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How to Report Someone on Roblox

Last Updated: December 11, 2022 Tested

wikiHow is a “wiki,” similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. To create this article, 12 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. The wikiHow Tech Team also followed the article's instructions and verified that they work. This article has been viewed 48,863 times. Learn more...

Does someone you met on Roblox have an inappropriate username? Have they bullied you? Created an exploit? Well, these are all merits of reporting someone, but sometimes you might not know how. So, in this guide, you'll learn two ways to report a user on Roblox.

Reporting Someone in a Game

While you can both report someone outside and inside a game, reporting someone in-game should not be planned prematurely.

• On a computer, you can use Esc as a shortcut to the game menu.

• An alternative is to head to the player menu (which should be the first section that appears), and find the report button next to the specific player.

• What they did is important since it helps Roblox prevent other users from making another user go through the pain of being cyber-bullied or threatened, etc.

Reporting Someone Outside a Game

Sometimes, someone might have an inappropriate profile, that might also deserve a report.

• Inappropriate Language - Profanity & Adult Content
• Asking for or Giving Private Information
• Bullying, Harassment, Discrimination
• Exploiting, Cheating, Scamming
• Account Theft - Phishing, Hacking, Trading
• Innapropriate Content - Place, Image, Model
• Real Life Threats and Suicide Threats
• Other rule violation

Community Q&A

• Remember that not all reports will cause a user to become banned; sometimes they’ll just be given a warning, and sometimes they won’t be even counted as a violation. Thanks Helpful 3 Not Helpful 0
• Note that poorly written reports may be ignored, so try to include as much information about the user's behavior as you can. Thanks Helpful 1 Not Helpful 2

• Don't continuously report users who didn't do something really bad. It can cause you to become blocked. Thanks Helpful 12 Not Helpful 0

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How to report players on Roblox

Reporting the right players makes Roblox a better place.

If you're ever playing Roblox and you come across a toxic player who's bullying you or someone you know, or even a stranger in your server, it may be a good idea to report their behavior to moderators, and attempt to have them warned about their actions/words. Reported players will likely receive a warning from Roblox upon their first incident, followed by a full account ban if they continue to play inappropriately. To learn more about how to go about reporting a player, continue reading below.

How to report someone on Roblox

Players can technically be reported in three ways: by reporting them in game, reporting them from their Roblox profile, or reporting them from the Chat menu. All three of these ways are detailed below.

How to report a Roblox player in game

If you're ever playing a Roblox experience and someone begins to act out in an offensive, mean, or toxic way, you can report them in just a few simple steps:

• Click the Roblox icon in the top left corner to open the Roblox menu
• Scroll through the list of players until you see the perpetrator you're looking for
• Click the flag icon next to their name

• Select the general reason for your report from the drop-down options and then type a comment explaining why you chose to report said player
• Click Submit

Upon following these steps, your report will be completed and sent away to Roblox's moderation and safety team.

Related: What is a Roblox Premium membership and what does it do?

How to report a Roblox player from their profile

As you search around the Roblox website, you may come across a profile that displays inappropriate and/or offensive content, whether it's in the form of avatar clothes, or verbiage in the player's bio or username. When you find an account like this, you can report it by clicking the small red link below their About and Creations sections that says Report Abuse .

Clicking this link will take you to the official Report Abuse page where you can continue choosing the reason for the report, and then enter a custom comment explaining your reasoning.

How to report a player from the chat menu

Sending hateful, offensive, or scammy messages and comments on the internet (and especially on Roblox) has become exceptionally commonplace in the last few years, so it's important to know what to do when you get them. If you receive a direct message that you deem inappropriate for Roblox, you can report the sender immediately by opening the Settings of your chat history, clicking on the three dots by their name, and selecting Report from the drop down menu.

Related: Roblox Price Guide: How much do Robux cost?

Then, like the other steps mentioned above, select the red Report button once more and fill out the necessary information for your claim.

What happens when someone gets reported on Roblox?

If Roblox moderators read a submitted report and deem that what was said does in fact qualify as bad behavior, the reported individual will likely receive a warning that advises them to stop said behavior. If the previously reported player continues their actions and gets reported again, they will either receive another warning, a temporary suspension, or a permanent ban, depending on the severity of their behavior.

What should I do after reporting someone?

Upon submitting a report on another player, you'll likely want to separate yourself from their negative energy and bad behavior. The easiest way to do this is by blocking them, which, like reporting, can be done in game or from the player's profile.

That's it for this quick guide on how to report players on Roblox. If you run into a toxic Robloxian in an experience, don't let it turn you away from the entire platform—Roblox has so much to offer and so many friendly players who will outweigh the bad!

Looking for more Roblox content, including some basic "how to" articles? Check out some of our other guides on How to change your profile picture on Roblox or How to whisper in Roblox here on Pro Game Guides!

About the Author

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False reporting

• View history

False reporting occurs when one player reports another for false reasons or for things that are not against the rules, typically with intent to get them banned .

False reporting can rarely result in action taken against a Roblox account, including a warning or ban. At one time, there was a report option for when you believed you were falsely reported, labeled "Falsely Reporting Me", but it was removed. False reports rarely result in bans, and when they do they are usually easy to appeal. Moderation staff have a wide array of tools and logs to review what has happened either in-game or on the site, and so it is unlikely that a false report usually results in moderation action except in the case of moderator error or the player in question has done something against the rules in the past.

