. You have brought to my attention aspects I had noticed, even though I have taught it for years. Thanks!
Thanks for the comment, Pam – that’s praise indeed! I hope you have a fruitful discussion :)
Comments are closed.
Subscribe now to keep reading and get access to the full archive.
Continue reading
Improve your practice.
Enhance your soft skills with a range of award-winning courses.
March 2, 2021 - Dom Barnard
Planned use of language has a major impact on how your speech is received by the audience. Saying the right words at the right time, and in the right way, can achieve a specific impact.
Careful use of language has produced many powerful speeches over the years. Here are a few literary devices you can employ for your next speech.
Start your next presentation with an open question. It engages the audience and gets them thinking about your speech early on. Use questions throughout and leave pauses after, letting the audience think about an answer.
This adds impact to sentence just before or after the pause. This is a good literary technique to use for the key message of your speech. Don’t be afraid to wait 3-5 seconds before speaking, adding maximum impact to your words.
Messages and words are remembered best in groups of three. The power of three is used in all aspects of speaking in public and by the media. Couple words in groups of three with alliteration for maximum impact, such as “They grew up with a long, lasting, love for each other.”
A technique used frequently by politicians, a word needs to be said on average 5 times before the audience begins to take in what is being said.
Contrasting two points, such as “Ten years ago we had a reputation for excellence. Today, we are in danger of losing that reputation.”
For additional literary techniques, check out these links:
Spend time planning which of these language techniques you will use in your speech. You can add these in after your first draft of the speech has been written.
1. martin luther king – i have a dream, transcript snippet.
And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.
I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition” and “nullification” — one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.
I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; “and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.”
Anaphora – Repetition of the “I have a dream” phrase at the beginning of each sentence.
Metonymy – The phrase “The let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia… Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee… Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi“, King uses these well-known racist locations to enhance his point.
Hyperbole – King uses the words ‘all’ and ‘every’ many times, exaggerating his point, “when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city”
Alliteration – used throughout the speech, alliterations add a poetic quality to the speech, for example this sentence “judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”
Amplification – King repeats many of his points a second time, with greater emphasis and explanation the second time, “America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked insufficient funds.”
For addition detail on these speeches, check out this article on speeches that changed the world.
Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end.
We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be.
We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender.
And if, which I do not for a moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God’s good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.
Anaphora – The repetition of the phrase “we shall fight” can be seen in the transcript snippet. This adds dramatic emphases on the words he is saying in these paragraphs.
Alliteration – Churchill uses repetition of letters to emphasize the dark time Europe was in, “I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts” and “your grisly gang who work your wicked will.”
Antistrophe – The repetition of words at the end of successive sentences, “the love of peace, the toil for peace, the strife for peace, the pursuit of peace“.
Hypophora – Churchill asks various questions and then answers them himself, “You ask, what is our policy? I can say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air” and “You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, it is victory”.
Rule of Three – Churchill uses this literary technique in many of his speeches, “This is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning” and “Never before in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many, to so few”.
Rhetoric Question
Start your next speech with a rhetoric question – “Who here has used a virtual reality headset?”
Repetition of Phrase
Repeat a key phrase around 5 times throughout the speech, the phrase should be short – “Virtual reality is changing the world”.
Use the Rule of Three
Emphasize a product or service by describing it with three words – “Our software is faster, cheaper and easier to use”. For greatest impact on your audience, combine this with alliteration.
Ask a question then immediately answer it – “How many virtual reality headsets were sold last month? Over 2 million.”
This essay about the evolution and merger of Price Club and Costco explores the origins and business philosophies of these pioneering companies in the warehouse club retail sector. Highlighting the innovative strategies of Price Club’s founders in 1976 and Costco’s establishment in 1983, the essay discusses how both companies prioritized low prices on bulk items, quality, and customer satisfaction. The 1993 merger, forming Costco Wholesale Corporation, combined Price Club’s expertise in serving small businesses with Costco’s focus on individual consumers, creating a powerful retail entity. This merger capitalized on shared values and distinct strengths, reinforcing a commitment to value, employee welfare, and membership satisfaction. The essay concludes by reflecting on Costco’s ongoing success, its adherence to founding principles, and its influence on modern retail, emphasizing the importance of visionary leadership and strategic collaboration in achieving sustainable growth.
How it works
The retail landscape underwent a transformation in the late 20th century with the emergence of warehouse clubs, a concept that revolutionized how consumers approached bulk purchasing. At the forefront of this revolution were Price Club and Costco, two entities that would later merge to form the behemoth known today as Costco Wholesale Corporation. This essay explores the origins, philosophies, and subsequent merger of Price Club and Costco, shedding light on how their combined strengths have shaped the modern retail experience.
Price Club, founded by Sol Price and his son Robert in 1976 in San Diego, California, was the pioneer of the warehouse club model.
