5th generation warfare css essay

Fifth-Generation Warfare: The Blurring Lines of War and Peace

I. introduction.

The term Fifth-Generation Warfare (5GW) has been used to describe the latest evolution in warfare. It is characterized by a blurring of the lines between war and peace. 5GW is different from traditional forms of warfare. Fourth Generation Warfare focused on asymmetric tactics and guerrilla warfare. Instead, 5GW is marked by the combination of advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors . This essay aims to provide an overview of 5GW, its characteristics, impact, and implications for the future of warfare.

The historical evolution of warfare has seen the development of different generations of warfare. First Generation Warfare focused on the use of mass manpower. Second Generation Warfare focused on firepower. Third Generation Warfare focused on maneuvering. Moreover, Fourth Generation Warfare focused on asymmetric tactics and guerrilla warfare. Fifth Generation Warfare represents the latest evolution, characterized by the integration of advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors.

It is important to understand 5GW as it has the potential to change the nature of warfare and the way conflicts are resolved. It is a multidimensional and complex form of warfare that challenges traditional military strategies and international law and norms.

This essay began by defining 5GW and will provide an overview of its characteristics. It will then examine the impact of 5GW on gray zone conflicts, cyber and information warfare, and the role of non-state actors. Finally, it will explore the implications of 5GW for the blurring lines of war and peace. It will be including the concept of “peacetime military operations,” the changing nature of warfare, and the role of diplomacy and non-military means in resolving conflicts.

Also Read: Durand Line History: How did it come into Being?

II. Characteristics of Fifth-Generation Warfare

A. hybrid warfare:.

One of the key characteristics of 5GW is the integration of various forms of warfare, including conventional, irregular, and cyber warfare. This type of warfare is referred to as hybrid warfare, and it is designed to exploit the vulnerabilities of the enemy while protecting the strengths of the attacker. It involves the use of a combination of military and non-military means, such as propaganda, disinformation, and covert operations, to achieve political objectives.

B. Non-linear warfare:

Another characteristic of 5GW is the non-linear nature of the battlefield. In traditional warfare, the battlefield is defined by a clear front line, but in 5GW, the battlefield is fluid and constantly changing. This makes it difficult to identify the enemy, and it challenges the traditional concept of victory in warfare.

C. Multi-domain warfare:

5GW also involves the integration of various domains, including land, sea, air, space, and cyberspace. This makes it possible to conduct operations in multiple domains simultaneously, giving the attacker a strategic advantage over the defender.

D. Political warfare:

In 5GW, the use of political warfare is an essential component of the overall strategy. This includes the use of diplomacy, economic pressure, and psychological operations to influence the enemy’s decision-making process.

These characteristics of 5GW make it a complex and multidimensional form of warfare that challenges traditional military strategies and international law and norms. It requires a new approach to warfare that integrates advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors.

Also Read: Global Warming Myth or Reality Essay

III. Impact of Fifth-Generation Warfare

A. gray zone conflicts:.

5GW has led to an increase in gray zone conflicts, which are defined as conflicts that fall between traditional war and peace. These conflicts are characterized by the use of non-military means to achieve political objectives, and they challenge the traditional concept of victory in warfare. Gray zone conflicts also blur the lines between state and non-state actors, making it difficult to identify the enemy and respond effectively.

For example , in 2014 , Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine, which was considered an example of a gray zone conflict. It is because it was achieved through a combination of military and non-military means. These means were disinformation and covert operations which were used to achieve political objectives.

B. Cyber and information warfare:

5GW has also led to an increase in the use of cyber and information warfare. These forms of warfare involve the use of technology to disrupt, degrade, or destroy the enemy’s ability to communicate and operate. Cyber and information warfare can be used to target critical infrastructure, disrupt communications, and spread disinformation.

For example , in 2016 , Russian hackers launched a cyber attack on the Democratic National Committee (DNC) to influence the U.S. presidential election.

C. Role of non-state actors:

In 5GW, non-state actors, such as terrorist groups and transnational criminal organizations, play a significant role. These actors can use asymmetric tactics and unconventional warfare to exploit the vulnerabilities of the enemy. They can also use advanced technology, such as drones and cyber capabilities, to conduct operations in multiple domains.

For example , in 2020 , the terrorist group, ISIS , used drones to attack oil fields in Iraq and Syria. This demonstrated the ability of non-state actors to use advanced technology in their operations.

D. Challenges to traditional military strategies:

5GW presents significant challenges to traditional military strategies, which are designed to fight conventional wars. It requires a new approach to warfare that integrates advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors. This new approach requires a deep understanding of the enemy’s motivations, capabilities, and vulnerabilities.

For example , in the fight against terrorist groups such as Al Qaeda and ISIS , traditional military strategies have proven to be ineffective. Ultimately, a new approach that integrates political, economic, and social strategies is needed to effectively combat these non-state actors.

Also Read: India-China Relations – The Border Dispute

IV. The blurring lines of war and peace

A. the concept of “peacetime military operations”:.

The coalition of advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors in fifth-generation warfare has led to the concept of “peacetime military operations.” These operations are designed to achieve strategic objectives without resorting to traditional warfare, and they blur the lines between war and peace. Peacetime military operations can include covert operations, cyber attacks, and economic sanctions, among others.

B. The changing nature of warfare:

5GW has changed the nature of warfare, making it more complex and multidimensional. The use of advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors has led to a shift away from traditional warfare, and the concept of victory is no longer based on the defeat of the enemy’s military.

C. The role of diplomacy and non-military means in resolving conflicts:

5GW has increased the importance of diplomacy and non-military means in resolving conflicts. In order to effectively respond to 5GW, it is necessary to understand the enemy’s motivations and vulnerabilities and to use diplomatic and economic means to achieve strategic objectives.

D. The implications for international law and norms:

5GW challenges traditional concepts of international law and norms, such as the laws of armed conflict, and the principle of state sovereignty. The use of advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors in 5GW raises questions about the applicability of traditional legal frameworks and the need for new norms and rules to govern this new form of warfare.

Also Read: Tips to Make Outline of CSS Essay

V. Conclusion

In conclusion, Fifth Generation Warfare (5GW) represents the latest evolution in warfare, characterized by the integration of advanced technology, political warfare, and the use of non-state actors. It is a multidimensional and complex form of warfare that challenges traditional military strategies and international law and norms. This essay has provided an overview of 5GW, its characteristics, impact, and implications for the future of warfare.

5GW has led to an increase in gray zone conflicts, the use of cyber and information warfare, and the role of non-state actors. It has also led to the concept of “peacetime military operations” which blur the lines between war and peace. The changing nature of warfare and the role of diplomacy and non-military means in resolving conflicts are also notable implications of 5GW.

It is important to continue researching and understanding 5GW in order to develop effective strategies to respond to this new form of warfare. This requires a deep understanding of the enemy’s motivations, capabilities, and vulnerabilities, and the use of advanced technology, political warfare, and non-state actors. Moreover, It is necessary to review the traditional legal frameworks to adapt them to this new form of warfare and establish new norms and rules to govern it.

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An Introduction to Fifth Generation Warfare

• March 31, 2022

How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love 5GW

We type these words travelling through the Swiss Alps on high-speed rail. As the world becomes smaller, we at The Radio Research Group have witnessed firsthand how nearly everything we knew about modern conflict is changing, under the shadow of Fifth Generation Warfare. The incredible, exponential, accelerating pace of technology has overturned centuries of standard operating procedure. Diplomats and military leaders alike have been thrust into uncharted domains, disrupted by an invisible enemy that makes us question our reality.

Darkness descends upon us as a tunnel envelops our train. Terrestrial GSM goes dark, satellite tracking loses sync. We enter the Gotthard Base tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world.

Our world is evolving so quickly that classical frameworks of thought around modern warfare have become irrelevant. Our GSM modem connects to a cell tower deep within the tunnel. We reconnect to the world, deep underground, at the speed of light. Pre-existing notions believed to be impossible beforehand have now become commonplace.

Our train exits the tunnel, sunlight envelops the train as GPS returns back online. Incredible mountains open up all around us as we enter an incredible new world.

What is 5GW?

William Lind’s generations of warfare model goes something like this:

The concept of Fifth Generation Warfare itself is controversial, with Lind arguing against it saying that 4GW “had yet to fully materialize”. We argue that what is happening in modern conflict today is so radically different from the 4th generation framework that it’s time to enter the fifth generation. (We were so convinced that we had to write the Wikipedia article on it ourselves, despite it now being heavily redacted. Many of the key elements we have added here.)

Our favourite definition of Fifth Generation Warfare is featured in Abbot’s “Handbook of 5GW”, 2010, stating that “The very nature of Fifth Generation Warfare is that it is difficult to define.” Besides the fact that defining a subject based on it being difficult to define is counterintuitive, Abbot adds that 5GW is a war of “information and perception”.

5GW is a war of information and perception.

We at Radio Research have evolved the definition, stating that Fifth Generation Warfare is defined by data-driven, non-kinetic military action designed to take advantage of existing cognitive biases and create new cognitive biases. Or as Abbott and Rees/Herring describe, “the deliberate manipulation of an observer’s context in order to achieve a desired outcome.”

Fifth-generation warfare technologies have advanced to the point that when applied correctly, their very use has been concealed. As we will describe further below in the Attribution Problem, in many cases simply understanding who is behind a 5GW attack is impossible.

This means that a Fifth Generation Warfare conflict can be fought and won without a single bullet being fired, or even most of the population knowing that a war is taking place. The following technologies and techniques are often associated with 5GW. What’s important to note is that these technologies may be used to heavily influence, or completely remove the need for kinetic combat:

• Social engineering
• Decentralized and highly non attributable psychological warfare (memes, fake news)
• Open-source intelligence
• Commercially available Social media analytics
• Open source and grey market Data Sets
• Commercially available Satellite / SA imagery
• Commercially available Electromagnetic intelligence
• Cryptographic backdoors
• Open source encryption/ DeFi / Community technology
• Low cost Radios / SDRs
• Quantum computers? (unclear if being used yet at scale)

Abbot finished his description of 5GW quite elegantly, quoting Clarke’s third law; “any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.”

In Summary 5GW:

• Is a war of information and perception
• Targets existing cognitive biases of individuals and organizations
• Creates new cognitive biases (social engineering)
• Focuses on the individual observer / decision maker
• Is difficult or impossible to attribute
• Nature of the attack is concealed

Below we will describe where current frameworks for warfare begin to unravel, and what we can do next.

The origins of 5GW as mentioned before are hotly contested, as data driven warfare combined with propaganda date back at least to the end of WWII. Some of the best work in the space happened around this time.

For our analysis, we focus on how networked mobile computing and big data analytics are being used to drive decision making on a societal scale. While the “Handbook of 5GW” alludes to early examples, the book was published before one of the most disruptive societal events had happened since 9/11.

Precursors to 5GW: The First Accidental Fifth Generation Conflict

The Arab Spring represents a key turning point in warfare, emerging in Tunisia in 2008, and erupting across North Africa in 2010. The Arab Spring was the first conflict to be driven by Social Media, primarily Facebook and Twitter.

We had witnessed first-hand that a revolution or protest would show up first in the data, then on BBC a few hours later. The conflict was manifesting itself online, and generating tremendous amounts of data before any kinetic action would take place.

The Arab Spring lacks a few key elements of Fifth Generation Warfare, most notably the ambiguity of the opposing force. (Despite having some ambiguity as to who was fueling it. An interesting side note is that one of the main organizers of the Egyptian Revolution, Wael Ghonim, worked at Google at the time).

From our interactions with people involved during those early years of mostly privatized data collection, the use of social media to cascade into a regional conflict was almost entirely accidental. Because of that, we like to call The Arab Spring the first accidental fifth-generation conflict.

The societal echoes of the Arab spring continued to bounce around the planet, focusing a few years later on Hong Kong and Taiwan during democratic protests in 2014. At this point, we begin to see a new technology beginning to emerge: Decentralized technologies (or “zero trust systems” for those of you who work in more conservative organizations like the DoD). During the Sep 2014 Hong Kong protests, encrypted messaging apps were used heavily. When local cellular infrastructure was “overloaded” protesters employed a decentralized Mesh networking app called Firechat- completely bypassing Great Firewall restrictions. Governments were so disturbed by the event, Russia began deploying its own electronic warfare units to protests.

Decentralized currencies like Bitcoin began to see popular use, For example during Occupy Wall Street, 2011). While decentralized warfare is a key element of the 4GW definition, the coming ambiguity of attackers and the use of big data and media as a weapon reinforcing one another takes us into new realms.