• 1.1 Falsely reported for violating the community rules, even though the victim didn't violate the rules
• 1.2 Revenge Reporting
• 2.1 Flamingo / Albertsstuff

Examples of False Reporting [ ]

The most common type of false reporting is to report a player for killing another, especially if they are skilled at the particular game's combat system. Usually, the hope is that the reported player will be mistaken for a hacker and banned for exploiting , but this rarely actually happens. Beyond that, there are also cases where something is against the rules in the specific game but not across all of Roblox — for example, many building games that lack proper griefing protection will use in-game bans to punish players for destroying others' work, but victims of griefing will commonly and mistakenly use Roblox's report system instead of the developer's, creating what is technically also a false report.

Falsely reported for violating the community rules, even though the victim didn't violate the rules [ ]

The example down here is bullying one.

This type of report, has happened to some players. Apparently, the perpetrator will accuse the victim of bullying, even though the victim did not bully anyone. They say that they didn't, but the perpetrator still thinks they bullied someone, Then they(the perpetrator) will file a report against the victim, and accuse them for bullying again, and then bullies the victim. This isn't very common. The perpetrator will then hope that the victim is banned. Again, the victim is less likely to be banned, since bans for "false reporting" are actually rare. Sometimes, the victim might fight back, and file a report against the perpetrator which is named "Revenge Reporting", after the perpetrator filed the report on the victim.

Revenge Reporting [ ]

Another notable example is revenge reporting. This is where a player knowingly and intentionally reports another as an act of revenge, usually for trivial things such as a disagreement, leaving a group, or for making a more successful game. The force of vengeance is strong; it is not uncommon for revenge reports to include actual (though often very old) offenses and to make use of multiple accounts to cause it to seem more severe than it actually is and to make it more likely for a moderator to see it: this is unlikely, as reporting a player more does not result in a higher chance of a moderator seeing it. Players who do this are often banned and their victims reinstated as soon as the victim makes an appeal.

Notable Cases [ ]

There have been a few cases of false reporting affecting well-known players, such as developers, YouTubers, and contest winners.

Flamingo / Albertsstuff [ ]

BANNED FROM ROBLOX (for a really weird reason...)

Near the end of 2017, a popular Roblox YouTuber, mrflimflam , had been under multiple attacks of false reporting, resulting in the removal of one of his groups and places and his account being banned for three days.

• 1 Catalog:Headless Horseman
• 2 Qubix Games/Forgotten Memories

How to post a Bug Report

Reports without the following information will not be investigated.

Replies to bug reports must also follow these guidelines where possible. This means “Me too!” replies are not acceptable.

Your bug report must have:

• An accurate title - Engineers should know what the bug is before opening the thread. Be specific!
• A detailed description - Explain what you expect, and what happens instead.
• Where it happens - Include links if it happens with specific places / users / groups / etc.
• When it happens - Include the date and time (including timezone) when it started happening.
• Videos and images - Include visuals to demonstrate the problem.
• Reproduction instructions and files - See below

See some examples .

Reproduction Steps

Provide step-by-step instructions that cause the bug to happen. These steps must be:

• Minimal - Simplify complicated steps or conditions as much as possible.
• Specific - Steps must be clear and detailed. Don’t assume engineers know what you mean.
• Consistent - Ideally, your steps reproduce the issue 100% of the time. Specifically mention how often your steps reproduce the bug (100% / 50% / Rarely?)

Reproduction Files

If your bug is with Studio or the Roblox engine, upload a very simple place file to your thread that can be used to reproduce the bug. This file should contain the bare minimum to cause the bug to happen.

Always include reproduction (repro) files for bugs that only happen with specific scripts / place setups / instances / etc!

If your repro file contains private content, you should DM it to the Logs / Crash Dumps / Other Bug Files group. Include a link to the DM in your thread. This link is only viewable by Roblox employees

Required Information

You must include this extra supporting information:.

If your bug is happening on the website:

Make sure the bug still happens if you disable all of your browser extensions.

Include what browser version you are using.

If your bug only happens to a specific game / user / group / etc:

• Make a repro file as simple as possible that causes the bug. Otherwise, include direct links to the affected game / user / group; engineers will not know what “my group” or “game-name” means.

If your bug is happening in Studio:

• Make sure it only happens in Studio and post in # bug-reports:studio-bugs . If it happens at all in games joined from the website, post in # bug-reports:engine-bugs !
• Check that it still happens when your plugins are disabled

If you are crashing / freezing / disconnecting / having problems running Roblox or Studio: ( Review the difference between crashes, freezes, and disconnects , make sure you use the right word!)

If you have a crash or freeze, include a program dump , reproduction information and your log files .

If you have disconnection / backend server problems (e.g. game or Team Create disconnects), provide information to help Roblox find the issue , and your log files .

If Roblox is lagging or running slowly:

• Include a microprofiler dump , and your system information .

If you have graphics problems or Roblox looks wrong:

• Include your system information .

Example Bug Reports

Studio bugs: studio crashes when resizing any 5x5x5 part.

Roblox Studio will always crash when you try to resize a 5x5x5 size part using the resize tool, the properties widget, or command bar. Parts of any other size do not crash.

This happens only in Studio. This started happening on December 20.