Sol Price’s vision was to create a membership-based retail outlet that offered low prices on bulk items, primarily targeting small businesses. The innovation didn’t stop at the business model; the operational strategies, including minimalistic store designs and high-volume, low-margin sales, were radical at the time. Price Club’s success soon attracted not just businesses but also individual shoppers, paving the way for a new kind of retail environment.
Meanwhile, Costco, founded in 1983 by James Sinegal and Jeffrey Brotman, adopted a similar approach, focusing on providing exceptional value to its members. From the outset, Costco emphasized quality alongside value, a principle that has remained at the core of its business model. The founders were inspired by Sol Price’s concepts and set out to refine them, expanding the range of products offered and placing a greater emphasis on customer satisfaction. Costco’s approach to treating both its customers and employees well, including offering higher wages and benefits than competitors, contributed to its rapid growth and loyal customer base.
The merger of Price Club and Costco in 1993 was a landmark event in the retail industry, uniting two giants with shared values but distinct strengths. The combined company, named Costco Wholesale Corporation, leveraged Price Club’s experience in serving small businesses and Costco’s expertise in catering to individual consumers. This fusion created a powerful retail force that offered an unrivaled selection of goods at competitive prices, backed by a commitment to customer satisfaction and employee welfare. The merger was driven by the recognition that together, the two companies could achieve greater scale and efficiency, further driving down costs and passing the savings on to members.
Today, Costco Wholesale Corporation stands as a testament to the vision of its founders and the transformative power of the merger. With hundreds of warehouses globally, Costco has maintained its dedication to the principles established by Price Club and Costco. The company continues to prioritize value, quality, and sustainability, adapting to consumer needs and market changes without compromising its core values. Costco’s enduring success can be attributed to its innovative business model, operational efficiencies, and unwavering focus on membership satisfaction.
The legacy of Price Club and Costco, and their merger, provides valuable lessons in retail and beyond. It underscores the importance of visionary leadership, the strength of clear and consistent business philosophies, and the potential of strategic collaborations. The Costco story is one of adaptation, innovation, and commitment to principles, offering insights into building a sustainable, member-centric business in a competitive landscape. As Costco moves forward, it carries forward the legacy of Price Club and Costco, continuing to impact the retail industry and the shopping habits of millions around the world.
Critical Analysis of Business Strategy and Key Limitations in Costco Wholesale Corporation. (2024, Apr 07). Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/critical-analysis-of-business-strategy-and-key-limitations-in-costco-wholesale-corporation/
"Critical Analysis of Business Strategy and Key Limitations in Costco Wholesale Corporation." PapersOwl.com , 7 Apr 2024, https://papersowl.com/examples/critical-analysis-of-business-strategy-and-key-limitations-in-costco-wholesale-corporation/
PapersOwl.com. (2024). Critical Analysis of Business Strategy and Key Limitations in Costco Wholesale Corporation . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/critical-analysis-of-business-strategy-and-key-limitations-in-costco-wholesale-corporation/ [Accessed: 28 Jul. 2024]
"Critical Analysis of Business Strategy and Key Limitations in Costco Wholesale Corporation." PapersOwl.com, Apr 07, 2024. Accessed July 28, 2024. https://papersowl.com/examples/critical-analysis-of-business-strategy-and-key-limitations-in-costco-wholesale-corporation/
"Critical Analysis of Business Strategy and Key Limitations in Costco Wholesale Corporation," PapersOwl.com , 07-Apr-2024. [Online]. Available: https://papersowl.com/examples/critical-analysis-of-business-strategy-and-key-limitations-in-costco-wholesale-corporation/. [Accessed: 28-Jul-2024]
PapersOwl.com. (2024). Critical Analysis of Business Strategy and Key Limitations in Costco Wholesale Corporation . [Online]. Available at: https://papersowl.com/examples/critical-analysis-of-business-strategy-and-key-limitations-in-costco-wholesale-corporation/ [Accessed: 28-Jul-2024]
Hire a writer to get a unique paper crafted to your needs.
Our writers will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+!
Please check your inbox.
You can order an original essay written according to your instructions.
Trusted by over 1 million students worldwide
1. Tell Us Your Requirements
2. Pick your perfect writer
3. Get Your Paper and Pay
Hi! I'm Amy, your personal assistant!
Don't know where to start? Give me your paper requirements and I connect you to an academic expert.
short deadlines
100% Plagiarism-Free
Certified writers
An energized President Biden delivered a fiery speech in the key battleground state, forcefully attacking his rival, Donald J. Trump, as he tried to stem concerns about his ability to run and win in November.
Maggie Haberman
Doing his best to push back against doubts about his stamina and health, President Biden delivered a fiery and forceful speech at a rally in Michigan on Friday night, railing against Donald J. Trump and the news media amid continued pressure from fellow Democrats to step aside for a younger candidate.
Mr. Biden, who has confronted criticism from members of his own party since his abysmal debate performance against Mr. Trump at the end of June, zeroed in on Mr. Trump’s criminal conviction, his various indictments and even the civil case in which he was found liable of sexually abusing a New York writer .