Fitting a Fifth Generation Warfare puzzle piece into a Fourth generation playing field

While warfare has a long history of psychological operations and propaganda, conflict going online has accelerated psychological warfare, reducing the feedback loops to milliseconds. Facebook product teams have a word for this: “Dopamine Loops”. In the world of big tech, you can build, test, deploy in a matter of minutes. Military, advertising, and political strategists are beginning to think about how they can leverage over a hundred years of teachings in psychological warfare and combine this knowledge with data-driven, psychological feedback loops to influence behaviour.

We call this the Social Engine, Facebook (sorry “Meta”) calls it “business as usual”. The creation of data-driven cognitive biases has already defined the past decade, everything from “swinging” elections, to determining a Netflix script, or which celebrity will be in an advertisement for makeup.

In fact, we used GPT-3, an AI algorithm to write the italicized section of this paragraph. GPT-3 is a predictive text entry program, which allows people to type words on their keyboard by predicting keys that are likely to be typed. This allows us to influence cognitive biases by sneaking certain ideas into peoples’ text, bypassing their critical thought processes altogether. People will then replicate these messages in their own texts, and the spread of the content will be a reflection of the users’ natural cognitive biases.

These capabilities are unseen in traditional warfare and do not fit well into the 4GW framework.

One of the main areas where 4th generation warfare begins to break down is the ambiguity of the attacking force, in particular, “the cyber attribution problem”. This is related to the fact that software engineers are actively hiding or misconstruing their identity while writing lines of code. In some cases, hackers are even using modified cyberweapons leaked from NSA servers (see EternalBlue, 2017).

In a Fifth Generation of cyberwar, simply knowing who your enemy is can be nearly impossible.

The Attribution Problem

The cyber attribution problem has highlighted the problems of traditional warfare, as almost all modern military doctrine requires knowing the identity of your enemy. This is where modern conflict begins to get outright frightening. Governments have routinely stated that cyberattacks can and will be responded to with kinetic force.

In the 2018 edition of the “U.S. Dept. of Defense Nuclear Posture Review” the U.S. government states that they reserve the right to respond to “non-nuclear strategic attacks” with “the employment of nuclear weapons”. The fatal flaw of nuclear deterrence is that it does not apply only to nuclear weapons.

“The United States would only consider the employment of nuclear weapons in extreme circumstances to defend the vital interests of the United States, its allies, and partners. Extreme circumstances could include significant non-nuclear strategic attacks .” (Insert Citation)

The Nuclear Posture Review itself mentions “Cyber” sixteen times. Considering some of the largest cyberattacks in history was started by teenagers, (Mirai botnet, 2016) the impact of The Cyber Attribution Problem on modern nuclear deterrent theory is quite literally insane.

“We used to be able to get into a room with an enemy, now they’re just floating in the ether,” -M speaking to Bond in No Time to Die, 2021

A new era begins.

The Birth of Fifth Generation Warfare

Social media in its essence (along with most of the internet today) is driven by for-profit cognitive programming, also known as advertising. Ads along with the exponentially growing set of “Advertising” data generated by billions of people have now been weaponized. The amount of data that can be collected on an individual is increasing exponentially.

We argue that the first compelling case of Fifth Generation Warfare was the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. This includes complete ambiguity of the opposing force, wide-scale societal engineering using data (see Cambridge Analytica), organized counterattacks between government and social media companies, censorship, and the direct attack on the decision making process of billions of people.

We encourage you to read the leaked internal Facebook report detailing precisely how this is taking place from the perspective of a computer scientist. It’s fascinating and very scary: “Stop the Steal and Patriot Party: The Growth and Mitigation of an Adversarial Harmful Movement”).

Unfortunately, the 2016 presidential election gets too political for most readers, as their own cognitive biases prevent the creation of a subjective Fifth Generation Warfare framework. We may update this section in the future, and continue our story of 5GW with something far less controversial.

Israel, May 2021: Operation Guardian of the Walls

The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) are masters of information warfare. Israel even has their own propaganda division of the military, the IDF Spokesperson Unit. They have a pretty cool logo, representing the propagation of radio waves.

The first 5GW conflict to evolve into a kinetic battle (excluding the storming of the U.S. Capitol a few months before) took place during the 2021 Israel–Palestine conflict. On May 13th, 2021, the IDF announced falsely on Twitter, and on the record to The Wall Street Journal, that “IDF air and ground troops are currently attacking in the Gaza Strip”. The IDF had announced that an Israeli invasion of Gaza had begun.

The New York Times then reported the following day that the announcement had been a deception, that no Israeli troops had stepped foot into Gaza. IDF further clarified the statement declaring that the intent of the announcement was to expose opposing Hamas forces (presumably using unmanned ISR) and destroy tunnel networks with precision-guided munitions.

Katz and Bohbot describe separately in their book “Weapon Wizards, 2017”, how IMSI-catchers and cellular network analysis were used to previously identify and destroy Hamas tunnels. If an IMSI “teleports” from one place to another, it’s a tunnel. A single fighter (likely many) forgetting to turn off their cellular transmitters after the news reports may have resulted in massive, heavy bombing attacks. There is so much data in our corner of the universe, that the absence of data can even provide information.

The IDF Spokesperson’s Unit announced two weeks after operation “Guardian of The Walls”, that the conflict was the “First AI war”. IDF continued to describe a system built by Unit 8200 that fused “signal intelligence (SIGINT), visual intelligence (VISINT), human intelligence ( HUMINT ), geographical intelligence (GEOINT)”. While such battlefield management systems (BMS, or C5ISR) have existed for years before the 2021 Gaza crisis, the announcements themselves combined with social media deception and precision-guided munitions represent a stark contrast to the Lind definition of fourth-generation warfare.

The IDF example does however lack “ambiguity of the opposing force”, but does include many unprecedented techniques and technologies- most notably using media as a weapon combined with unmanned ISR.

From here take a quick coffee break, before we dive even deeper into the strange, mind-bending and brain-frying world of Fifth Generation Warfare.

A Syndrome in Havana : A Symptom of Fifth Generation Warfare?

Our last example, Havana Syndrome , includes the purest form of Fifth Generation Warfare we have witnessed to date. It is also one of the weirdest. Havana Syndrome checks all of the 5GW boxes:

• Ambiguity of the opposing force.
• Ambiguity of attack vector.
• Dopamine loops.
• Triggering existing cognitive biases in target.
• Creating new cognitive biases.

In fact, Havana Syndrome is so obscure there is significant debate within the U.S. DoD on whether or not it even exists.

Havana Syndrome was first reported in and around the Cuban embassy in 2016 and has since been reported all around the world including Guangzhou, Hanoi, Berlin, and most notably Vienna, Austria.

Diplomats report hearing strange noises and headaches, resulting in significant neurological damage. The US Army Mad Science Lab interviewed Dr James Giordano, one of the doctors involved in researching the cases.

You should read the deleted report, it is extremely interesting: ( Link to report )

As Dr James Giordano describes to the U.S. Army Mad Science Lab:

“To date, there are over 100 validated cases of personnel being afflicted with the subjective symptoms and clinically validated objective signs representative of Havana syndrome… “ The acute symptoms are relatively ambiguous, in that some individuals report sensations of pressure in the head, ringing or buzzing in the ears, and feelings of confusion… “The majority of the originally affected individuals, and many of those subsequently affected have shown long-lasting, discernible neurological features that are evident upon physiologic testing and imaging…”.

To make things even more interesting, the State Department recently declared that 5GW was no attack at all, simply a cricket, Anurogryllus Celerinictus , and that psychogenic effects were the primary cause of reported health issues.

The Army report has since been deleted. We do love 5GW!

The last we checked, there is no Anurogryllus Celerinictus in Vienna or Berlin, but go read the DoD report for yourself. The very nature of the attack being ambiguous, and the heated debates between DoD and even CIA officials over causes and existence make “Havana Syndrome” fit perfectly into our 5GW framework.

Take a look at the DoD report on crickets: ( Source )

We surely have not seen the last of our friend Anurogryllus Celerinictus , and expect to see more attacks like this play out in the future. (We think it is a Massive MIMO attack using modded cell towers, but that’s story for another day)

History of Fifth Generation Warfare Summary:

5GW Checklist:

• Emerges from The Arab Spring.
• Solidified during the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
• The 2021 Israeli-Palestinian conflict was the first example of 5GW in kinetic battle.
• Havana Syndrome is pure 5GW.

From here, the future is incredibly uncertain. We lie at the brink of WWIII in Europe. Deep Fakes are being created by both sides. It is more important now than ever to begin thinking about 5GW. We have attempted to organize a framework of thought .

Our thinking on this is evolving rapidly, as cognitive bias plays a role in influencing each section of the OODA loop. Here are some recommendations:

Observe: What’s happening. Understand the battlespace, attempt to single out the opponent or describe key attributes. Get as much data as you can and hire the best people who can work with that data. China is doing this by building a network of “AI consultancies” around the earth, along with backdooring apps for kids to feed massive amounts of data back to Beijing. The U.S. does this by working with Facebook, ISPs, and controlling Android. Hedge funds have a lot of this data as well. Maintain caution when developing your own mass surveillance tools, as this may accelerate the systemic issues in your society, and the enemy will target these weak points within your own team. Mass surveillance generally poses more risks to civilization than benefits. Is mass surveillance a deterrent technology? This is open for debate and becomes increasingly relevant in 5GW.

Orient: Attempt to understand any pre-existing cultural biases you may have. 5GW attacks the decision-making ability using the biases as cognitive tools of influence. What memes do you like or political groups you do prefer, what are your fetishes and dislikes? What skeletons do you have in the closet? How do you use social media? How’s your relationship going with a loved one? All of this data is being harvested from your internet history and the spatial web and will be used against you in a world of Fifth Gen targeted warfare. (Most of this data is commercially available on the grey market).

Once you establish a psychological baseline, we can try to separate cultural biases from cognitive biases. A meme you viewed the day before can certainly impact decisions you are going to make today. The only recommendation we have here so far is to reduce your digital attack surface, go spend time in nature, and meditate. Meditate on your pre-existing cultural biases to build a baseline and understand where your ego will play in your subconscious decision-making processes. Humans really haven’t progressed very far in understanding this front, and some of the best work on this is thousands of years old. We recommend starting with the Bhagavad Gita.

Decide: We now have to choose the best strategy to recover faster, move forward, and act with minimal damage. See if you can test your hypotheses, and watch out for making the same decision over and over again. In many cases, you simply have to “move fast and break things”, and make sure that when you do Act that you get data. Have the means to analyze this data at scale and a plan for a complete breakdown in communications. Ideally, you have some insanely large supercomputers to help you, the latest Facebook Graph, and that you watch out for biases in your own algorithms. In many cases the Fractional Orbital Bombardment System will already be orbiting, your servers will be on fire, your comms backdoored, and you won’t have the pleasure of testing your theories.

Act: Pull the trigger, and get as much possible data as you can in the aftermath. In the end, we’re all human, this is what will be used against us.

We Are only at The Beginning of 5GW

Hopefully, we could give you a quick overview of what the hell 5GW is, its history, and how we can begin thinking about it. Our definition of a 5GW framework is evolving, and we encourage you to contribute to the conversation and challenge our thinking.

Denying that 5GW exists is incredibly dangerous, and we see a tremendous divide between the hackers and cryptographers we speak to and officials in the public sector. Most people we speak to at the DoD think we’re completely crazy.

The attacks that we will begin to see will quickly evolve beyond “crickets” and into the bizarre and seemingly impossible. It’s easy to get rather depressed about a future of biological and nuclear deterrence, massive social engineering attacks, and hypersonic proliferation concerns. But we must always remain positive.

Thinking about the world in regards to limited resources, (a war of “us” vs. “them”) is the root of much of the world’s issues. Our economy is moving digital, and incredible technologies are coming online that solve most of the resource-driven conflicts that we have seen historically:

• Petrochemical – Nuclear
• Drought – Desalination
• PetroDollar – DeFi
• Disease – mRNA/ CRISPR
• Advertising – Web3

Civilization requires a fundamental shift in our organizations and institutions towards a perspective of abundance, with a strong focus on defence based deterrence (e.g. password managers or the Iron Dome). Data is going to help us. Understanding and mastering 5GW is going to be key.

And to finish, we once asked a DARPA program manager how they stay optimistic about the future, having witnessed so many technologies that could wipe civilization off the face of this earth. The ex-program manager responded, “Civilization has been through a lot, they always get through!”