With Resize tool or Properties widget:

• Create a part and set its size to 5,5,5 using the properties widget.
• Select the part and choose the resize tool, or select the size field in the properties widget.
• Try to resize the part, Studio will crash.

With script run from command bar:

Both methods will crash 100% of the time.

https://devforum.roblox.com/t/link-to-dm-to-studio-bug-files/######

Engine Bugs: Character spawns with green head in live games

When your character spawns in-game, your head will always be green. This does not happen in Studio, it only happens in a real game.

This started happening today. As far as I can tell, this happens 100% of the time with both R6 and R15 characters.

• Join any game, this default baseplate for example: https://www.roblox.com/games/testing-game-id-here .
• Notice your head is green when you spawn.

Engine Bugs: Glass material renders completely black

In-game and in Studio the glass material renders completely black.

This happens 100% of the time for me, but other people I’ve asked don’t have this problem. This has been happening since I got my new GPU on December 20.

OS: Windows 10 Home GPU: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070

This is what a default part inserted in Studio and changed to the glass material looks like for me.

Engine Bugs: Lag when creating ParticleEmitters

Sometimes when a ParticleEmitter is created by either the server or the client, Roblox will have a brief lag spike. Parenting the ParticleEmitter is not required, simply creating it with a script will cause the problem.

This started happening today. This happens in-game, and in Studio about 50% of the time a ParticleEmitter is created. This only happens with ParticleEmitters.

• Run the below code.
• Roblox will freeze briefly about 50% of the time after “Creating” is printed.

ParticleEmitterLagExample.rbxl (17.2 KB)

Demonstration

If you look closely, you can see Roblox freezing briefly.

GIF | Gfycat

Microprofiler Dump

You can clearly see one of the lag spikes in this dump. microprofile-20191220-022927.html (1.1 MB)

How to Find Log Files

It is important you identify the correct log files! Make sure you are sorting by last modified or finding the most recent logs by timestamp.

Roblox / Studio successfully opens

• Go to %localappdata%/Roblox/logs .
• Sort the directory you opened by Last Modified.
• Take the latest log_xxxxx_x.txt file.
• Go to ~Library/Logs/Roblox .
• Library can be found under Go > Library (you may need to hold down Option if it isn’t there).

Roblox / Studio does not open properly

Include the logs from the above section if they exist.

• Go to %localappdata%\Temp and sort the folder by Last Modified
• Take the latest two RBX-xxxxxxxx.log files
• Go to ~Library/Logs/Roblox and sort the folder by Last Modified
• Take the latest bootstrapper_xxxxxx_x.txt file.

If the issue is freezing, loading forever, or similar, wait a few minutes before following these instructions to copy the log files so that there is enough time for long operations to get logged.

DM the log files to the Logs / Crash Dumps / Other Bug Files group. Include a link to the DM in your thread. This link is only viewable by Roblox employees.

How to Get Dump Files

How to find dumps automatically generated on crash.

Crashes are when you get a crash dialog/popup or the program closes on its own. If you get a white screen / spinning beachball cursor, this is NOT a crash! See the freezes/hangs section below.

• Go to %localappdata%/Roblox/logs and sort the folder by Last Modified.
• Take the first .DMP file (if you don’t see one, it may be in /archive ).
• Open the terminal and run open $TMPDIR
• Sort the folder by Last Modified.
• Take the first .DMP file.

How to generate dump files for freezes/hangs

If your problem is with Studio, FIRST, make sure all plugins are disabled from File > Advanced > Manage Plugins to verify the cause is Studio. Include in your bug report that you tested with all plugins disabled.

• Open the Task Manager with Ctrl+Shift+Escape .
• Find RobloxStudio in either the Details (Windows 10) or Processes tab.
• Right click and select “Create dump file”.
• Take the .DMP file shown in the resulting popup dialog.
• Open the Activity Monitor from within Applications > Utilities.
• Select Roblox / Roblox Studio.
• Click the action menu in the toolbar (Gear Dropdown) > Sample Process.
• Take the .txt file saved in the proceeding dialog.

Generate 3 or more dump files like this, each a few minutes apart.

Once you have the dumps/samples from either of the above steps, they are too large to share on the forum. You will need to upload them to a file hosting service (e.g. Google Drive, Dropbox). Zipping and compressing these first will often make them a manageable size.

DM the dump files to the Logs / Crash Dumps / Other Bug Files group. Include a link to the DM in your thread. This link is only viewable by Roblox employees.

How to Get Microprofiler Dumps

If Roblox or Studio is stuttering or running slowly, but not completely frozen, you can provide a microprofiler dump to help engineers find the problem.

• Open the microprofiler with Ctrl+F6 .
• Once the stuttering / slowness happens, press Ctrl+P to pause the microprofiler.
• From the top menu bar, click Dump > 32 frames .
• Go to your logs folder
• Find the latest microprofile-yyyymmdd-xxxxxx.html file.
• Open the file in your browser and make sure that it captured the performance problem (there should be a spike near the right side of the timeline at the top).

You can directly upload this HTML file to your bug report.

Providing System Information

Minimal information.

This information is usually enough for a bug report unless asked for by an engineer.

If you’re on Mac, engineers prefer if you follow the steps below, even if you already know your system information. If you’re on Windows and know your system information, you can just include your OS, CPU & GPU models, and RAM amount in your bug report (otherwise, follow the steps below).