The crowd in Detroit raved over his performance. “Don’t go, Joe,” they chanted at one point. “Let’s get this done!” Mr. Biden shouted.
Here’s what else to know:
Making his case: “Hopefully with age comes a little wisdom,” Mr. Biden told the crowd in Michigan on Friday, adding that he knew “how to do this job.” He also homed in on Project 2025 , a collection of personnel and policy initiatives prepared by a network of conservative think tanks ahead of a Republican presidential administration. He will travel to his beach home in Rehoboth Beach, Del., after the campaign stop.
Donors freeze cash: Some major Democratic donors told the largest pro-Biden super PAC, Future Forward, that they were freezing roughly $90 million in pledged donations as long as President Biden was atop the ticket, according to two people briefed on the conversations who spoke on the condition of anonymity given the sensitivity of the situation.
Missing in Michigan: He was met by House Democrats, state lawmakers, union leaders and the award-winning actress Octavia Spencer when he arrived in Michigan on Friday. But the state’s highest profile Democrats — like Gov. Gretchen Whitmer and Senators Debbie Stabenow and Gary Peters — were not at his side . While all of them have been supportive of the president, they were also all otherwise occupied.
Thursday’s news conference: More than 23 million people tuned in on major television networks on Thursday to watch Mr. Biden’s nearly hourlong appearance, according to Nielsen data — a very high number for a news program. His handling of the event did not seem to worsen Democrats’ fears about his viability, but it also did not silence the calls for him to drop out.
Democratic defections: After he was done speaking on Thursday, three more House Democrats urged Mr. Biden to end his campaign, and Representative Mike Levin of California added his voice to those calls on Friday. Nearly 20 congressional Democrats have now done so.
Standing by him: The president delivered a competent presentation on Thursday, and his performance in the unscripted setting heartened some of his supporters. One of his key allies, Representative James E. Clyburn, said on Friday that the party should stop talking about whether the president is fit to run and respect his decision to stay in the race. If he stepped aside, Mr. Clyburn, Democrat of South Carolina, said he would “absolutely” endorse Vice President Kamala Harris as the nominee.
Trump’s V.P. pick: The former president said in a radio interview that he would prefer to announce who his running mate will be during the Republican National Convention “or just slightly before the convention, like Monday,” which is the day the convention begins. He appears to be giving more weight to political calculations in his selection.
Chris Cameron , Michael Gold , Shane Goldmacher , Michael M. Grynbaum and Nicholas Nehamas contributed reporting.
Simon J. Levien
In an email to members, the Movement Voter Project — a political action committee that supports grassroots progressives and Democrats — said it would be joining the chorus of donor groups asking Biden to step aside. The PAC, surveying its grassroots partners, found that 74 percent of its respondents wanted another candidate — a rebuttal of the president’s claim that only “elites” were trying to push him out.
The PAC also confirmed it would support Next Generation PAC , which was aiming to raise $100 million for a top-ticket replacement to Biden.
Rebecca Davis O’Brien
The independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. privately apologized last week to a woman who accused him of sexual assault in a recent magazine article, The Washington Post reported on Friday .
The woman, Eliza Cooney, now 48, had worked for Mr. Kennedy’s family as a weekend babysitter in her early 20s, the year she graduated from college, and at the same time was an intern at his environmental legal clinic at Pace Law School in White Plains, N.Y. In an article in Vanity Fair last week, she said Mr. Kennedy made unwanted sexual advances toward her while she was at his family home in the late 1990s, including by groping her in a pantry.
Ms. Cooney told The Post that Mr. Kennedy had called her twice on July 3 of this year, after the Vanity Fair article had run, and then sent her two text messages, which she also showed to The New York Times.
“I hope you are well,” he wrote in the first message. “Please call me if you have a moment.”
In the second, sent shortly after midnight, he wrote: “I read your description of an episode in which I touched you in an unwanted manner. I have no memory of this incident, but I apologize sincerely for anything I ever did that made you feel uncomfortable or anything I did or said that offended you or hurt your feelings.”
He said he hoped she would be willing to speak to him over the phone or in person.
Mr. Kennedy declined to comment on the messages or on Ms. Cooney’s allegations. In a podcast interview last week, after the Vanity Fair article came out, he declined to address her allegations but said he was not a “church boy.” He added, “I have so many skeletons in my closet that if they could all vote, I could run for king of the world.”
Ms. Cooney did not respond to his outreach, and did not welcome it, she told The Times. “Sending a text at 12:33 a.m. is not considering his actions’ effects on someone else — me,” she said. “At that time, on Fourth of July weekend, the last thing I wanted to do was talk to him.”
She added: “He claims to have no memory of not one, not two, but three examples of his predatory behavior. He expects a societal pass and forgiveness for saying that he’s ‘no church boy.’ I have paid the cost for his sexual misconduct for decades.”