The future is going to be incredibly interesting, and we’re excited to see it.

5GW Recommendations :

• Use the OODA loop to build a framework of thinking.
• Understand basic cybersecurity: Use a password manager and hardware security keys. Understand your own biases, culture and those that have inflicted you (media, memes)
• Meditate and understand your own biases
• Map your electronic attack surface and Work to limit your digital footprint (e.g. who has access to your location data?)
• Attain complete technology awareness on your domain
• Map and visualize filter bubbles
• Assume your entire network is going to get attacked, taken offline and have a plan
• Do not underestimate blockchain, learn about zero knowledge proofs and DAOs. Read the Blockchain And Decentralized Systems by Pavel Kravchenko for everything you need to know technically. Read The Sovereign Individual for a good understanding on the societal implications.
• Assume all commercial cryptography is either backdoored or will be broken during the next great conflict
• Map your cryptographic roots or trust and have a key management plant
• Invest in modern communications equipment and “zero trust systems”
• Pay for security audits and Red teams if you are an organisation
• Red team your systems.
• Red team your people, perform simulated phishing exercises.
• 5GW is mostly defensive, but there are a few things to be done.
• Inoculation Theory. A fairly new concept for resisting social engineering, but a focus on reinforcing an idea by presenting the intended target with weak counterarguments. A recommendation from Over The Horizon: ( Link )
• Surveillance, Controversial but effective, at least in understanding a baseline.
• Censorship. Social media companies are a business of influencing cognitive bias.
• Generation of fake and alternative profiles and data, hide in the randomness. See Sybil attack, sock puppet accounts.
• Meme warfare.
• Make social media algorithms accountable and open. This is a major problem today as social media reinforces cognitive biases, generally for profit.

Essential reading on the history and future of propaganda, and information warfare:

• Massenpsychologie (Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego), Sigmund Freud, 1921.
• Propaganda, Edward Bernays, 1928 (heavily inspired Propaganda Minister Goebbels).
• The Ultra Secret, F.W. Winterbotham, 1974. The first “tech leak”, the book goes into detail in the breaking of the Enigma Codes at Bletchley Park, along with the propaganda campaigns organized by Churchill and Special Liaison Officers to hide Ultra’s use.
• Berlin Diary William L. Shirer, 1941. Describes the compelling account of WWII breaking out in Europe as it’s happening, as described by a CBS news correspondent. His descriptions of Nazi propaganda and arguments with censors is fascinating.
• Black Swan, Nassim Nicholas Taleb, 2007. Just read it.
• Snow Crash Neal Stephenson, 1992. (Science Fiction) An extremely entertaining account on information warfare, literally defined the “MetaVerse” and “Avatar”

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The Resolution of the Kashmir Issue between India and Pakistan can bring Peace and Prosperity to the Region. Discuss.

• Hamail Syed
• May 19, 2024
• Current Affairs , Daily Write-Ups , Featured , Kashmir Issue , Opinions , Pak-India Relations , Pakistan's External Affairs

CSS Pakistan Affairs | Kashmir Issue Resolution

The following question of CSS Pakistan Affairs is solved by Hamail Syed under the supervision of Howfiv’s Pakistan Affairs Coaches.  She learnt how to attempt 20 marks question and essay writing from  Sir Syed Kazim Ali , Pakistan’s best CSS and PMS English essay and precis teacher with the highest success rate of his students. This solved past paper question is attempted on the pattern taught by Sir to his students, scoring the highest marks in compulsory and optional subjects for years, and uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, how to write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.

1-Introduction

2-A glance at the history of the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan

• ✓ The Treaty of Accession
• ✓ Inclusion of Gurdaspur to India

3-How can the resolution of Kashmir between India and Pakistan bring peace and prosperity to the region? 

• ✓ By decreasing the arms race between the two states
• Evidence:  India tested a nuclear-capable intercontinental ballistic missile named Agni-V in 2021. Likewise, on January 20, 2021, Pakistan tested its Shaheen 3 ballistic missile.
• ✓ By spending a significant portion of a country’s GDP on human development instead of military expenditures
• Evidence:  According to the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad (ISSI) Report, 2023, “On February 1, 2023, India increased its defence budget to approximately 72.6 billion dollars, whereas Pakistan has invested 8.3 billion dollars in defence.”
• ✓ By enhancing trade relationships
• Evidence:  According to Michael Kugelman’s research article’ Pakistan-India Trade Relationship: Prospects, Profits, and Pitfalls, ‘ the current trade volume between India and Pakistan is less than 3 billion dollars, but it can soar to 40 billion dollars after trade normalization.
• ✓ By ending the 5th generation of warfare
• Evidence:  In 2019, EU DisinfoLab, a Brussels-based disinformation watchdog, cracked open a massive 15-year-old Indian operation targeting international institutions, including the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU), with over 750 fake local media outlets and more than ten dead NGOs to serve Indian interests and amplify content to undermine Pakistan.
• ✓ By granting fundamental human rights to Kashmiris
• Evidence:  According to the Amnesty International Report, 2020, “The people of Jammu and Kashmir have been facing grave abuse of their rights for decades, which includes unlawful killings and arbitrary detentions. The situation only worsened for them after the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019.”
• ✓ By enabling SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) to achieve its goals
• Evidence:  AK Abdul Momen, Bangladesh’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, blamed India and Pakistan’s animosity as the main reason SAARC is unprosperous.

  4-Recommendations to resolve the Kashmir issue for good to bring peace to the region

• ✓ Sweden-Finland Aland-Island Model
• ✓ China as a mediator

5-Conclusion

Answer to the Question

Introduction

Since partition, the dispute over Kashmir has been a bone of contention between India and Pakistan. It is considered the nuclear flash point of the South Asian region, as it poses a serious threat to the region’s peace and security. Historically, India and Pakistan have fought three wars over this issue, including 1948, 1965, and 1999, since 1947. Both rivals have been engaged in border skirmishes often. Unquestionably, this conflict has triggered a nuclear arms race in the region, which can disturb peace and stability in the future. Thus, the solution is crucial at the earliest. India and Pakistan cannot move forward on the path of normalization for the region’s betterment unless the dispute is resolved. As the peace of South Asia continues to remain hostage to this dispute, the resolution of the Kashmir issue can undeniably bring peace and stability to the region.  A Russian Finance Minister once said at the Davos annual economic forum that there could not be peace in the subcontinent without solving the Kashmir dispute . This fact indicates that the resolution of the Kashmir issue can ensure peace and prosperity in the South Asian Region by decreasing the arms race between the nuclear power rivals, India and Pakistan, enhancing trade relationships, ending the 5th generation of warfare, and enabling the SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) to achieve its goals. Thus, by resolving the Kashmir issue, the South Asian region can become a peaceful and prosperous region in which to live.

A glance at the history of the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan

Historically, the conflict in Kashmir could be traced back to the  Treaty of Amritsar of 1846 , which provided Kashmir to Maharaja Gulab Singh under British colonial rule. Further, Kashmir, as a Muslim-majority state, was ruled by Hindu Maharajas from 1846 until 1947, and the century-old Dogra rule proved unfavourable for the Muslim community in Kashmir. As a result, in 1946, the National Conference, a political party in Kashmir headed by Shiekh Abdullah, launched the ‘Quit Kashmir’ movement, asking the Maharaja to hand over the power to the people. Moreover, when Lord Mountbatten announced the partition plan in June 1947, it was declared that all Hindu majority areas would form India, Muslim areas would make Pakistan, and princely states would be given the right to choose whether to side with India or Pakistan according to religion and geographical proximity. While the Maharaja of Kashmir was delaying his decision to accession, an indigenous revolt took place in the Poonch region, which Pashtoon tribesmen later joined. At that time, Maharaja rushed to the Indian government, asking for its help to curb the revolt, and India exploited the opportunity and made him sign the  Treaty of Accession . As a result, the Indian military occupied that region forcefully. Besides that, another vital cause of the Kashmir issue is the unfair division of territories under the Radcliffe Awards.  For example, Cyril Radcliffe gave Gurdaspur, a princely state with a Muslim majority, to India, providing India with a road link to Jammu and Kashmir.  This fact shows that the inclusion of Gurdaspur in Indian territory provided a corridor for the Indian military to reach Kashmir. It was against this backdrop that India and Pakistan fought and ended their first war in December 1947 with the intervention of the United Nations (UN) at the request of India, which instantly internationalized the Kashmir conflict right at its beginning. 

How can the resolution of Kashmir between India and Pakistan bring peace and prosperity to the region? 

Unquestionably, the resolution of the Kashmir conflict and the peace in the South Asian region are interlinked; therefore, the solution to this problem can bring peace and stability to the region. In this regard, various prospects of the Kashmir resolution have been discussed, ensuring regional prosperity. 

First, the solution to the Kashmir issue can ensure peace in the South Asian region since it can decrease the arms race between Pakistan and India. Evidently, Pakistan and India have been arch-enemies since their independence from British rule. Additionally, there have been over four full-fledged armed conflicts, countless border skirmishes, and cross-border ceasefire violations between these nuclear-power neighbouring states, mainly over the Kashmir dispute. As a result, the mutual relationships between both states have often nosedived to the point where nuclear conflagration seemed like a real possibility. Indeed, both states are in a security dilemma mainly due to the Kashmir conflict, leading to an arms race.  For example, India tested a nuclear-capable intercontinental ballistic missile named Agni-V in 2021. Likewise, on January 20, 2021, Pakistan tested its Shaheen-III ballistic missile.  This shows that both states are engaged in a vicious cycle of arms races, destabilizing the region. Evidently, when the Kashmir issue is resolved, the arms race and the nuclear war risk may diminish, bringing peace and stability to the region. Therefore, regional peace and the solution to Kashmir are interlinked. In a nutshell, the resolution of the Kashmir conflict can bring peace and stability to the region because, after that, the arms race between India and Pakistan can come to an end, fostering cooperation between states.

• ✓ By spending a major portion of a country’s GDP on human development instead of military expenditures

Second, the solution to the Kashmir conflict can promote human development in states, pulling the region out of the abyss of poverty. Basically, when countries, including India and Pakistan, are going to invest the majority of their country’s budget in economic and human development instead of military expenditures, skilled human capital may accumulate in states, bringing prosperity and stability to the region. Unfortunately, due to the non-resolution of the Kashmir issue, Pakistan and India, two developing states, invest heavily in military expenditures to maintain a balance of power, putting a strain on the national economy. As a result, the people of both states suffer economically, fighting poverty, unemployment, etc. Undoubtedly, India is the fifth-largest military spender in the world, and Pakistan spends a significant portion of its GDP on defence to neutralize Indian military gains.  According to the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad (ISSI) Report, 2023, “On February 1, 2023, India increased its defence budget to approximately 72.6 billion dollars whereas Pakistan has invested 8.3 billion dollars in defence.”  This fact signifies that both countries have invested huge amounts of resources in military expenditures, as they both went to three wars over the Kashmir conflict, disrupting the peace in the region. However, the resolution of the Kashmir dispute can eliminate the security dilemma, and Pakistan and India may focus more on human development and economic progress than on expanding military might. In this way, regional peace can be attained by solving the Kashmir issue.

Third, healthy trade relationships between nations are one of the most vital aspects ensuring the region’s peace. Therefore, after the resolution of the Kashmir dispute between the nuclear-powered nations, trade relations between the two rival nations would be normalized. Further, both nations can climb the ladder of success by generating handsome revenue and tapping their geographical boundaries’ full potential, thereby allowing the South Asian states to form an economic corridor.  According to the research article’ Pakistan-India Trade Relationship: Prospects, Profits, and Pitfalls’ by Michael Kugelman, “The current trade volume between India and Pakistan is less than 3 billion dollars, but it can soar to 40 billion dollars after the trade normalization.”  This fact indicates that South Asian countries, like India and Pakistan, can come out of the vicious cycle of debt traps, poverty, and economic crises if they resolve the Kashmir conflict, leading the region towards peace and stability. As a matter of fact, the trade relationship between India and Pakistan has been halted since 2019 when India revoked Articles 370 and 35-A of the Indian Constitution. Due to this border conflict between the two nations, the South Asian nations cannot form an economic corridor, bringing instability and poverty to the region. Moreover, due to the rivalry between Pakistan and India, India rejected the proposal of inclusion in the One Belt and One Road initiative, undermining the economic corporations among the states. Indeed, by resolving the Kashmir dispute, the two states can indulge in a vacuous cycle of economic cooperation, boosting trade on both sides, and, ultimately, bringing the region’s peace and stability.