• Click the Apple icon in the top left of the screen and select About This Mac .
• Include a screenshot of the dialog that appears.
• Open Task Manager with Ctrl + Shift + Escape .
• Go to the Performance tab.
• e.g. Intel(R) … @ 3.0 GHz, 16 GB, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 970
• Type dxdiag in the start menu (or in the Run dialog) and press enter.
• If a popup appears about “digitally signed drivers”, click “Yes”.
• Include the values from Operating System, Processor, and Memory on the System page, and the Name from the Display 1 page in your bug report.

Advanced Information

Engineers will ask you for this information if needed.

• Click System Report... .
• Click File > Save .
• DM the saved file to the Logs / Crash Dumps / Other Bug Files group, and include a link to the DM in your thread. Only Roblox employees can access these DMs.
• Click “Save All Information” and upload the generated DxDiag.txt file to your bug report thread.

Helping Correlate Backend Logs

If there is a problem on the backend / server (Roblox’s side), engineers will need to investigate their own logs. To find them (since they have too many to look through manually), they need:

• The user ID of the account you were using when you had the issue.
• The place ID / game ID of the game you were using when you had the issue.
• If the issue is in Team Create, does it happen in a live game as well?
• The date and time (including timezone) you had the issue. Be as precise as possible.
• Your log files .
• e.g. screenshots of errors and popups, HTTP status codes displayed in the UI, log files , etc.

What is the difference between crashes / hangs / disconnects?

It’s important to know which kind of bug you are reporting in order to be able to provide the right information in the bug report.

If the entire application doesn’t close (e.g. it just goes back to the start page) or an “Updating Roblox…” dialog appears shortly after, then it isn’t a crash. When a crash occurs, please include the crash dump and log files .

Freezes / Hangs

The application stops responding and is unable to be used, but is still open. On Mac, you will generally get the infinite spinning beachball cursor, while on Windows, the application will usually be marked with “(Not Responding)” and become slightly whiter like

Please include manually generated dumps for freezes / hangs.

Disconnects

Please include information to help us correlate backend logs for disconnects.

How to launch Studio without plugins enabled

User-installed plugins can change the behavior of Roblox Studio. If you have problems with crashing, freezing, strange behavior, etc. you should attempt to reproduce your bug with all of your plugins disabled before reporting it.

If the issue is caused by plugins, try to include a link to the plugin causing the problem, and try to check that your bug is not caused by faulty plugin programming, but instead is caused by faulty engine/Studio API that the plugin is using.

• Shift + right click on your Roblox Studio shortcut, and choose “Open file location”.

• Roblox Studio will start with all user plugins temporarily disabled.
• Open Spotlight with Command + Space.
• Search for and open “Terminal”.
• Type open /Applications/RobloxStudio.app --args -disableLoadUserPlugins and press Enter.

How to copy terrain from one place into a repro file

If you have an issue with terrain in a place and don’t want to send your whole private game as a repro file, you can extract just the terrain. Even if the place isn’t sensitive, this can help reduce noise in the place when engineers are troubleshooting the bug.

Step 1: Open the place you want to copy terrain from in Studio and run the following in the command bar

Step 2: Right click > Save As (.rbxm) the generated TerrainRegion parented under workspace.Terrain Step 3: Create a new, empty baseplate and delete the baseplate + spawn Step 4: Insert the TerrainRegion saved in step 2 through the Model tab > Model button and parent it to workspace.Terrain Step 5: Run the following in the command bar:

Step 6: Verify the bug still repros in the new place Step 7: Delete the TerrainRegion, save the place as a repro file, and attach it to your bug report

Handling hyperion related solutions

NOTE: This text has been drawn from ‘Hyperion related solutions’ - for the original post, see here: https://devforum.roblox.com/t/hyperion-related-solutions/2322367

The document reads as follows:

"This short write-up is an attempt to have a centralized document that we can link to when guidance is needed.

Mini Q&A:

Q: Why is my Roblox player crashing?

A: There are basically two major categories of crashes:

• Crashes due to bugs in the Roblox player.
• Crashes induced by Hyperion due to the detection of unusual access to the Roblox player process.

Q: How can I distinguish between a Hyperion crash and a crash caused by Roblox player bugs? A: Hyperion-induced crashes happen typically rather quickly right after starting the Roblox player.

If you suspect a Hyperion crash, what should you do?

Hyperion is rather strict when other processes attempt to access the address space belonging to the Roblox player, as this sort of behavior is typically a hallmark of malicious software. However, there is quite a high number of programs that are generally not malicious but demand unreasonable access rights to the process space of our Roblox player.

A typical example is tools simply needing to query statistics from processes in the system but, rather than opening the process with humble PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION access rights, attempting to open the process with PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS.

It is important to point out that proper digitally signed software is not subject to limited access. The keyword here is “proper,” as signatures can be outdated or otherwise invalid. In other words, the simple presence of a signature is not necessarily a guarantee that the signature is accepted.

To find the offending process, there are several strategies:

Strategy one:

• Terminate all processes and Windows services that are not absolutely necessary and try to rerun the Roblox player again.
• If the Roblox player runs, try starting the usual programs and Windows services one by one until the Roblox player crashes again.

Strategy Two:

Perform a clean boot as described by Microsoft and rerun the Roblox player.

How to perform a clean boot in Windows - Microsoft Support

Describes how to use the clean boot process to troubleshoot a problem in Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7, or Windows Vista.