The fall after she graduated from college in 1998, Ms. Cooney said, she moved in with Mr. Kennedy’s family, in the home in Mount Kisco, N.Y., that he shared with his second wife, Mary Richardson Kennedy, and their children. Ms. Cooney was a weekend babysitter — the Kennedys had three children then (a fourth was born later) — and she worked as an intern in his law clinic at Pace.
Soon after she started working for the family, Ms. Cooney was sitting in the house’s kitchen with Mr. Kennedy and a volunteer for Riverkeeper — the environmental organization that Mr. Kennedy led — when she recalled feeling Mr. Kennedy move his hand up and down her leg underneath the table. She moved her leg away from his hand, she said. Later, she told the volunteer about the episode and wrote about it in her journal, she said.
Another time, she said, Mr. Kennedy came into her room shirtless and asked her to rub lotion on his back.
Ms. Cooney also described an incident when she was alone at the house with Mr. Kennedy. After she had gone into the kitchen pantry, she recounted, he came in behind her and put his hands on her backside, drawing them up along the sides of her body and along the sports bra she was wearing.
A few months later, after less than a year as the family’s babysitter, she moved out of the house.
Advertisement
Michael D. Shear
Here is the challenge for Biden: This can’t be a one-night thing. He has to do these kinds of rallies again and again, sometimes two or three times in a single day. He needs to do them on weekends, not spending time at his beach house. And he needs to do them for the next four months.
Nicholas Nehamas
Biden has finished with the crowd screaming and cheering. That was a remarkably more energized and forceful performance than I’ve seen from Biden or his audiences in months.
Biden has been speaking for more than 35 minutes. His normal stump speeches are closer to 15 or 20 minutes — an indication that he is trying to show the stamina demanded by many Democrats.
The number of people who watch this speech will be far, far fewer than the number that watched the debate or even Biden’s news conference last night. But some Democrats on Capitol Hill are texting that this performance is reassuring.
This is the most forceful Biden has been since his State of the Union speech, one that largely quelled Democrats’ concerns about the his age at the time, but which was many months before the debate.
Biden seemed to almost repeat a stumble he made at the debate, nearly saying that he had “taken on” Medicare when he meant Big Pharma.
Biden turns to Project 2025, the effort to focus on policy and personnel for a next Republican administration, which several former Trump advisers are involved with and which the Biden team has discovered is an easy catchall for all of the radical plans Trump himself is proposing.
Biden is now laying into Project 2025, which he calls a “blueprint” for a second Trump term. “You’ve heard of it,” a pleased Biden says when the crowd responds with boos. This speech is the strongest and most forceful contrast with Trump that I’ve heard him deliver.
More than two weeks after the debate, Biden is finally going full-tilt against Trump. This is exactly what his anxious allies and supporters were terrified that he couldn’t or wouldn’t do anymore.
Reid J. Epstein
Biden is going deep on Trump’s conviction in New York, his liability in a sexual abuse case and now a section on Trump’s attempts to overturn the 2020 election. Biden and his campaign this week have said they need to turn the focus of the campaign back on Trump — this is Biden trying to do just that.
Biden is now delineating the various criminal cases Trump is facing. It’s worth noting that the recent decision by the Supreme Court, whose makeup was shaped by Trump, granted him immunity that could have an impact on those cases.
When in doubt, attack the media. Biden often proclaims he understands the need for a free press. But inside his White House, his aides are dismissive of the press, and it comes from the top. Biden is extraordinarily sensitive about reporting about him, and almost as angry at the press as Trump has always been.
Biden says the press has been “hammering me” and the crowd starts booing and pointing fingers at the reporters gathered in the back of the room.
Biden said he refers to Trump as “Donald Herbert Hoover Trump,” which is not a thing I have ever heard anyone say out loud.
The Biden campaign promised the president would deliver a pointed speech taking on Trump and Project 2025 and laying out the plans for the first 100 days of his second term. So far, it is his standard stump speech, with a lengthy recitation of his first-term accomplishments.
This is as energized as we have seen Biden at recent rallies. It is perhaps a response to the ample criticism from within his own party that the president is too old to do the job, and one night after he admitted during a press conference that he needs more rest.
The crowd is now chanting “lock him up,” regarding Donald Trump. “Lock her up” became a chant at Trump rallies in 2016. Trump has vowed to use the government to to investigate the Bidens. But his allies also insist that he himself has faced a weaponized justice system, and those chants from the Biden crowd will play into that.
“I am running and we’re going to win,” Biden says, repeating his vow of the last two weeks. “I’m the nominee of the Democratic Party, the only Democrat or Republican who has beaten Donald Trump ever.”
Biden is ticking through his campaign promises: protecting I.V.F., Medicaid, the right to vote and the Affordable Care Act. He also said he will make Roe v. Wade “the law of the land,” which would be impossible without strong Democratic majorities in Congress.
Biden is shouting out the elected officials who did come to his event, after the Michigan’s biggest-name Democrats passed on joining him at his rally.
Biden is speaking from teleprompters, which has proved more comfortable for him than delivering remarks off the cuff.