Fourth, the resolution of the Kashmir dispute can end the 5th generation of warfare between Pakistan and India, bringing peace and stability to the region. Basically, India is using 5th-generation warfare, the spread of misinformation and propaganda with the help of the media and artificial intelligence, to tarnish the reputation of Pakistan in the world. Moreover, India has used its influence in the international media to disseminate false information about Pakistan, tarnishing the positive image of Pakistan at the global level.  For example, in 2019, EU DisinfoLab, a Brussels-based disinformation watchdog, cracked open a massive 15-year-old Indian operation targeting international institutions, including the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU), with over 750 fake local media outlets and more than ten dead NGOs to serve Indian interests and amplify content to undermine Pakistan.  This fact shows that India is working towards its evil objective of damaging Pakistan’s reputation abroad. Indeed, Pakistan’s worldwide reputation has been seriously injured by India’s diplomatic efforts and negative media campaigns; consequently, Pakistan has been added to the FATF’s grey list. Further, if the Indian efforts are successful, Gwadar and the CPEC would be significantly impacted, crippling not only the economic prosperity of Pakistan but also the peace in the region. However, this 5th generation of warfare between the two states can be halted by resolving the Kashmir issue. After 75 years of border conflict resolution, India may end its rivalry with Pakistan, and both nations can be integrated socially and economically, making the region peaceful and prosperous. To sum up, resolving the Kashmir issue can bring peace and stability to the South Asian region. 

Fifth, after the solution of the Kashmir dispute, the people of Kashmir can get their fundamental human rights that the Indian government is now snatching. Unfortunately, the South Asian region, closely behind that of sub-Saharan Africa, is also one of the world’s most poverty-stricken regions. Its social indicators, such as hunger and nutrition, health and education, drinking water, and sanitation, are poor in the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) matrixes. Basically, wars and conflicts among nations are responsible for the miserable condition of the South Asian region. The wars between India and Pakistan on the Kashmir issue are the manifestation of conflicts in the region. Unfortunately, the people of Kashmir have been suffering from the atrocities of the Indian military since 1947. They are subjected to various types of torture; they are not allowed to get an education, and there are no ample health facilities for them. The people of Kashmir have been subjected to curfews, and they are unable to exercise their basic human rights.  According to the Amnesty International Report, 2020, “The people of Jammu and Kashmir have been facing grave abuse of their rights for decades, which includes unlawful killings and arbitrary detentions. The situation only worsened for them after the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019.”  This fact shows that in Indian Illegally Occupied Kashmir (IIOK), there have been sheer violations of human rights. However, the people of Kashmir can get their basic rights to education, health facilities, clean drinking water, and ample food and nutrition through the resolution of the Kashmir issue, bringing sustainable development to the region. Certainly, when the Kashmir issue is resolved, the people of Kashmir can get their rights; as a result, 15 million people in Kashmir can contribute to economic activities, making the region stable, prosperous, and peaceful. 

Sixth, after resolving the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan, the SAARC, a regional organization, can achieve its goals of bringing regional cooperation and enhancing trade relationships among states. The bitter contours of India-Pakistan relations have negatively affected the overall functioning of SAARC. Due to the Indo-Pakistan rivalry since its inception, many SAARC summits got cancelled, hampering the success of the regional organization.  According to Article III of the SAARC Charter, “The Heads of State or Government shall meet once a year.”  However, this provision is more honoured in its breach than its observance.  According to the research article ‘SAARC Summits 1985-2016: The Cancellation Phenomenon’ by Dr. Manzoor Ahmed, “SAARC has held only 18 Summits in the last 31 years since its inception in 1985.”  This fact indicates that many SAARC summits got outright cancelled, as India cancelled the 2016 SAARC summit that was going to be held in Islamabad.  Moreover, AK Abdul Momen, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bangladesh, blamed India and Pakistan’s animosity as the main reason why SAARC is unprosperous.  This fact signifies that conflicts like the Kashmir dispute impede the progress of SAARC and the regional organization, undermining the region’s development. On the flip side, the resolution of the Kashmir issue can bring India and Pakistan closer to each other; as a result, both nations can play their role in achieving success through the regional platform, SAARC, rather than blaming each other for terror activities. When SAARC plays its role in making collective progress, the energy crunch, poverty, and economic crisis of South Asian countries could be resolved by utilizing the full potential of trade agreements such as SAPTA (SAARC Preferential Trading Agreement). Hence, in this way, the Kashmir resolution can bring peace and stability to the region.

Recommendations to resolve the Kashmir issue for good to bring peace to the region

The conflict between Pakistan and India has expanded to a vast level, yet it can be resolved if tackled sagaciously. Some possible solutions to the Kashmir problem are discussed below. 

To begin with, it is imperative to resolve the main conflicting point, the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan, to make the region peaceful and stable.  In this setting, the Sweden-Finland-Aland-Island Model presents a glaring example of the possible solution that can be applied to Kashmir, bringing peace and prosperity not only to the people of Kashmir but also to the people of South Asia.  Basically, Swedish nationals in Finland controlled the island. They wanted to unite it with Sweden, but Finland did not let them do so. With the League of Nations appointed as an arbitrator in 1921, the island was an autonomous territory. Finland retains nominal sovereignty over the island with an obligation to ensure linguistic rights (Swedish language) and the culture and heritage of Aland residents. Moreover, the island enjoys a neutral and demilitarized status; it has its flag, postage stamps, and police force. It is pertinent to highlight that Aland joined the European Union voluntarily in 1994. Conclusively, Aland is a self-governing entity that manages the conflicting interests of rival communities. Such a model, giving self-governing authority to Kashmir, should be adopted to resolve the dispute. Thus, this border conflict can be resolved between the two nations by giving autonomous status to Kashmir. 

Next, China can play a role as a mediator in solving the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan, as China aims to integrate the world economically. Certainly, only a superpower country can resolve the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan by acting as a mediator. Currently, the United States (US), the superpower, cannot act as a mediator to resolve this conflict because it uses India, a major ally of the US, to counter China’s influence in the region. This is why India became the first major country in South Asia to reject the Chinese vision of the Belt Road Initiative (BRI). Hence, the US, being a superpower, will never condemn the human rights abuses conducted by India in Kashmir. Unlike the US, China wants peace in the region to succeed in its BRI program. In addition, peace and stability in the region are undermined as terrorism and extremism have surged mainly due to the Kashmir dispute. Undeniably, without the resolution of the Kashmir dispute, peace in South Asia will be a distant dream. Thus, China can become a mediator in the Kashmir dispute after becoming a global power and finding the solution to this thorny issue because China prefers peace over everything else.

Conclusively , the conflict in Kashmir between India and Pakistan is undoubtedly a major obstacle to promoting regional integration as well as bringing peace to South Asia because, due to this issue, both countries have been indulged in a never-ending cycle of arms race and violence. In this regard, mistrust and animosity keep spiraling, manifesting in long-drawn, low-intensity conflicts between the two states. Besides that, the Kashmir conflict hinders the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in achieving its goals. The conflict is also responsible for the nuclearization of South Asia. Certainly, the Kashmir issue is a severe threat to the security of South Asia. In a nutshell, the largest problem in Kashmir between India and Pakistan is like a time bomb that can bring unlimited sorrow and suffering to the people of the region. Undoubtedly, regional peace and the Kashmir issue are interconnected. Further, the resolution of Kashmir can bring prosperity to the South Asian region by decreasing the arms race, the security dilemma, 5th generation warfare, enhancing trade relationships and enabling the SAARC to achieve its goals, ultimately making the region peaceful and stable. 

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Episode 441 – Your Guide to 5th-Generation Warfare

by Corbett | Apr 18, 2023 | Podcasts , Videos | 45 comments

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We are in the middle of a world-changing war. This is no ordinary war, however. Most of the victims of this warfare aren’t even able to identify it as war, nor do they understand that they are combatants in it. It’s called fifth-generation warfare, and I’m here to tell you all about it.

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TRANSCRIPT AND SOURCES

We are in the middle of a world-changing war right now.

Oh, I don’t mean the war in Ukraine, the one that all the media are asking you to focus your attention on. Yes, that conflict continues to escalate, and every day there are new stories about provocations and threats that could lead to a nuclear exchange . . . but that’s not the war I’m referring to.

No, the war  I’m talking about is an even broader war. A war that is taking place everywhere on the globe, even as I speak, and that involves virtually everyone on the planet, young and old, male and female, military and civilian. It is the war of every government against its own population and every international institution against free humanity.

This is no ordinary war, however. Most of the victims of this warfare aren’t even able to identify it as war, nor do they understand that they are combatants in it.

It’s called fifth-generation warfare, and I’m here to tell you all about it.

I am James Corbett of The Corbett Report and this is Your Guide to Fifth-Generation Warfare

WHAT IS FIFTH-GENERATION WARFARE?

What is fifth-generation warfare, anyway? And, come to think of it, what were the first four generations of warfare?

Good questions. For an in-depth answer to the latter question, you’ll want to read “ The Changing Face of War: Into the Fourth Generation “—a 1989 article from the  Marine Corps Gazette  co-authored by William S. Lind—and you’ll want to watch “ William S. Lind & Philip Giraldi – Fourth Generation Warfare & The Deep State .”

WILLIAM S. LIND : This city and every capital in the world is completely oblivious to the fact that it is caught up in a change in warfare so great that it not only makes our current defense and foreign policies obsolete, it essentially makes obsolete the whole framework within which we think about defense and foreign policy. [. . .] The change is what I call the rise of fourth generation war and this is specifically the fourth generation of modern war. [. . .] We now think of foreign affairs and defense within the framework of the nation-state. Armed forces are designed to fight other state armed forces. But that reality is changing. [. . .] What’s happening around the world today in more and more places is that state armed forces find them find themselves fighting not other state armed forces, but fourth-generation forces. Non-state forces. SOURCE: The State and Modern War

In a nutshell, Lind et al.’s thesis is that the “modern age” of warfare began with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, which, Lind opines, “gave the state a monopoly on war.” From that point on, modern warfare went through three generations, namely:

• First-generation warfare : the tactics of line and column, developed in the era of the smoothbore musket;
• Second-generation warfare : the tactics of indirect fire and mass movement, developed in the era of the rifled musket, breechloaders, barbed wire and the machine gun; and
• Third-generation warfare : the tactics of nonlinear movement, including maneuver and infiltration, developed in response to the increase in battlefield firepower in WWI.

This, according to Lind and his co-authors, brought us to the late-20th century, when the nation-state began to lose its monopoly on war and military combat returned to a decentralized form. In this era—the era of  fourth-generation warfare —the line between “civilian” and “military” become blurred, armies tend to engage in counter-insurgency operations rather than military battles, and enemies are often motivated by ideology and religion, making psychological operations more important than ever.

But, some argue, we have now entered a new era of warfare, namely  fifth-generation warfare .

There is still much debate about what defines fifth-generation warfare, how we know we’re engaged in it, or even if it exists at all (Lind, for one, rejects the concept). Various scholars have made their own attempts at defining fifth-generation warfare (5GW), like Dr. Waseem Ahmad Qureshi, who identifies it  as “the battle of perceptions and information,” or Qiao Liang and Wang Xiangsui of the People’s Liberation Army, who write of the era of “ Unrestricted Warfare ” in which “a relative reduction in military violence” has led to “an increase in political, economic, and technological violence.”

If academic debates about the changing nature of warfare are your thing, then there’s plenty of reading for you to do on the subject, from  The Handbook of 5GW: A Fifth Generation of War?  to a  slew of academic articles .

But for the purposes of this editorial, I’m not interested in that debate. In fact, we’re going to use a decidedly non-academic definition of fifth-generation warfare from  an Al Jazeera article as our starting point: “The basic idea behind this term [5GW] is that in the modern era, wars are not fought by armies or guerrillas, but in the minds of common citizens.”

There are two important things to note about this definition. The first is that fifth-generation warfare is not waged against either standing armies of nation-states or guerrilla insurgents but against everyday citizens. The second is that this war is not being fought in a battlefield somewhere, but in the mind.

I will expand the definition somewhat to include the fact that this war is being waged at all levels, not just the mental. The gist of it is this: Fifth-generation warfare is an all-out war that is being waged against all of us by our governments and the international organizations to which they belong. It is being waged against each and every one of us right now, and it is a battle for full-spectrum dominance over every single aspect of your life: your movements and interactions, your transactions, even your innermost thoughts and feelings and desires. Governments the world over are working with corporations to leverage technology to control you down to the genomic level, and they will not stop until each and every person who resists them is subdued or eliminated.