Strategy Three:

Enable full crash dump for the Roblox crash uploader by following these simple steps:

• Create a file %LOCALAPPDATA%\Roblox\Versions<your-current-client-version-here>\ClientSettings\ClientAppSettings.json .
• Open the newly created file and add the following: {"DFIntWriteFullDmpPercent": 100}
• Rerun the Roblox player and let it crash.
• File a bug report as outlined here and attach the crash report as well as all log files to the report.
• Logs and crash dump (files with the extension .dmp ) can be found in %UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Roblox\logs or %UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Roblox\logs\crashes .

Strategy Four:

Use ProcDump to create a crash dump by following these steps:

• Download and extract ProcDump : ProcDump - Sysinternals | Microsoft Learn 25.
• Create a folder called dumps (e.g., C:\dumps ).
• Open an elevated command prompt where you extracted procdump and run this command: procdump -ma -i C:\dumps . Click Yes if any prompts appear.
• Now run Roblox player again, and it will automatically create a crash dump in C:\dumps . You can send us one of the dumps that are created there (there will likely be two of the same crash).

We hope this helps, and as always, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us. Thank you for your patience."

What Happens When You Report Someone on Roblox?

How to keep your child safe on Roblox?

Roblox is a popular online gaming platform that allows users to create and play games. As with any online community, there are rules that users must follow. If a user violates these rules, you may report that user to the platform.

What happens if you report someone on Roblox?

When someone reports another user on Roblox, the report is sent to the Roblox moderation team. The moderation team will then investigate the report and take appropriate action. The type of action that is taken will depend on the severity of the violation.

For minor violations, the user may receive a warning. For more serious violations, the user may be temporarily banned from Roblox. In some cases, the user may even be permanently banned.

What can you report others on?

Hate speech or threats of violence

Bullying or harassment

Inappropriate or offensive content

Cheating or hacking

Scamming or phishing

Spamming or flooding

Impersonating another user

Violating Roblox's terms of service

Reporting a user on Roblox

Here are some of the things that can happen when you report someone on Roblox:

The reported user may receive a warning.

The reported user may be temporarily banned from Roblox.

The reported user may be permanently banned from Roblox.

The reported user's content may be removed from Roblox.

The reported user may be prevented from interacting with other users.

It is important to note that not all reports will result in action being taken. The moderation team will only take action if they believe that the user has violated the rules.

How to report someone on Roblox

If you believe that someone is violating the Roblox rules, you can report them by following these steps:

Go to the Roblox website or app.

Sign in to your account.

Click on the "Report Abuse" button.

Select the type of abuse that you are reporting.

Provide as much information as possible about the abuse, such as the username of the reported user, the date and time of the abuse, and a description of what happened.

Click on the "Submit" button.

Here are some additional tips for reporting someone on Roblox:

Be as specific as possible when describing the abuse.

Provide screenshots or video evidence, if possible.

Only report users who you believe are actually violating the rules.

Do not report users for personal reasons, such as because you do not like them or because they beat you in a game.

By following these tips, you can help ensure that the Roblox moderation team takes appropriate action against users who are violating the rules.

For more up-to-date information, visit Roblox's official page on Parents, Safety, and Moderation here: https://en.help.roblox.com/hc/en-us/categories/200213830-Parents-Safety-and-Moderation .

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Roblox Return to Service 10/28-10/31 2021

by Daniel Sturman in collaboration with Scott Delap, Max Ross, & many others from Roblox and HashiCorp.

Starting October 28th and fully resolving on October 31st, Roblox experienced a 73-hour outage. ¹ Fifty million players regularly use Roblox every day and, to create the experience our players expect, our scale involves hundreds of internal online services. As with any large-scale service, we have service interruptions from time to time, but the extended length of this outage makes it particularly noteworthy. We sincerely apologize to our community for the downtime.

We’re sharing these technical details to give our community an understanding of the root cause of the problem, how we addressed it, and what we are doing to prevent similar issues from happening in the future. We would like to reiterate there was no user data loss or access by unauthorized parties of any information during the incident.

Roblox Engineering and technical staff from HashiCorp combined efforts to return Roblox to service. We want to acknowledge the HashiCorp team, who brought on board incredible resources and worked with us tirelessly until the issues were resolved.

Outage Summary

The outage was unique in both duration and complexity. The team had to address a number of challenges in sequence to understand the root cause and  bring the service back up.

• The outage lasted 73 hours.
• The root cause was due to two issues. Enabling a relatively new streaming feature on Consul under unusually high read and write load led to excessive contention and poor performance. In addition, our particular load conditions triggered a pathological performance issue in BoltDB. The open source BoltDB system is used within Consul to manage write-ahead-logs for leader election and data replication. 
• A single Consul cluster supporting multiple workloads exacerbated the impact of these issues.
• Challenges in diagnosing these two primarily unrelated issues buried deep in the Consul implementation were largely responsible for the extended downtime. 
• Critical monitoring systems that would have provided better visibility into the cause of the outage relied on affected systems, such as Consul. This combination severely hampered the triage process.
• We were thoughtful and careful in our approach to bringing Roblox up from an extended fully-down state, which also took notable time.
• We have accelerated engineering efforts to improve our monitoring, remove circular dependencies in our observability stack, as well as accelerating our bootstrapping process. 
• We are working to move to multiple availability zones and data centers.
• We are remediating the issues in Consul that were the root cause of this event.