Michael M. Grynbaum
The swirling questions about President Biden’s age and mental fitness for office have captured Americans’ attention.
More than 23 million people — a bigger audience than this year’s Academy Awards — tuned in on Thursday evening to see how Mr. Biden handled his first live news conference since a poor performance at last month’s debate with former President Donald J. Trump.
The television audience amounted to roughly 45 percent of the 51.3 million who watched the debate , according to Nielsen.
The president’s nearly hourlong appearance, at the NATO summit in Washington, was one of the most-watched telecasts of the year, outside of sporting events. It aired across several major TV networks, with ABC, CBS and NBC all pre-empting regular entertainment programming.
Millions more may have watched on digital news sites and social media platforms, which are, for the most part, not captured by Nielsen’s data.
Compared to his predecessors, Mr. Biden rarely grants solo news conferences, which added to the novelty of Thursday’s event.
Fox News attracted the largest audience of any network, 5.7 million, representing nearly a quarter of the overall television viewership. ABC was the highest-rated broadcaster, with five million viewers, possibly benefiting from a lead-in from “Jeopardy!,” the game show that aired immediately before Mr. Biden’s news conference.
Roughly four of five viewers were 55 or older, Nielsen said. ABC drew the largest audience among adults 25 to 54, the key demographic for advertisers in cable news.
Mr. Biden’s interview with George Stephanopoulos , which aired last Friday on ABC, was seen by 8.5 million viewers.
Michael Gold
The Republican National Convention will feature more than two dozen “everyday Americans” as speakers who will help hammer home former President Donald J. Trump’s campaign themes and policies, including four people who previously backed Democrats, according to convention and campaign officials.
All four are from key constituencies that the Trump campaign is eager to win over from Democrats in November as Mr. Trump tries to reverse his election defeat in 2020 by chipping away at the coalition that elected President Biden, including Black voters, Hispanic Americans and blue-collar workers.
The Trump campaign and the Republican National Committee have yet to fully announce a speakers list for the convention, which starts on Monday in Milwaukee. The testimonials from “everyday Americans” are expected to be peppered in between elected officials and candidates, party officials and Mr. Trump’s family members, though the convention has not provided a schedule for when any of its invited guests will speak.
On the list announced Friday is Linda Fornos, an immigrant from Nicaragua who attended Mr. Trump’s rally last month in Las Vegas , where she said she had been repeatedly disappointed by Democrats she had supported previously, including Mr. Biden. The Trump campaign has made winning over Latino voters a priority this year, particularly in battleground states like Arizona and Nevada with sizable Hispanic populations.
Also on the list is Robert Bartels Jr., known as Bobby, an official in a New York union who attended Mr. Trump’s visit with construction workers during the former president’s trial in Manhattan and said he was a “lifelong Democrat." Mr. Trump has pressed for the votes of blue-collar union workers since 2016 and has sought to divide them from union leaders who often support Democrats.
Annette Albright, a Black woman and a former school employee who convention officials said was a “lifelong Democrat,” spoke earlier this year at a town hall in North Carolina hosted by the political organization Moms for Liberty.
With polls showing backing for Mr. Biden slipping among Black voters, long a key Democratic constituency, Mr. Trump has been eager to highlight how he has capitalized, at times in clumsy ways.
Last month, the Trump campaign held an event at a Black church in Detroit where the crowd included a sizable number of white people. The pastor of the church, Lorenzo Sewell, will also speak at the convention next week.
And the convention will give the stage to Shabbos Kestenbaum, one of six Jewish students who sued Harvard University for discrimination . Mr. Kestenbaum is an Orthodox Jew who attended Harvard Divinity School, and the lawsuit claims that Harvard became a bastion of antisemitism, particularly in the wake of Hamas’s attack on Israel last October.
Mr. Trump has repeatedly insisted that Jews who vote for Democrats are insufficiently loyal to Israel or to their cultural and religious beliefs, a remark that critics have said revives an antisemitic trope that Jews have a “dual loyalty” and are not sufficiently loyal to their own countries.
Immigration will also be a dominant issue at the convention, and several people on the “ordinary Americans” list are expected to discuss it, including Michael Morin, the brother of Rachel Morin, 37, who the authorities say was raped and killed while jogging last year by an undocumented immigrant. Jim Chilton, an Arizona rancher whose property abuts the United States’ border with Mexico, and who has previously campaigned alongside Mr. Trump, will also speak.
A number of speakers will also discuss inflation and the economy, helping emphasize Mr. Trump’s contention that Mr. Biden’s policies are hurting business owners while doing little to address the cost of living. They include Sarah Workman, a single mother from Arizona who works two jobs, and Benjamin Josephs, a small-business owner in Michigan, according to the announcement from campaign and convention officials.
Not all of the speakers announced so far appear to serve thematic aims. Last month, Mr. Trump and Mr. Biden exchanged words at the debate over which of them had the better golf game, a fixation that Mr. Trump has since carried over to social media.