The most incredible part of all of this is that so few know that the war is even taking place, let alone that they are a combatant in it.

The best way to understand this war is to look at some of the ways that it is being waged against us.

INFORMATION WARFARE

Stop me if you’ve heard this before, but this is an infowar and the powers-that-shouldn’t-be are engaged in “a war for your mind.”

Of course, you have heard of “Infowars” if you’ve been in the alternative media space for any length of time. And for good reason: information warfare is an absolutely essential part of the war on everyone that defines fifth-generation warfare.

The most obvious way to understand this is to look at the actual military forces that are engaging in psychological operations against their own citizens.

DAN DICKS : It says here : “A letter from the Nova Scotia government sent out to residents to warn about a pack of wolves on the loose in the province was forged by Canadian military personnel as part of a propaganda training mission that went off the rails. “The letter told residents to be wary of wolves that had been reintroduced into the area by the provincial and federal governments and warned the animals were now roaming the Annapolis Valley. The letter, which later became public, sparked concern and questions among residents but was later branded as ‘fake’ by the Nova Scotia government which didn’t know the military was behind the deception. “The training also involved using a loudspeaker to generate wolf sounds, the Canadian Forces confirmed to this newspaper.” Guys, let that sink in for a second. They created a fake letter from the government, put it out there saying that there’s dangerous wolves, and they set up loud speakers in the area projecting out wolf noises! This isn’t just research, you know. This isn’t just a training exercise. They’re actively engaging in this psychological operation to scare people using loudspeakers. This is unbelievable. SOURCE: Canadian Military Fake Wolves Fear Campaign Exposed! but You Won’T Believe What They Are Doing Next!

But it’s not just out-and-out military operations by soldiers dressed up in camo fatigues that are part of this fifth-generation infowar. In the war on everyone, the establishment uses every means at its disposal to manipulate the public’s perception.

Thus, Richard Stengel—the former editor of  Time  who bestowed  Time ‘s person of the year (dis)honour on You!  back in 2006—is happy to chair a Council on Foreign Relations conversation in which he  defends the US government’s use of propaganda against its own citizens .

RICHARD STENGEL : Basically, every country creates their own narrative story. And, you know, my old job at the State Department was what people used to joke as the chief propagandist job. We haven’t talked about propaganda. I’m not against propaganda. Every country does it and they have to do it to their own population and I don’t necessarily think it’s that awful. SOURCE: Political Disruptions: Combating Disinformation and Fake News

Or take Hill & Knowlton—the PR firm hired by the Kuwaiti government to create the Nayirah deception in the First Gulf War . . .

“NAYIRAH” : They took the babies out of incubators  . . . They took the incubators and left the children to die on the cold floor. SOURCE: Human Rights Violations in Kuwait

. . . who were retained by the WHO in 2020 to identify celebrity “influencers” who could be used to amplify the scamdemic messaging.

ANNOUNCER : The One World Together At Home event showcased a Who’s Who of top music stars and celebrities, who came together over the weekend for a special broadcast of music, comedy and personal messages, all in gratitude to those around the world on the front lines of the coronavirus pandemic. MATTHEW MCCONAUGHEY : So what can we do? We’ve got to take care of our health workers and we’ve got to buy them time by taking care of ourselves. ANNOUNCER : The event was led by the World Health Organization and the non-profit group, Global Citizen. SOURCE: Celebrities Perform Virtual ‘One World’ Concert: ‘A Love Letter to the World’

Or take the UK government’s Scientific Pandemic Influenza Group on Behaviours , which outright admits  that they use psychological techniques to manipulate the public into fearing the scamdemic, a move that some of the  panel members called “totalitarian”  . . . and no one bats an eyelid.

Perhaps the most insidious part of the fifth-generation infowar is that it has become so normalized that everyone knows it is happening, but no one thinks of it as warfare.  Of course  everything is “advertising” and “propaganda.” And  of course  it’s being used to manipulate our behaviour. That’s just how the world works, isn’t it?

But we ignore the real nature of the infowar at our own peril. After all, I have often observed that this is a war for your mind and that the most contested battlespace in the world is the space between your ears. You might have thought I meant that metaphorically, but actually I mean it quite literally. Which brings us to . . .

NEUROLOGICAL WARFARE

If you listen to Dr. James Giordano speak without listening to what he’s saying, you get the impression he is merely an articulate, well-informed scientist who is passionate about his research. When you  do   listen to what he’s saying , however—or even just look at his PowerPoint slides, like the “NeuroS/T for NSID” slide —you realize that he is  Dr. Strangelove . Or, if not Dr. Strangelove himself, then at least Dr. Strangelove’s spokesman.

But it’s not nuclear Armageddon that motivates Giordano, it’s what he calls “weapons of mass disruption”—the various technologies for neurological intervention that the US military and militaries around the world are developing.

These include (in Giordano’s well-rehearsed patter) the “drugs, bugs, toxins and devices” that can either enhance or disrupt the cognitive functions of their target, like the “high CNS aggregation” nanoparticulates that, according to Giordano, “clump in the brain or in the vasculature” and “create essentially what looks like a hemorrhagic diathesis.” As sci-fi as this sounds, he insists these nanoparticulates (and many, many other horrific neurological weapons) are  already being worked on:

JAMES GIORDANO : The idea here is that I can get with something called high CNS aggregation material that is essentially invisible to the naked eye and even to most scanners because it is so small that it selectively goes through most levels of filter porosity. These are then inhaled—either through the nasal mucosa or absorbed through the oral mucosa. They have high CNS affinity. They clump in the brain or in the vasculature and they create essentially what looks like a hemorrhagic diathesis; in other words, a hemorrhage predisposition or a clot predisposition in the brain. What I’ve done is I’ve created a stroking agent, and it’s very, very difficult to gain attribution to do that. I can use that on a variety of levels, from the individual to the group. Highly disruptive. And, in fact, this is one of the things that has been entertained and examined to some extent by my colleagues in NATO and to those who are working on the worst use of neurobiological sciences to create populational disruption. Very, very worried about the potential for these nanoparticulate agents to be CNS aggregating agents to cause neural disruption. SOURCE: Brain Science from Bench to Battlefield: The Realities – and Risks – of Neuroweapons | CGSR Seminar

And just in case you didn’t get the point, you’ll notice he illustrates his slide with an image of a human brain in the crosshairs of one of these neurological weapons. There’s nothing hard to understand about the picture that is being painted here: we are at war with an enemy who is literally targeting our brains.

But yet again, it isn’t just the literal use of neurological weapons by conventional militaries in conventional warfare settings that we—the largely unwitting combatants of the fifth-generation war on everyone—have to worry about. As my listeners already know,  avowed technocrat  Elon Musk is trying to sell his Neuralink brain chip technology to the hipster crowd as a cool and sexy way to upgrade your cognition . . . or so that the coming  AI godhead will have mercy on us . Or something like that. Anyway, you should totally stick the Neuralink in your head at your earliest opportunity! And definitely  don’t ask any questions about why so many of the macaque monkeys and other test animals that Neuralink was using as test animals in their “brain-machine interface” experiment  have dropped dead .

To anyone not yet a victim of the information warfare operation designed to prepare humanity for the coming transhuman dystopia, all of this sounds insane. But for those who  have  fallen for the infowars psyop of the enemy, these types of mind-altering technologies are exactly as advertised: exciting opportunities to “upgrade” the feeble biological wetware we call our brain.

But if you think you can avoid the biological aspect of the fifth-generation war by simply avoiding the brain chip, you’re out of luck. You’re also going to have to deal with . . .

BIOLOGICAL WARFARE

The biowarfare narrative is, understandably, back at the forefront of the public consciousness in recent years, not just because of the scamdemic but also because of the questions being raised about the  US-backed Ukrainian biolabs  and whatever work they may or may not be doing on Russia’s doorstep.

This picture , for example, comes straight from Army.mil , which was only too happy to brag as recently as last July [2021] that US soldiers were conducting “hands-on training and field training exercises with Ukrainian troops in laboratory and field environments” that included ensuring the readiness of “deployable mobile laboratories.” Nothing to see here, folks. (Perhaps the only surprising thing about the article is that they haven’t scrubbed it from their website . . . yet.)

Yet, once again, if we are only thinking of biowarfare in conventional military terms, we neglect the much, much wider operation to manipulate, control and weaponize all aspects of our environment, our food supply and even our genome itself for the purposes of the ruling oligarchs. This fifth-generation biological warfare being waged against us includes:

• The mRNA and DNA and genetically-modified adenovirus vector “ vaccines ” that have been “normalized” over the past two years and which, as the  miraculously “lucky” companies  that bet it all on this technology  like to brag , is re-programming the “software of life.”
• The genetically-modified organisms—both gmo crops and gmo animals—that are now being  unleashed upon the world  in an  uncontrolled experiment  that puts  our health  and the very future of the biosphere in jeopardy.
• The push toward synthetic, lab-based “food” that is being  funded by the usual eugenicist billionaires  and which threatens to sever humanity from the natural abundance of the earth, make us dependent on an increasingly shrinking number of companies for our food supply, and, ultimately, to drive us toward a  Soylent Green -style future.

I’m sure you can fill in the blanks with myriad other examples of the attacks upon the world’s air, water and biome that constitute this unconstrained fifth-generation biological war being waged against us.

When and if you  do  put the pieces of this puzzle together and seek to warn people en masse that they are under attack, your ability to resist this agenda will be predicated on your ability to use your accumulated resources (your wealth) to foster communities of resistance. Don’t worry, though; the enemy has that domain covered, too. . . .

ECONOMIC WARFARE

Given the events of recent weeks, even the sleepiest of the sleepy now realize that we are in a period of economic warfare.

This war, too, has its conventional aspects. On the 2D board, we’ve seen the NATO empire launch its  Weapons of Financial Destruction  at Russia in recent weeks, and, exactly  as predicted , it has resulted in the consolidation of a convenient geopolitical bogeyman bloc and a gigantic loss of faith in the international monetary system itself. And, also  as predicted , it has supplied the “Problem” and “Reaction” needed for the technocrats to present their pre-determined “Solution” of  Central Bank Digital Currencies  (CBDCs). Just ask  Larry Fink , CEO of BlackRock:

The war will prompt countries to re-evaluate their currency dependencies. Even before the war, several governments were looking to play a more active role in digital currencies and define the regulatory frameworks under which they operate .

This is not merely a battle between nation-states or even competing power blocs. This is a battle being waged by every authoritarian power structure and every government (but I repeat myself) against their own citizens for control of the most important resource of all: their wallets.

Yes, we are seeing the beginning of a truly world-historic moment: the collapse of Pax Americana, the death of the dollar reserve system, and the beginning of an entirely new monetary paradigm, the “Central Bank Digital Currency” system of programmable money that will be able to algorithmically control when, how and if you are allowed to transact in the economy at all. We only have to look to  recent events in Canada  to understand what this will look like.

This perfect control of humanity down to the level of being able to witness and, ultimately, to allow or disallow any transaction between any individuals at any time, represents the apotheosis of technocracy and one of the key objectives of the fifth-generation war itself. As this nightmare comes closer and closer to reality, all seems hopeless.

But then again, that’s  exactly the point . . . .

THE REAL WAR

I could  go on . And  on  and  on  and  on . But hopefully you get the point by now: There is a world war happening right now. It is a fifth-generation war (or whatever you want to call it). It is being waged across every domain simultaneously. It is a war for full-spectrum dominance of every battlefield and every terrain, from the farthest reaches of the globe ( and beyond ) to the inner spaces of your body and even to your innermost thoughts. And it is a war on you.

Recognizing this, the task we face seems nearly insurmountable. How are we to fight back in a war that the majority of people don’t even recognize is taking place? How do we fight back against an enemy that has spent decades refining its weapons of economic and military and technological and biological control? How do we fight back in a war that is not taking place on two fronts or even three fronts, but in every domain and battlespace  simultaneously ?

Framed like this, our prospects do indeed appear hopeless. But therein lies the key: our perception that it is our duty to “fight back” against the enemy in  their  war on  their  battlefield on  their  terms of engagement is  itself  a narrative frame. And that narrative  itself  is a weapon that is being wielded against us in the battle for our minds.