Preamble: Our Cluster Environment and HashiStack

Roblox’s core infrastructure runs in Roblox data centers. We deploy and manage our own hardware, as well as our own compute, storage, and networking systems on top of that hardware. The scale of our deployment is significant, with over 18,000 servers and 170,000 containers.

In order to run thousands of servers across multiple sites, we leverage a technology suite commonly known as the “ HashiStack .” Nomad , Consul and Vault are the technologies that we use to manage servers and services around the world, and that allow us to orchestrate containers that support Roblox services.

Nomad is used for scheduling work. It decides which containers are going to run on which nodes and on which ports they’re accessible. It also validates container health. All of this data is relayed to a Service Registry, which is a database of IP:Port combinations. Roblox services use the Service Registry to find one another so they can communicate. This process is called “service discovery.” We use Consul for service discovery, health checks, session locking (for HA systems built on-top), and as a KV store.

Consul is deployed as a cluster of machines in two roles. “Voters” (5 machines) authoritatively hold the state of the cluster; “Non-voters” (5 additional machines) are read-only replicas that assist with scaling read requests. At any given time, one of the voters is elected by the cluster as leader. The leader is responsible for replicating data to the other voters and determining if written data has been fully committed.  Consul uses an algorithm called Raft for leader election and to distribute state across the cluster in a way that ensures each node in the cluster agrees upon the updates.  It is not uncommon for the leader to change via leader election several times throughout a given day.

The following is a recent screenshot of a Consul dashboard at Roblox after the incident.  Many of the key operational metrics referenced in this blog post are shown at normal levels.  KV Apply time for instance is considered normal at less than 300ms and is 30.6ms in this moment. The Consul leader has had contact with other servers in the cluster in the last 32ms, which is very recent.

1. Normal Operations of the Consul at Roblox

In the months leading up to the October incident, Roblox upgraded from Consul 1.9 to Consul 1.10 to take advantage of a new streaming feature . This streaming feature is designed to significantly reduce the CPU and network bandwidth needed to distribute updates across large-scale clusters like the one at Roblox.

Initial Detection (10/28 13:37)

On the afternoon of October 28th, V ault performance was degraded and a single Consul server had high CPU loa d. Roblox engineers began to investigate. At this point players were not impacted.

Early Triage (10/28 13:37 – 10/29 02:00)

The initial investigation suggested that the Consul cluster that Vault and many other services depend on was unhealthy.  Specifically, the Consul cluster metrics showed elevated write latency for the underlying KV store in which Consul stores data. The 50th percentile latency on these operations was typically under 300ms but was now 2 seconds. Hardware issues are not  unusual at Roblox’s scale, and Consul can survive hardware failure. However, if hardware is merely slow rather than failing, it can impact overall Consul performance. In this case, the team suspected degraded hardware performance as the root cause and began the process of replacing one of the Consul cluster nodes. This was our first attempt at diagnosing the incident . Around this time, staff from HashiCorp joined Roblox engineers to help with diagnosis and remediation. All references to “the team” and “the engineering team” from this point forward refer to both Roblox and HashiCorp staff.

Even with new hardware, Consul cluster performance continued to suffer. At 16:35, the number of online players dropped to 50% of normal.

2. CCU during the 16:35 PST Player Drop

This drop coincided with a significant degradation in system health, which ultimately resulted in a complete system outage. Why? When a Roblox service wants to talk to another service, it relies on Consul to have up-to-date knowledge of the location of the service it wants to talk to. However, if Consul is unhealthy, servers struggle to connect. Furthermore, Nomad and Vault rely on Consul, so when Consul is unhealthy, the system cannot schedule new containers or retrieve production secrets used for authentication. In short, the system failed because Consul was a single point of failure, and Consul was not healthy.

At this point, the team developed a new theory about what was going wrong: increased traffic. Perhaps Consul was slow because our system reached a tipping point, and the servers on which Consul was running could no longer handle the load? This was our second attempt at diagnosing the root cause of the incident.

Given the severity of the incident, the team decided to replace all the nodes in the Consul cluster with new, more powerful machines. These new machines had 128 cores (a 2x increase) and newer, faster NVME SSD disks. By 19:00, the team migrated most of the cluster to the new machines but the cluster was still not healthy. The cluster was reporting that a majority of nodes were not able to keep up with writes, and the 50th percentile latency on KV writes was still around 2 seconds rather than the typical 300ms or less.

Return to Service Attempt #1 (10/29 02:00 – 04:00)

The first two attempts to return the Consul cluster to a healthy state were unsuccessful. We could still see elevated KV write latency as well as a new inexplicable symptom that we could not explain: the Consul leader was regularly out of sync with the other voters. 

The team decided to shut down the entire Consul cluster and reset its state using a snapshot from a few hours before – the beginning of the outage. We understood that this would potentially incur a small amount of system config data loss ( not user data loss). Given the severity of the outage and our confidence that we could restore this system config data by hand if needed, we felt this was acceptable. 

We expected that restoring from a snapshot taken when the system was healthy would bring the cluster into a healthy state, but we had one additional concern. Even though Roblox did not have any user-generated traffic flowing through the system at this point, internal Roblox services were still live and dutifully reaching out to Consul to learn the location of their dependencies and to update their health information. These reads and writes were generating a significant load on the cluster. We were worried that this load might immediately push the cluster back into an unhealthy state even if the cluster reset was successful. To address this concern, we configured iptables on the cluster to block access. This would allow us to bring the cluster back up in a controlled way and help us understand if the load we were putting on Consul independent of user traffic was part of the problem.