The convention will feature two employees of Mr. Trump’s golf properties: John Nieporter, the head golf professional at Mr. Trump’s golf club in West Palm Beach, Fla., who has served as Mr. Trump’s caddie; and Carrie Ruiz, the golf general manager at his club in Doral, Fla., where Mr. Trump held a rally this week.
Meta on Friday said it was rolling back some restrictions to former President Donald J. Trump’s Facebook and Instagram accounts so people on its services could hear from those running for the presidency “on the same basis.”
Under the restrictions on Mr. Trump’s accounts, he could have been suspended from Meta’s services — which also include Threads and WhatsApp — if he had posted content that sought to delegitimize this November’s election, among other things. But Meta said it was now relaxing those restrictions, reducing the potential for a suspension if Mr. Trump violated the company’s terms of service.
The move further returns Mr. Trump’s social media accounts to what they had been before the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the Capitol. At the time, Mr. Trump’s Facebook and Instagram accounts were indefinitely suspended on the grounds that his posts ran the risk of inciting more violence. Last year, Meta reinstated Mr. Trump’s accounts, but with the restrictions.
As of Friday, those penalties are no longer applicable.
“We believe that the American people should be able to hear from the nominees for President on the same basis,” Nick Clegg, Meta’s president of global affairs, said in a statement . He said the penalties placed on Mr. Trump’s accounts had been “a response to extreme and extraordinary circumstances” after Jan. 6, and were no longer needed.
Presidential nominees still need to abide by Meta’s terms of service, however, the company said.
In a statement, a spokesman for the Biden campaign, Charles Kretchmer Lutvak, said that removing the restrictions on Mr. Trump’s accounts was “a direct attack on our safety and our democracy,” adding that the decision “will allow Trump and his MAGA allies to reach more Americans with their fundamentally undemocratic, un-American misinformation.”
At the Republican National Convention next week, Mr. Trump is expected to accept the party’s nomination for president. The Democratic National Convention is in August, though calls from prominent Democrats for President Biden to step aside as the nominee have complicated that process. Mr. Biden has maintained that he has no plans to drop out.
Axios previously reported on Meta’s policy update.
Chris Cameron
When President Biden landed in Michigan on Friday for a campaign rally in Detroit, he was met by House Democrats, state lawmakers, union leaders and the award-winning actress Octavia Spencer .
Conspicuously absent, however, were many of Michigan’s highest-profile Democrats, including Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, whose popularity in the battleground state has helped put her in the top tier of those talked about as potential alternative candidates should Mr. Biden end his re-election campaign.
Crain’s Detroit Business reported on Wednesday that Ms. Whitmer instead was scheduled to attend the Sun Valley Conference of tech and media executives in Idaho. In a statement on X soon after Mr. Biden landed, Ms. Whitmer wrote, “Motor City is all in for Biden-Harris.”
Ms. Whitmer, a co-chair of the Biden campaign, has ruled out running for president this year , even if Mr. Biden were to drop out, but that has not ended speculation about her candidacy. In a CNN interview on Wednesday, she said it “wouldn’t hurt” if Mr. Biden underwent a cognitive exam to reassure supporters of his health and fitness.
Also missing from Mr. Biden’s campaign event were Michigan’s two Democratic senators, Debbie Stabenow and Gary Peters, as well as Representative Elissa Slotkin, the leading Democratic candidate to fill the seat of Ms. Stabenow, who is retiring. Ms. Stabenow and Mr. Peters wrote statements of support for the president on social media soon after he landed, and they were shared by the Biden campaign.
In a video call with donors on Tuesday , Ms. Slotkin had said that Mr. Biden was trailing his rival, Donald J. Trump in Michigan, and noted that she was running for the Senate because Ms. Stabenow, 74, was “doing a radical thing and passing the torch.”
Robyn Bryan, a spokeswoman for Ms. Stabenow, said the senator was out of town for the event. A spokeswoman for Mr. Peters said the senator had previous commitments and could not be in Detroit on Friday. Representatives of Ms. Whitmer and Ms. Slotkin did not immediately respond to requests for comment on their absence.
Lisa Friedman
The Sunrise Movement, the youth-led climate organization that helped elect President Biden, is now calling on him to quit the race for the White House.
The group’s leaders say they believe that Mr. Biden, who has overseen the most aggressive climate agenda of any president, cannot win against former President Donald J. Trump, who has dismissed global warming as a hoax.
“Joe Biden’s next climate legacy-defining act must be to pass the torch to a new nominee,” Aru Shiney-Ajay, the executive director of the Sunrise Movement, said in a statement.
“Another Trump presidency would cause catastrophic and irreversible damage to our climate,” she said. “After speaking with young people around the country over the last few weeks, I’m concerned that Joe Biden isn’t positioned to mobilize young people and win in November.”