You’ll allow me space here to quote myself at length because this is a point I have made many times before, perhaps most notably in my conversation on “ The Anatomy of the New World Order ” that I had with Julian Charles on  The Mind Renewed podcast ten years ago:

I’m intrigued by the idea that we’ve been given false templates to follow in terms of solving our problems—one being to “fight our enemies”—templates provided for us through so much social conditioning and the media. Here, the idea is that we must find the heart or the head of the organization and somehow kill that person or that group, or whatever it is; eliminate that, and everything will magically turn to the better! Thinking in broad terms, that false template appears in virtually every science fiction dystopia you’ve ever seen: if it turns out well in the end, it’s only because they have managed to decapitate the Head of the Beast, whether it be  The Lord of the Rings  or  Tron , or any such movie. I think that’s fundamentally and completely the wrong way to look at it, because at the end of the day the particular individuals who may or may not be holding the ‘Ring of Power’ are replaceable. Indeed, there are very many people who would be chomping at the bit to get into that position of power should that old guard be swept away for whatever reason. I think what’s needed is a more fundamental revolution: not of overthrowing a specific instantiation of this idea, but of overthrowing the idea altogether. And that can only come, I think, from building up an alternative system to which people actually want to apply themselves. I think we have to detach ourselves from this system that we’ve been woven into. Unfortunately that’s probably as difficult to do as that analogy would make it sound, because we are so woven into the fabric of society that it’s difficult to imagine extricating ourselves from all these processes. We rely for so many of our daily needs on this vast, unwieldy corporate system that ties into these very organizations that pull the strings of governmental institutions, that it can seem quite overwhelming. How can a single individual affect this? But I think we have to look for any and every possible point at which we can start to detach ourselves from those systems of control, and to start to reassert some kind of independence. That can be an extremely small thing like, just for example: instead of buying groceries at the grocery store, perhaps buy them at a farmers’ market, or at least some of your groceries. Or perhaps you could grow them yourself in a vegetable garden. Something of that sort is a tiny thing on the individual level, but I think it’s the only thing in the long run that can lead to the type of society we want to bring to fruition. Again, I think it’s small things like that, if we start to apply ourselves with diligence and perseverance, that will eventually be able to overthrow this. But, unfortunately, as I say, we are on the cusp of this scientific revolution which makes scientific dictatorship possible, so unfortunately we don’t necessarily have generations of time. That gives a time perspective to all this—I won’t say it’s a time bomb—but you get the idea. We don’t have a lot of time to waste. We have a choice. Either we continue going into this technological, corporate matrix—which involves even things like buying the next generation of iPhone, which they’re already saying is going to have its own fingerprint scanning technology, and all of these corporate, military, Big Brother elements to it that we’re willingly signing up to every day of our lives, and actually paying money for—or we start to create alternative structures which don’t rely on that system. It’s a choice that we have to make in our lives, I would say more quickly than has been apparent at any other time in human history.

My regular viewers will understand what I am proposing here: the creation of a parallel society. We will not achieve this by asking for more scraps from the master’s table, or by gently complying as we are herded into ever more constrictive technological pens, or by thinking that we can win this war by engaging the enemy in their controlled domain. We can only achieve this by creating our own table, our own economy and our own communities of interest. This will require the long and difficult task of increasing our independence from the authoritarian systems in every domain: the information domain, the food domain, the health domain, the monetary domain, the mental domain and every other contested battlespace in this all-out, fifth-generation war.

Easier said than done, of course. But there is no alternative.

Some will say “But won’t they come after that parallel society?” as if that is a rebuttal to what I have laid out here. The point is that you are  already  the target of the enemy in a war that most people but dimly understand is happening. Yes, the enemy will come after you. But they are already dominating you in more ways than any one person can fully understand. That does not stop just because you comply with their demands or take part in their system.

We must stop playing their game. We must stop fighting their war. We must stop ceding our power, our authority, our time, our attention, our energy and our resources to engaging the enemy in their terms in their battlefield.

We must create our own parallel society on our own terms.

And so we rediscover  an old piece of wisdom . To paraphrase: “Fifth-generation warfare is a strange game. The only winning move is not to play.”

War is over . . . if we want it.

45 Comments

I think it is important when discussing any form of information given to us is, whether or not the premise of the discussion can be verified. It is not enough to have a scientist ramble on about 100 papers talking about the effects of this or that, when there is only the papers stating that this or that exists. If the premise is false the conclusions are false. As it relates to the mind, the only thing that can be known is through direct experience. Most of what people think they know is all hearsay and wouldn’t standup in a proper court of law. Why should our minds be any different? Why should I worry about “gene” altering “RNA” when I don’t have direct evidence of it’s existence beyond computer images and scientific papers stating their existence? Look at the premise then ask the right questions, seek for the evidence and if none can properly be found, then one can dismiss everything in relation to that. This is psychological warfare, money is no object to creating front companies or industries to carry a false narrative. This is all about population management and though the technology has changed, the methods are the same.

P.S. When one accepts and unknown fact as a truth, that is called a belief. Too many think from various systems of belief. If one’s mind is filled with too many false beliefs, all sorts of distortions of thought can occur. Our society functions too much from belief and opinion instead of reason using verifiable information. And often beliefs through opinion become an emotional attachment to an idea, which one incorporates into their persona. It becomes a part of their identity which then becomes an emotional reaction when confronted that an idea may be false. It then becomes next to impossible to get a person to see the truth no matter how much one tries to reason with them or evidence given that what they perceive to be truth is actually false.

I agree with what you are saying, especially that we should verify everything for ourselves, when we can, and not rely on “authorities” who can be bought and paid for or have hidden agendas. The problem is that human nature wants to rely on short cuts to make sense of mountains of information. Few of us have the time, and the PTB make the job even harder by burying us under an avalanche of information. So we pick someone that we think we can trust and listen to them. We are at the mercy of con men who look trustworthy. Perhaps we will have to take a step backwards to deal with this problem. Just like we may have to get closer to the sources of our food, we may have to get closer to the people we trust for information. In the past a man’s reputation was everything and it was to invite violence to call him a liar. If we know who we are listening to, maybe we can be discerning in who we trust. No easy task.

You can also look at it as Spiritual Warfare, the war for your Soul.

It has been going on for a while now, and now we are reaching a more open battle. You can easily see what is good/evil from any spiritual perspective.

From every culture, whether you are believing the bible literally, or believe in materialism or in gods of Hinduism or in the spirits of your ancestors.

Evil is like a mind-parasite that lives on fear, hate and destruction. So it always convinces us to be in fear or hate and spread it to others.

And fighting it, is also fighting with the fear and anger that is lurking in your own mind. (Not by blaming others that they are not sharing your fear or hate.)

I noticed that psychopaths are completely puppets to these mind-parasites. So by fighting the parasite you can disarm even the psychopaths. What can they do if you do not react in fear?

And how do you fight fear and anger?

Interesting comment. Much appreciated. I’m also at the moment rumiating on that.

The need for spirituality seems so universal.

As James Evan Pilato says “They take the real to give you back the fake”

I’m reading a book called “Astrotheology & Shamanism” which much like the first part of the documentary Zeitgeist explains that many of the main deities of many different religions are actually nothing more that an original adoration of the sun. Jesus is another narrative trick in what is originally a solar deity.

I don’t know how serious this speculations actually are. I’m just getting an introduction. Anyway, at the moment just the possibility only of this being plausible is blowing my mind!

I tried to find the firsts references in Hinduist texts about the sun god and inspired me my very first piece of simple poetry:

https://merciadri.substack.com/

I’m working in two different versions and I want to do it open source so if anyone has any suggestions for changes or additions just send them in. I’ll appreciate and credit all the contributions as it should.

Your life will greatly improve if you take some time to praise the sun. 100%

Tried to watch Zeitgeist w/ open mind & found it rather disingenuous. As if the word Joystick means a stick that brings me joy. Or butterfly is a cube of churned milk fat w/ wings. Or the TV preacher that says Easter is pagan bc it comes fr the word Ishtar. All are frauds.

Years later i came across Zeitgeist Refuted by Chris White. He has a lot of interesting stuff. idk how to share a link, but at least you have the name.

https://youtu.be/Uh84h7Caf_E

Thanks MIss King, that was my conclusion as well. From memory at the time I think my advice to people was to ignore part 1 and just watch parts 2 and 3 (of the first video). Astrotheology has been totally debunked by a few people now and the ramblings of Acharya S are totally without merit.

“…..You can also look at it as Spiritual Warfare, the war for your Soul…..”

Spiritual warfare is unreal now, my Christian friends are all talking about it, too. My little boy is having spiritual warfare. This is something I’ve never heard discussed before these days.

You’d better nip that in the bud. Little boys should be pondering the mysteries of gravity, dirt, & how to blow things up. My biggest problem living in Atlanta was how to keep the village away fr my kids. “It takes a village,” was my worst nightmare.

Remove all TV, set schedules, ride ’em hard, feed them well, send them to bed clean & tired. Running laps in the hallway, line up for the niquil, or the beatings will begin in 5mins! A common theme in my household when i slipped & they would be giggling instead of sleeping…

That’s some terrible advice, sorry to say. Yes, children need to examine “the mysteries of dirt”, but they also need to understand the spiritual world – ignoring that part of your child’s education is a recipe for disaster.

>>My regular viewers will understand what I am proposing here: the creation of a parallel society.>>

Excellent idea. Much like the accusations in the 60’s of professors in their “Ivory towers” the assumption here is the assumed “we” in that idea who will actually do something is minuscule. At this time the “we” will not get off their SMART phones, shut off the TV, get out and talk to neighbors, stop eating garbage food, stop investing so much time and $$ in shiny new stuff, etc.

Metaphorically shaking one’s fist at issues in the comment boxes of “alt” sites and then going back to daily routines is probably realistically the most that gets done. We seem to be in the age of “fact porn” where being able to talk about issues supersedes any real action about them.

>>This will require the long and difficult task of increasing our independence from the authoritarian systems in every domain:>>

Since this good idea of breaking away from the current pop culture would take a generation of effort the obvious goal would be to influence 18-25 year old’s and that has it’s obvious challenge. Can’t even get them to hold down jobs these days as the helicopter parenting of everyone is a winner and deserves attention mind set has created a whole lot of folks who feel entitled not hungry for anything that makes one sweat.

I’m not a nay-Sayer nor negative Nelly and hope the collective consciousness can indeed achieve a nexus point of unity for freedom.

A daunting task for sure James and far better then anything involving gun powder or blood at this point. So few young folks understand what the New World Order, Untied Nations various agendas, Skull&Bones, the Communist Agendas from 50 years ago, the Technotronic Agenda, etc. are about beyond pop culture entertainment sources. Indeed, an info war of amazing power out there.

IT STARTS WITH YOU AND ME (song) https://www.bitchute.com/video/uPPBh6BmFaxQ/

HARNESSING HEARTBREAK FOR THE VACCINE INJURED https://thehighwire.com/ark-videos/harnessing-heartbreak-for-the-vaccine-injured/

I believed their lies and though I was doing something to protect my child. I didn’t think I was giving him a death sentence.

Hearing a bereaved father say this kicks like a mule.

A week or so ago Mr. Corbet was giving us the article associated w/ his talk, when i spied in the upper left corner a headline that touted the vax’s virtues among pregnant women & their babies. My son’s cousin-in-law, a 25yo, lost her baby at 7mos bc of same. Finally, the rest of the family is skeptical.

Please stop calling it a “Transhuman Dystopia”. 99.9% of actual transhumanism are not at all behind WEF and other variants that try to claim the name. Core transhumanism is utterly appalled and against any such usages and developments. Most transhumanists want to enable humans to become better using technology but only as and when each individual decides which technology they do and do not trust and is and is not of value to their goals and dreams. Never by top down force. Similarly while there are bad actors in GMO GMO crops of various kinds have saved hundreds of millions of lives to date and reduced the use of pesticides. Humans have been modifying genetically foodstuffs and animals for many thousands of years by selective breeding – long before we understood the underlying mechanisms. That we have sharper tools for doing so now is a boon, not of itself a curse. The real fighting back is largely internal and removing programing sources such as the hours of TV many watch. Technology is not the enemy at all any more than a hammer is. What it is used for and from what mindset and to what goals is what is important. We cannot be separatist in totality. But we can be in this world but not of this world. Parallel economy outside State control is very very important especially as the final State control over all economic transactions destroys all economic freedom in principle.

sjat “…..Similarly while there are bad actors in GMO GMO crops of various kinds have saved hundreds of millions of lives to date and reduced the use of pesticides….”