The reset went smoothly, and initially, the metrics looked good. When we removed the iptables block, the service discovery and health check load from the internal services returned as expected. However, Consul performance began to degrade again, and eventually we were back to where we started: 50th percentile on KV write operations was back at 2 seconds. Services that depended on Consul were starting to mark themselves “unhealthy,” and eventually, the system fell back into the now-familiar problematic state. It was now 04:00. There was clearly something about our load on Consul that was causing problems, and over 14 hours into the incident, we still didn’t know what it was.

Return to Service Attempt #2  (10/29 04:00 – 10/30 02:00)

We had ruled out hardware failure. Faster hardware hadn’t helped and, as we learned later, potentially hurt stability. Resetting Consul’s internal state hadn’t helped either. There was no user traffic coming in, yet Consul was still slow. We had leveraged iptables to let traffic back into the cluster slowly. Was the cluster simply getting pushed back into an unhealthy state by the sheer volume of thousands of containers trying to reconnect? This was our third attempt at diagnosing the root cause of the incident .

The engineering team decided to reduce Consul usage and then carefully and systematically reintroduce it. To ensure we had a clean starting point, we also blocked remaining external traffic. We assembled an exhaustive list of services that use Consul and rolled out config changes to disable all non-essential usage. This process took several hours due to the wide variety of systems and config change types targeted. Roblox services that typically had hundreds of instances running were scaled down to single digits. Health check frequency was decreased from 60 seconds to 10 minutes to give the cluster additional breathing room. At 16:00 on Oct 29th, over 24 hours after the start of the outage, the team began its second attempt to bring Roblox back online. Once again, the initial phase of this restart attempt looked good, but by 02:00 on Oct 30th, Consul was again in an unhealthy state, this time with significantly less load from the Roblox services that depend on it.

At this point, it was clear that overall Consul usage was not the only contributing factor to the performance degradation that we first noticed on the 28th. Given this realization, the team again pivoted. Instead of looking at Consul from the perspective of the Roblox services that depend on it, the team started looking at Consul internals for clues.

Research Into Contention (10/30 02:00 – 10/30 12:00)

Over the next 10 hours, the engineering team dug deeper into debug logs and operating system-level metrics.  This data showed Consul KV writes getting blocked for long periods of time. In other words, “contention.”The cause of the contention was not immediately obvious, but one theory was that the shift from 64 to 128 CPU Core servers early in the outage might have made the problem worse. After looking at the htop data and performance debugging data shown in the screenshots below, the team concluded that it was worth going back to 64 Core servers similar to those used before the outage. The team began to prep the hardware: Consul was installed, operating system configurations triple checked, and the machines readied for service in as detailed a manner as possible. The team then transitioned the Consul cluster back to 64 CPU Core servers, but this change did not help. This was our fourth attempt at diagnosing the root cause of the incident.

3. We then displayed this with a perf report as shown above. The majority of time was spent in kernel spin locks via the Streaming subscription code path.

4. HTOP showing CPU Usage across 128 cores.

Root Causes Found (10/30 12:00 – 10/30 20:00)

Several months ago, we enabled a new Consul streaming feature on a subset of our services.  This feature, designed to lower the CPU usage and network bandwidth of the Consul cluster, worked as expected, so over the next few months we incrementally enabled the feature on more of our backend services. On October 27th at 14:00, one day before the outage, we enabled this feature on a backend service that is responsible for traffic routing. As part of this rollout, in order to prepare for the increased traffic we typically see at the end of the year, we also increased the number of nodes supporting traffic routing by 50%.  The system had worked well with streaming at this level for a day before the incident started, so it wasn’t initially clear why it’s performance had changed. However through analysis of perf reports and flame graphs from Consul servers, we saw evidence of streaming code paths being responsible for the contention causing high CPU usage. We disabled the streaming feature for all Consul systems, including the traffic routing nodes. The config change finished propagating at 15:51, at which time the 50th percentile for Consul KV writes lowered to 300ms. We finally had a breakthrough.

Why was streaming an issue?  HashiCorp explained that, while streaming was overall more efficient, it used fewer concurrency control elements (Go channels) in its implementation than long polling.  Under very high load – specifically, both a very high read load and a very high write load – the design of streaming exacerbates the amount of contention on a single Go channel,  which causes blocking during writes, making it significantly less efficient. This behavior also explained the effect of higher core-count servers: those servers were dual socket architectures with a NUMA memory model.  The additional contention on shared resources thus got worse under this architecture.  By turning off streaming, we dramatically improved the health of the Consul cluster.

Despite the breakthrough, we were not yet out of the woods. We saw Consul intermittently electing new cluster leaders, which was normal, but we also saw some leaders exhibiting the same latency problems we saw before we disabled streaming, which was not normal. Without any obvious clues pointing to the root cause of the slow leader problem, and with evidence that the cluster was healthy as long as certain servers were not elected as the leaders, the team made the pragmatic decision to work around the problem by preventing the problematic leaders from staying elected. This enabled the team to focus on returning the Roblox services that rely on Consul to a healthy state.