The Biden campaign underlined the president’s commitment to fighting global warming. “No president has and will fight harder to address the climate crisis than President Biden,” Seth Schuster, a campaign spokesman, said in a statement. He said Mr. Biden was “proud to have passed the most significant climate legislation in American history during his first term, and will ensure we continue the essential work to save our planet by defeating climate-denier-in-chief Donald Trump this November.”
Sunrise is the first major environmental group to publicly urge Mr. Biden to abandon his presidential campaign. It follows a highly anticipated news conference that Mr. Biden held on Thursday night in which the president said he was determined to run for re-election. “And I think I’m the best qualified to win,” he said.
His campaign had hoped Mr. Biden’s performance would help quell the concerns of Democrats and donors worried about the ability of Mr. Biden, 81, to beat Mr. Trump, 78, and to serve another four years.
The Sunrise Movement had not endorsed Mr. Biden’s re-election bid, in part because many members oppose the president’s strong support for Israel in its war against Hamas. In recent weeks, doubts about Mr. Biden’s electability have also emerged.
Sunrise Movement officials said the organization had been internally discussing whether to make its concerns public since Mr. Biden’s performance in a June debate against Mr. Trump, during which Mr. Biden stumbled repeatedly.
Ms. Shiney-Ajay said stepping aside was the best way for Mr. Biden to preserve his climate legacy, which includes the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act that is pumping $370 billion into clean energy, and the creation of the American Climate Corps, which is training thousands of young people for green jobs.
She noted that in 2020, the organization’s volunteers had contacted 3.5 million young voters, urging them to vote for Mr. Biden. Since the June debate, she said, the “already low enthusiasm” for Mr. Biden among young people has continued to drop.
“To be very clear, regardless of where the process ends, Sunrise’s plan this fall is the same: organize like hell to defeat Donald Trump,” she said. But, Ms. Shiney-Ajay added, “With another ticket that energizes young volunteers, we could contact up to twice as many voters this fall.”
The group is considered an important player in the environmental movement. In the 2020 election, Sunrise initially endorsed Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont. But once Mr. Biden clinched the Democratic nomination, the Sunrise Movement and the Biden campaign forged an alliance that benefited both: Mr. Biden got needed support from young voters and Sunrise pushed Mr. Biden to be more ambitious on climate.
Since Mr. Biden has taken office, the Sunrise Movement has pressured him to halt new oil and gas drilling. It has been more willing than some mainstream environmental organizations to criticize the president when he took positions they opposed, like approving the development of a huge oil project in Alaska known as Willow.
Mr. Biden has worked hard to court young climate-minded voters, and the administration had still hoped to win the endorsement of the Sunrise Movement by emphasizing the stark contrast between the president and Mr. Trump when it comes to climate change.
Mr. Trump routinely disparages and distorts climate science, and has pledged to “terminate” every one of Mr. Biden’s climate regulations. In April, Mr. Trump asked oil and gas lobbyists for $1 billion for his 2024 campaign so he could retake the White House and erase President Biden’s climate regulations, according to several people in attendance at the meeting.
Other leading environmental groups said they continued to support Mr. Biden.
“No president in history has taken more action on climate than Joe Biden,” Ben Jealous, the executive director of the Sierra Club, said in a statement. “We will work tirelessly to re-elect President Biden come November to guarantee Americans their right to clean air, clean water and a livable future — something we know Donald Trump wants to destroy.”
An earlier version of the picture caption with this article stated incorrectly the year of the demonstration in Washington. It was 2021, not 2020.
How we handle corrections
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
As with any other essay, a written analysis of a speech should include a strong introduction and clear thesis statement, several body paragraphs with topic sentences and strong transitions that clearly support your analysis and an effective conclusion that summarizes your critique. Be sure that the essay is free of grammar and spelling mistakes ...
As in all papers, the analysis must include an introduction, body, and conclusion. Start your introduction paragraph with an attention-getter or hook. Make sure your introduction includes a thesis sentence or purpose and previews the main points covered in the body. State the type of speech being analyzed and where it took place.
Studying other speakers is a critical skill, one of the 25 essential skills for a public speaker. The ability to analyze a speech will accelerate the growth of any speaker. The Speech Analysis Series is a series of articles examining different aspects of presentation analysis. You will learn how to study a speech and how to deliver an effective ...
Introduction of the Speech Analysis. First thing's first, add an introduction. It usually begins with a hook, something to entice the reader. Then it mentions the time and place of the speech, followed by an overview of the address. Next, you need to mention the speaker, the topic, and the key points of the speech.
How to Write Critical Analysis. Writing a critical analysis involves evaluating and interpreting a text, such as a book, article, or film, and expressing your opinion about its quality and significance. ... Critical analysis helps to identify the main arguments in a piece of writing or speech and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses. This ...
A critical analysis is an argument about a particular piece of media. There are typically two parts: (1) identify and explain the argument the author is making, and (2), provide your own argument about that argument. Your instructor may have very specific requirements on how you are to write your critical analysis, so make sure you read your ...