No true as far as I know. The use of pesticides has increased with GMO usage as I understand it- the point being to make the crop resist the chemicals that are used to kill off weeds.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundup_Ready “….While the use of Roundup Ready crops has increased the usage of herbicides measured in pounds applied per acre,[9] it has also changed the herbicide use profile….”

Yield is not all that wonderful either “….Under special conditions meant to reveal only genetic yield factors, RR lines actually have worse yields. In 1999, a review of Roundup Ready soybean crops found that, compared to the top conventional varieties, they had a 6.7% lower yield….”

LOWER yeild

good work James, you have woven these narratives of power with typical hard work and interesting refs. many thanks.

Thanks for making me feel like a french resistance spy in 1942!

Wasn’t feeling all that happy living in this dystopia…

We need to realize that PSYCHOPATHIC CONTROL FREAKS are running the world. FEAR is their main weapon against the sheeple. THEY fear the LIONS that are waking up. That is James job and my job. TO WAKE UP THE SLEEPING LIONS!

@Courageous Lion: So can you share what “you” are doing “TO WAKE UP THE SLEEPING LIONS”? Is it face to face work, blogging, etc.?

There has been a lot talk about various groups “waking up” for years now, part of what the “Q” nonsense was about IMO. The 11:11 “Doorway” in 1991; the various named events of the 60’s as well. Biggest point is just what will or can these “Lions” do once they are “awake” if the previous generations have not laid out tools and examples for them? – – – – – – – – – – – – – In 1970, Henry Kissinger said: “Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control people.” – – – – – – – – – – – – – The fundamental tools of deception are the encouragement of FEAR and a belief in SCARCITY. – – – – – – – – – – – – – The controllers have carefully laid out the indoctrination to what I have written about in both song and a small book called Demons and Redemption copying the psychological manipulation used by the early church state.

The government, military, global corporations, university systems, etc. have adapted or blue printed the same tactics:

Organized religion has sin and devil; the government has terrorists and communists; global corporations have yellow waxy floor buildup, bad breath, etc., the universities say you are ignorant and need to be taught.

They all promise to provide Redemption for a cost. Parishioners, taxpayers, and customers must fork over money in a never ending dance of new demons, or new ways of redemption.

DEMONS AND REDEMPTION (song) https://www.bitchute.com/channel/PNBO8R18Mpgv/

@Courageous Lion: I guess you are too busy waking up lions to reply 🙂

This is brilliant work James. I love this different style of documentary where you are on screen, like in The Media Matrix. Your presence is engaging and captivating, wise and intelligent but warm at the same time. For some reason while I’m watching I imagine you as a secondary school teacher (or high school to you), helping to expand kids’ minds, challenging and encouraging them to trust their own ability to think clearly.

Maybe you should do this for some of your other excellent articles?

“ Maybe you should do this for some of your other excellent articles?” – Stay tuned ?

And hats off to you, Broc. Great production.

Bingo. A LOT of folks don’t read anymore.

Also, add the confounder… New Study – Americans’ IQ scores have been falling for over a decade. EXCERPTS Americans’ IQ scores are trending in a downward direction. In fact, they’ve been falling for over a decade. Leading up to the 1990s, IQ scores were consistently going up, but in recent years, that trend seems to have flipped. The reasons for both the increase and the decline are still very much up for debate.

According to a press release, in studying intelligence testing data from 2006 to 2018, Northwestern University researchers noticed that test scores in three out of four “cognitive domains” were going down. This is the first time we’ve seen a consistent negative slope for these testing categories, providing tangible evidence of what is known as the “Reverse Flynn Effect.”

In a 1984 study, James Flynn noticed that intelligence test scores had steadily increased since the early 1930s. We call that steady rise the Flynn Effect. Considering that overall intelligence seemed to be increasing faster than could be explained by evolution, the reason increase became a source of debate, with many attributing the change to various environmental factors. But now, it seems that a Reverse Flynn Effect is, well, in effect.

Via Popular Mechanics https://archive.is/L2QZO

I haven’t watched this yet or the media matrix class (which I will do when I get more time) but I have always felt James is a good teacher. This is how I view a lot of his work, like a mind expanding lesson presented by a very good teacher that cares about opening hearts and minds.

I’ve had other good teachers in high school and in college who were similarly dedicated to this endeavor. I think it’s really cool and I have an appreciation for people with this gift.

In NYC at the UN, the stars and stripes (which is the war flag of the USA) is hanging with a spear standard above it. The spear standard indicates a state of war against the citizenry. You may ask yourself, what is the peace flag of the USA? It’s a totally different flag and it hangs the long way (perpendicular to the orientation of the war flag) with a ball standard above it, indicating a current peaceful status. No wonder we have never seen the USA flag of peace.

Theological fascists, like William Lind, define fourth generation warfare with glee!

Besides information war, Lind defines asymmetry as well.

Lind is an old man now and an old school fascist who has worked assiduously all his life to undermine any ‘semblance’ of democracy in the US in favor of theocracy.

But he was and is right.

Remember, fourth Generation Warfare was used to elect Ronald Reagan which is why the 80’s were the generation of the paleo-fascists like Lind, Reagan, Graham, tent preachers and the like.

The 80’s was the decade of of the development of an internal Phoenix Program, of which Fourth Gen, Warfare is a grand part.

Here is William S. Lind in 2020.

https://wentworthreport.com/2020/10/28/fourth-generation-war-comes-to-a-theater-near-you/

Tesla was a eugenicist?

apparently, he is quoted, at the 7:20 mark of this rave, as expecting eugenics to become a global standard. so far, his predictions are coming true,,

“the trend of opinion among eugenicists is that we must make marriage more difficult. Certainly noone who is not a desirable parent should be permitted to produce progeny,,,”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgG48UAjHes

so chief, alls we gotta do to fix the fact that a few people would like to kill most of life on earth, and theyre damn close to the capability, is “go to farmers markets”, and create a new social management system? (i see the cat filled over grown with vines capitol building from Logan’s run)

too easy, i’ll take two.

where do these terrible people come from?

pretty sure the responsibility reversal (a liars keystone) assault is continuous over ones whole life, but rubber hits road during childhood, when minds are wide open and not yet tempered by pain to form self protection. At this period, trauma can mutilate a persons long term outlook with ease.

agreed: the ability, or even drive, to take responsibility for one actions, can be a measure of just how self-reliant one has been. its a redundant claim but, like the insight “in order to learn to speak a foreign language one must simply speak it..”

as dumb as that can read, it has worked as a tool to encourage me to jump into the fray of broken grammar and half wrong words,, no matter how mistook, it’s always learned me new language.

good news is that the new social management system already has been refining the terms of engagement for billions of years. we call it “natural/creation law” but surely theres far more revealing spellings than that:

check how Ron Jr puts it (i dare you to take 5 and let his riffs in):

https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=UCnxXfSd71I

“They” have already started reading the thoughts of people and having gang stalkers repeat thoughts to Targetted Individuals. Please look into and/or address this issue. I’m so thankful that you share your info. It has helped me tremendously. I’ve had “tricks” played on me using the sound of crows to put fear into my mind.

Hello Corbett Report Folk, Thank you Miss King for your wise child rearing advise, I was born in 1954 before the total neo-Marxist madness had a chance to destroy our society as it has now. My English educator father never allowed the TV to invade our home and I’ve never owned one. We also had military style of order and discipline thanks to dads WW II service. The paralelle society fortunately has always been brewing in some corner of any and all societies and in many forms. If not we wouldn’t be here now. Today it has become a matter of some urgency to find and connect different sane societies in order to survive the destructive madness of the ruling elites with their humanity hating death cult. I suppose it’s like those “strategic hamlets” in Vietnam, the earth and the earthlings will have to be destroyed in order to save them! Here’s to America and the world finding strength and clarity as we struggle to recover from the Cold War, the terror wars, the Covid War, and from over 70 years of the neo-Marxist long march through our institutions!

Here’s a link to the technology Dr. James Giordano discusses in video, basically a synopsis of how neuroscience has been/can be weaponized against us:

https://nsiteam.com/social/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SMA-Invited-Perspective_Emerging-NeuroST_Giordano-and-DiEuliis_FINAL.pdf

Speaking from personal experience with TMS (using an magnet to stimulate parts of the brain to improve mood) I’d say the effect was weak and did not do much long term. Not to minimize or to dismiss some of this stuff in the article, but I think that the most potent weapon is psychological manipulation with media, propaganda and infiltration of narratives/social warfare. Sort of like what Noam Chomsky was doing.

I have doubts about the “stroking agent” if it even exists. If it does exist, it would be classified.

Maybe the “stroking agent” was the jab. That’s possible that it was some type of chemical weapon test and psychological warfare experiment.

My hunch is that some of this tech is probably talked up and/or that’s part of the psyop to generate fear in the public mind, to make people believe they are powerless and can’t doing anything about this insanity.

Anyone who makes these kinds of things for use against people is insane and I would say meets the definition of psychopathy. If anyone is helping these sick criminals develop and use these types of things against people are complicit in this. This goes for the psychological manipulation/psyop stuff too, it’s just as evil.

But I do think that not playing along and not giving energy to them and playing their game is the way forward. Also identifying them and what they are doing as abnormal and sick so that more people will stop going along. They thrive on energy and attention and relevance.

Forming healthy functioning communities that are not based on exploitation and are doing positive things in the world will be an example for others who want to have a meaningful life on the earth.

Poisoning of the air (chem trails) and train derailments releasing poisonous chemicals into the atmosphere, poisoning of the water via fluoridation, attacks on the food supply via destruction of food processing plants and declaration of virus outbreaks and subsequent killing of large numbers of livestock, psychological warfare in the form of isolation— resulting in stunted social development of children and increased depression and suicide, pushing transgender everywhere, including to young children in schools, and encouraging sex changes— more psychological warfare, just to name a few more fronts of the globalist war against humanity.

Parallel societies will only work if enough people are awake. It’s hard to say if enough people will ever be awake to make a difference. As noted in the Matrix, for a variety of reasons it’s hard to wake people up.

This was an excellent and enriching visualization of the 5th gen warfare editorial. Thanks James and Brock for your hard work in putting this together.

I especially appreciated those clips and comments you slipped in (like the one from the “A Mind Renewed Podcast” and your comments about how it is the seemingly little things and one’s perseverance and determination to extricate ourselves from being dependent and feeding into the corporatocracy/statist systems that will create lasting change, and not some temporarily gratifying assassination of an oligarch and/or violent revolution).

I have more I would like to say regarding the people who always say “but big brother will come and destroy your garden and your off grid community so why bother” but I am out of time for today.

For now I will just say that “He who says he can and he who says he can’t, are both usually right” and building a sandcastle on the beach is no less meaningful, worth while or enriching to one’s being even if one acknowledges that the tide will eventually come in.

More on this later.

Thanks for all that you do James!

Sadly, this is what is in store for the fairyland break way society…

Amish Farmer Threatened for Not Giving Up Traditional Farming https://youtu.be/bZN1fmF_woY

Is using one’s free will to choose to do that which is life affirming, nurturing, courageous, humble and peaceful any less meaningful knowing that one’s life will eventually end?

The success and measure of how worth while the process of co-creating decentralized regenerative food cultivation systems is not determined by merely the longevity and/or quantity of food produced by such an endeavor. The very act and conscious choice to use one’s hands and mind to align with nature, learn from nature (honoring God’s creation), use one’s efforts to nurture and feed others, is, in and of itself enriching to the spirit. Thus, regardless of the potential for totalitarian systems (and their enforcers/mindless followers) to attack, inhibit and/or destroy one’s work to create decentralized regenerative food production and/or alternative community/societal frameworks/structures the choice to embark upon such an endeavor offers a powerful reward (to those courageous enough to walk the path that takes responsibility for their own life) which enriches the individual (a reward that is attained regardless of whatever the outcome of the endeavor may be).

In my opinion, the “fairyland” option is stagnation and clinging to the hope that some external force, institution or individual is going to make your life better for you and/or improve this society and world for future generations. Pointing your finger at those choosing hard, honest and honorable work breaking from dependence on centralized systems and growing/raising their own food who are also being attacked by centralized systems (in a way that implies their efforts are pointless) is nothing more than a projection of a programmed defeatist mentality that represents the dominant attitude of those walking the well worn and easy path the masses have been herded onto.

What is your alternative to taking action to break from depending on centralized systems for your basic survival needs?

Waiting patiently for judgement day hoping the next realm will be better than this earthly experience?

Hoping that some politician is gonna show up and make the bad guys pay and make everything all better and give you a meal ticket?

Self pity, indolence and learned helplessness of some other format?

“As resistance grows, so grows the coercion. We are very nearly at a tipping point. The scale is evenly balanced—so finely, perhaps, that the weight of one person may tip it. Could that person be you?

Whatever reasons you have to comply, to stay silent, to keep your head down (and go buy your groceries from cosco and walmart)—and they may be very good reasons indeed—please do not accept the insidious false hope that someone else will take the risk if you do not.

What can one person do? Will it matter if I resist, if too many others do not? Five percent of the population can be locked up, locked in, or locked out of society. Forty percent cannot. Will you resist and risk being one of the five percent? Safer to wait and see, isn’t it. Safer to wait until after critical mass has been reached, and join the winning side.

Of all the lies of a controlling power, the key lie is the powerlessness of its victim. That lie is a form of sorcery, coming true to the extent it is believed. All modern people live within a pervasive metaphysical version of that lie. In a Newtonian universe of deterministic forces, indeed it matters little what one person does. It is wholly irrational for the discrete and separate self to be brave, to defy the mob, or to stand up to power. Sure, if lots of people do it, things will change, but you aren’t lots of people, you are just one person. So why not let other people do it? Your choice won’t much affect theirs.

Something in you knows that your private struggles and the choices of just-one-person are significant. Furthermore, something in you knows when the time has come to make the choice, to be brave…

An abuser, whether a person or a system, offers an opportunity to graduate to a new degree of sovereignty. We claim by example what a human being is. When made at risk, such a claim issues forth as a prayer. An intelligence beyond rational understanding responds to that prayer, and reorganizes the world around it. We may experience this as synchronicity, which seems to happen with uncanny frequency just at those moments where one takes a leap in the dark.. ..A path invisible from the starting point opens with each step along it.

So it shall be. The world will rearrange itself around the brave choices millions of people are making as they trust the knowledge, It is time. If you join us, you will be witness to a most marvelous paradox. The transition to a more beautiful world is a mass awakening into sovereignty, far beyond the doing of any hero, any leader, any individual. Yet you will know that it was you—your choice!—that was the fulcrum of the turning of the age.”

(from: https://charleseisenstein.substack.com/p/a-path-will-rise-to-meet-us )

If anyone gets the chance, please look up a book called ‘The End of all Evil’ by Jeremy Locke. It is out of print but the author has allowed a few sites to host the PDF and there are a couple of spoken versions on YT. It’s only 95 pages long but cuts right to the chase on the main underlying cause of all of these problems as well the real solution. I’ve read tons of books over the decades and I would rate this as one of the most important for this point in history.

Hear hear. I recommend audioboys rendition of End of all evil.

Another book that I would put side by side to the above is The most dangerous superstition by the former convict Larken Rose.

We made a song inspired by this… It’s call ‘rings within in rings’ about power structures (they) that help facilitate these awful unlawful and inhumane attacks on citizens. https://on.soundcloud.com/gjhjprG1PZXi6wN49 ??

A great documentary! I immediately remembered that creepy document called “Silent weapons for quiet wars”

Descriptive Introduction of the Silent Weapon Everything that is expected from an ordinary weapon is expected from a silent weapon by its creators, but only in its own manner of functioning. It shoots situations, instead of bullets; propelled by data processing, instead of chemical reaction (explosion); originating from bits of data, instead of grains of gunpowder; from a computer, instead of a gun; operated by a computer programmer, instead of a marksman; under the orders of a banking magnate, instead of a military general. It makes no obvious explosive noises, causes no obvious physical or mental injuries, and does not obviously interfere with anyone’s daily social life. Yet it makes an unmistakable “noise,” causes unmistakable physical and mental damage, and unmistakably interferes with the daily social life, i.e., unmistakable to a trained observer, one who knows what to look for. The public cannot comprehend this weapon, and therefore cannot believe that they are being attacked and subdued by a weapon. The public might instinctively feel that something is wrong, but that is because of the technical nature of the silent weapon, they cannot express their feeling in a rational way, or handle the problem with intelligence. Therefore, they do not know how to cry for help, and do not know how to associate with others to defend themselves against it.

When a silent weapon is applied gradually, the public adjusts/adapts to its presence and learns to tolerate its encroachment on their lives until the pressure (psychological via economic) becomes too great and they crack up. Therefore, the silent weapon is a type of biological warfare. It attacks the vitality, options, and mobility of the individuals of a society by knowing, understanding, manipulating, and attacking their sources of natural and social energy, and their physical, mental, and emotional strengths and weaknesses.

from the document “Silent weapons for quiet wars” https://www.lawfulpath.com/ref/sw4qw/index.shtml

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Home — Essay Samples — Sociology — Generation — 5th Generation Warfare

5th Generation Warfare

• Categories: American History Generation

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Words: 2033 |

11 min read

Published: Feb 12, 2019

Words: 2033 | Pages: 4 | 11 min read

Works Cited

• Bajwa, A. (2017). The spectre of fifth-generation warfare. The Nation. Retrieved from https://nation.com.pk/24-Apr-2017/the-spectre-of-fifth-generation-warfare
• Clausewitz, C. V. (1989). On War. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
• Cohen, E. (2011). The Evolution of 5GW. Small Wars Journal, 7. Retrieved from https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/the-evolution-of-5gw
• Dunnigan, J. F. (2003). Fifth Generation Warfare. StrategyPage.
• Khan, M. A. (2018). Fifth generation warfare: An emerging threat to Pakistan's national security. Journal of Political Studies, 25(1), 291-305.
• Kirby, R. (2011). Reflections on the fifth dimension of warfare. Journal of Strategic Studies, 34(1), 125-145.
• Kuhlmann, J. (2007). The importance of understanding 5GW. Small Wars Journal, 3.
• Lindsay, J. R. (2018). The origins of fifth-generation warfare. Texas National Security Review, 1(1), 67-82.
• Mazarr, M. J., Shatz, H. J., & Johnson, R. W. (2020). Understanding modern 5th generation warfare. RAND Corporation. Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR2900/RR2979/RAND_RR2979.pdf
• Rostow, W. W. (1991). The changing face of war. Foreign Affairs, 70(1), 171-183.

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Fifth Generation Warfare and the Challenges for Pakistan

Shafaat Ullah Shah

“For the present, we are at war and do not grasp the dimensions of the conflict.”

Ralph Peters

The term Fifth-Generation War has become a favorite acronym in Pakistan with media, politicians and military analysts, without the majority imbibing its true meanings. This is partially due to its evolving nature and the fact that the theoretical construct often neglects insights about the enduring nature of war. In order to gain an insight into its concept and the changing character of war, it is imperative to refer to earlier generations of warfare .

While the first three generations of warfare were clearly delineated, the Fourth Generation Warfare (4GW) obscures more than it explains. In simple terms,  4GW is a conflict characterized by a blurring of the lines between war and politics, combatants and civilians. The term was first used in 1989, after the demise of the Cold War era, by US analysts to describe warfare’s return to a decentralized form. 4GW was used successfully by the Afghan and Pakistan based Mujahedeen to defeat the erstwhile Soviet Union and is being used against the US today by the insurgencies in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Fifth Generation Warfare (5GW), once thought to be a generation too far in scope, has arrived and is irreversibly changing the dimensions of war. In its definition proffered by the US analysts, non-state warriors fight nation states out of sheer frustration without clear political objectives. Arguably,  this definition impedes an otherwise broad spectrum concept of warfare by confining its attributes to merely, non-state actors, frustration and void in political objectives. It could be foreign sponsored by an ideological movement like Muslim Brotherhood or Al Qaeda or a state(s) with well-defined political objectives and the motive besides frustration could be self-generated or instigation like in the case of “Arab Spring” of 2011 or even a monetary incentive for the fighters. In addition to the manner in which it expands the basic elements of war, 5GW has three distinct characteristics: its potential to achieve supra-combinations, blur the boundaries that have traditionally restricted warfare within a specified military or political range and its ability to limit the role of modern combined arms mechanized force in future conflict.

In its wake, 5GW has confronted many nations of the world, including Pakistan with an evolving strategic paradigm. Some of the affected nations could also be waging a fight against terrorists and must first confront this most potent and real threat of terrorism. The war on terrorism in itself manifests unprecedented advancements in the dimensions of conflict and has been characterized in many ways. It has been called as a new type of war, where the enemy is not a defined entity but a movement and as a war of ideas against extremism and without any borders. Simultaneously, and because war is a social institution that evolves along with changes in societies, political entities and technologies, if a nation is to maintain its security, it  must also look beyond the war on terror and prepare itself for the ascension of 5GW. This kind of unrestricted warfare demands a totally new thinking and approach, different from the perspective of military preparedness for past wars and embracing the perspective of national preparedness for the evolving spectrum of future forms of conflicts.

As the divisive demarcation between 5GW and its earlier version is blurred, there has not been any concrete evidence which fully illustrates its criterions. Some plausible manifestations in the context of Pakistan could be the use of media to propagate against the State and its institutions, cyberattacks, fake news, social media, money laundering, hacking of bank accounts, secessionist movements in Baluchistan, sectarian strife, creating unrest by raising popular religious slogans ( blasphemy related protests by TLYR) hacking etc . The acts of terrorism especially against hard core military targets like Naval and Kamra military bases and targeting foreign missions like the Chinese Consulate with responsibilities claimed by various terrorists entities like Tehreek e Taliban Pakistan (TPP), ISIS, Al-Qaeda, Baluchistan Liberation Army(BLA), but would have been perpetrated by hostile foreign power(s) to showcase the weakness of the State and erode conventional war fighting capability. The primary objective of these nefarious activities is to mar the credibility of the State, create a wedge between Army and the Executive, create mass unrest and portray Pakistan unsafe for foreign investment and as a failed state.

Defining challenges facing Pakistan related to its national authority, national interests and national will by 5GW are relatively easy, more difficult is to find antidotes to these enigmas. The quest is further compounded due to the nascent and evolving nature of this warfare. As 5GW meets Clausewitz’s definition of war as the ‘’continuous interaction of opposite”, a cogent response must also address multiple aspects to equip and respond to any eventuality both in kinetic and non-kinetic forms. As a cardinal principle of the response parameters, first, a long term strategic perspective of security must be taken, second, focus must shift from a pure military dimension to all elements of the national power to shape conflict termination, third, the elements of national power must be transformed by not mere reorganization of government apparatus but a redefinition of forms and functions. In the context of Pakistan, to surmount the challenges of new brands of warfare, it is imperative to highlight certain response parameters.

Firstly, given that National Action Plan has political consensus and a broad framework of involvement of all the elements of national power, it should be implemented in totality. Secondly, there is an urgent need to revive the national spirit, fervor and the Ideology of Pakistan. We still tend to align ourselves more with the Muslim Umma, than our country which has been created on the basis of Islamic Ideology. All Arab Nations describe themselves as Arabs first and Muslims later. Also, local governments provide channels of communications and implementation of reform policies and hence need to be empowered at the  grass root levels. It is doubly important to improve all tiers of governance and strengthen their accountability.

Moreover, there is a dire need  to control mosques and madrasas with the objective of controlling extremism. No Muslim country has progressed without achieving this. Data in today’s world is a precious national asset. We have no safeguards for the protection of data and hence we must take measures to secure data and turn it into an important cog in policy-making.

Another important area that we need to work on is Cyber Security. Cyber-warfare provides easy disruption options for the malfunctioning of government and financial institutions without detection of the originators. Therefore, a lack of focus on this domain can prove costly for Pakistan.

There are other recommendations that, if implemented, can help Pakistan mitigate the challenges emanating from this new form of warfare:

• Media Management both through internal principles, ethics and censorship of news against national interests / institutions.
• A wholesome analyses of the threats facing us in the spectrum of 5GW, Hybrid Warfare to streamline response parameters.
• A drastic review of our foreign relations and closing of fronts to focus resources towards most potent threat(s).
• Revision of curriculum from primary to masters to include inculcation of national moorings, ideology and sacrifices rendered in salvation of Pakistan to name a few.

To conclude, in a globalized world today, Pakistan like many other countries is facing multiple threats to its sovereignty both by internal elements and hostile states. These challenges call for a wide ranging discourse for an in-depth understanding of this ever evolving threat spectrum and gearing up all elements of national power to mount a potent response.

Lt. Gen Shafaat Ullah Shah (Retd) is former Military Secretary to the President, Corps Commander, Lahore and was Pakistan’s Ambassador to the Kingdom of  Jordan.

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