When writing a speech analysis, the first step is to determine the purpose and audience of the speech itself. The next step will be to make a claim of effectiveness based on the speaker's ...
Essay # 1: Rhetorical Analysis of a Speech. Length: 1000-2500 words (please single space). Task:. Using Roberts-Miller, Selzer, and Campbell as guides (and also as professional rhetorical sources to quote when needed), write an essay that rhetorically analyzes and criticizes (evaluates) one of the following speeches: Ted Kennedy's ...
Essay # 1—Critical Rhetorical Analysis (CRA) of a Speech. Task: Select a written speech worthy of rhetorical analysis (i.e., a text that will reward your in-depth examination). Write an in-depth Critical Rhetorical Analysis of that text. • There are many speeches that are eminently fruitful for a CRA that are not as famous as ones like King ...
Written by MasterClass. Last updated: Jun 7, 2021 • 3 min read. Critical analysis essays can be a daunting form of academic writing, but crafting a good critical analysis paper can be straightforward if you have the right approach. Explore.
Step 3: Plan and write your critical analysis Ø Determine your viewpoint based on what you noticed about the text during Step 2 Ø Begin with an introduction, ... This analysis looks closely one aspect of King's speech - the methods he used to captivate America as an audience. Only information relevant to this specific topic are included.
A rhetorical analysis is a type of essay that looks at a text in terms of rhetoric. This means it is less concerned with what the author is saying than with how they say it: their goals, techniques, and appeals to the audience. A rhetorical analysis is structured similarly to other essays: an introduction presenting the thesis, a body analyzing ...
5. Proofread and refine your work. Read through your critical analysis to ensure it sounds as professional as it should. Correct any spelling and grammatical errors and awkward phrasing when you see it. Reading your critical analysis out loud can help you identify more areas for improvement.
In its simplest form, speech analysis or speech interpretation can be said to be the process of extracting important pieces of information that are contained in a speech. When carrying out speech analysis, there is usually a need to take note of some essential and necessary components of the Speech. These include; 1.
It's natural for the audience's focus to lag as the speech carries on, so the closing should regain their attention by being powerful, thoughtful, deep, and concise. Both the speech and the speaker should exude confidence during the conclusion. This helps the audience gain confidence in the presentation. 6.
Critical discourse analysis (or discourse analysis) is a research method for studying written or spoken language in relation to its social context. It aims to understand how language is used in real life situations. When you conduct discourse analysis, you might focus on: The purposes and effects of different types of language.
Critical Analysis Template In a critical analysis essay, you systematically evaluate a work's effectiveness including what it does well and what it does poorly. It can be used to discuss a book, article or even a film. You must read the piece carefully and may need to look up terms or concepts you are unfamiliar with or research related ...
B. Speeches for Analysis Sample Speech 1. Obama‟s Victory Speech On November 4, 2008, Barack Obama gave a victory speech in Grant Park of Chicago to appreciate his supporters and celebrated the success of elections. About 400,000 Americans got here and witnessed the happy moment. Sample Speech 2.
Table of contents. Step 1: Reading the text and identifying literary devices. Step 2: Coming up with a thesis. Step 3: Writing a title and introduction. Step 4: Writing the body of the essay. Step 5: Writing a conclusion. Other interesting articles.
From Theory to Practice. Nearly everything we read and hear is an argument. Speeches are special kinds of arguments and should be analyzed as such. Listeners should keep in mind the context of the situation involving the delivery and the audience-but a keen observer should also pay close attention to the elements of argument within the text.
2. Lou Gehrig's Farewell Speech (Lou Gehrig) This speech is one that many of my athletes love to analyze, and it is an excellent exemplar text to teach pathos. And like The Gettysburg Address, it is short. This is another speech that you can read, analyze, and even write about in one class period.
Mark Antony brings his 'Friends, Romans, countrymen' speech, a masterly piece of oratory, to a rousing end with an appeal to personal emotion, claiming that seeing Rome so corrupted by hatred and blinded by unreason has broken his heart. He concludes, however, with a final line that offers a glimmer of hope, implying that if Rome would only ...
Speeches which mastered literary techniques. Martin Luther King, Jr. - I Have A Dream. Winston Churchill - We shall fight on the beaches. John F. Kennedy - Inaugural Address. Margaret Thatcher - The Lady's Not For Turning. Barack Obama - The Audacity Of Hope. Elizabeth Gilbert - Your Creative Genius.
A critical essay is an analytical piece of writing that presents and evaluates an argument, piece of literature, film, or any work within the arts and humanities. Unlike a simple review, a critical essay delves deeper into the nuances of the subject, offering a comprehensive analysis backed by evidence, to not only state what the author or ...
In a rousing speech Monday afternoon, the vice president rallied campaign staff at their Wilmington, Delaware, headquarters with Biden - still recovering from Covid-19 - calling in to solidify ...
An energized President Biden delivered a fiery speech in the key battleground state, forcefully attacking his rival, Donald J. Trump, as he tried to stem concerns about his ability to run and win ...