But what was going on with the slow leaders? We did not figure this out during the incident, but HashiCorp engineers determined the root cause in the days after the outage. Consul uses a popular open-source persistence library named BoltDB to store Raft logs. It is not used to store the current state within Consul, but rather a rolling log of the operations being applied. To prevent BoltDB from growing indefinitely, Consul regularly performs snapshots. The snapshot operation writes the current state of Consul to disk and then deletes the oldest log entries from BoltDB. 

However, due to the design of BoltDB, even when the oldest log entries are deleted, the space BoltDB uses on disk never shrinks. Instead, all the pages (4kb segments within the file) that were used to store deleted data are instead marked as “free” and re-used for subsequent writes. BoltDB tracks these free pages in a structure called its “freelist.” Typically, write latency is not meaningfully impacted by the time it takes to update the freelist, but Roblox’s workload exposed a pathological performance issue in BoltDB that made freelist maintenance extremely expensive.  

Restoring Caching Service (10/30 20:00 – 10/31 05:00)

It had been 54 hours since the start of the outage. With streaming disabled and a process in place to prevent slow leaders from staying elected, Consul was now consistently stable. The team was ready to focus on a return to service.

Roblox uses a typical microservices pattern for its backend. At the bottom of the microservices “stack” are databases and caches. These databases were unaffected by the outage, but the caching system, which regularly handles 1B requests-per-second across its multiple layers during regular system operation, was unhealthy. Since our caches store transient data that can easily repopulate from the underlying databases, the easiest way to bring the caching system back into a healthy state was to redeploy it.

The cache redeployment process ran into a series of issues: 

• Likely due to the Consul cluster snapshot reset that had been performed earlier on, internal scheduling data that the cache system stores in the Consul KV were incorrect. 
• Deployments of small caches were taking longer than expected to deploy, and deployments of large caches were not finishing. It turned out that there was an unhealthy node that the job scheduler saw as completely open rather than unhealthy. This resulted in the job scheduler attempting to aggressively schedule cache jobs on this node, which failed because the node was unhealthy. 
• The caching system’s automated deployment tool was built to support incremental adjustments to large scale deployments that were already handling traffic at scale, not iterative attempts to bootstrap a large cluster from scratch. 

The team worked through the night to identify and address these issues, ensure cache systems were properly deployed, and verify correctness. At 05:00 on October 31, 61 hours since the start of the outage, we had a healthy Consul cluster and a healthy caching system. We were ready to bring up the rest of Roblox.

The Return of Players (10/31 05:00 – 10/31 16:00)

The final return to service phase began officially at 05:00 on the 31st.  Similar to the caching system, a significant portion of running services had been shut down during the initial outage or the troubleshooting phases.  The team needed to restart these services at correct capacity levels and verify that they were functioning correctly. This went smoothly, and by 10:00, we were ready to open up to players.

With cold caches and a system we were still uncertain about, we did not want a flood of traffic that could potentially put the system back into an unstable state.  To avoid a flood, we used DNS steering to manage the number of players who could access Roblox. This allowed us to let in a certain percentage of randomly selected players while others continued to be redirected to our static maintenance page. Every time we increased the percentage, we checked database load, cache performance, and overall system stability. Work continued throughout the day, ratcheting up access in roughly 10% increments. We enjoyed seeing some of our most dedicated players figure out our DNS steering scheme and start exchanging this information on Twitter so that they could get “early” access as we brought the service back up. At 16:45 Sunday, 73 hours after the start of the outage, 100% of players were given access and Roblox was fully operational.

Further Analysis and Changes Resulting from the Outage

While players were allowed to return to Roblox on October 31st, Roblox and HashiCorp continued refining their understanding of the outage throughout the following week. Specific contention issues in the new streaming protocol were identified and isolated. While HashiCorp had benchmarked streaming at similar scale to Roblox usage, they had not observed this specific behavior before due to it manifesting from a combination of both a large number of streams and a high churn rate. The HashiCorp engineering team is creating new laboratory benchmarks to reproduce the specific contention issue and performing additional scale tests. HashiCorp is also working to improve the design of the streaming system to avoid contention under extreme load and ensure stable performance in such conditions. 

Further analysis of the slow leader problem also uncovered the key cause of the two-second Raft data writes and cluster consistency issues. Engineers looked at flame graphs like the one below to get a better understanding of the inner workings of BoltDB.

5. BoltDB freelist operations analysis.

As previously mentioned, Consul uses a persistence library called BoltDB to store Raft log data. Due to a specific usage pattern created during the incident, 16kB write operations were instead becoming much larger. You can see the problem illustrated in these screenshots:

6. Detailed BoldDB statistics used in analysis.

The preceding command output tells us a number of things:

• This 4.2GB log store is only storing 489MB of actual data (including all the index internals). 3.8GB is “empty” space.
• The freelist is 7.8MB since it contains nearly a million free page ids.

That means, for every log append (each Raft write after some batching), a new 7.8MB freelist was also being written out to disk even though the actual raw data being appended was 16kB or less. 

Back pressure on these operations also created full TCP buffers and contributed to 2-3s write times on unhealthy leaders. The image below shows research into TCP Zero Windows during the incident.

7. Research into TCP zero windows. When a TCP receiver’s buffer begins to fill, it can reduce its receive window. If it fills, it can reduce the window to zero, which tells the TCP sender to stop sending.

HashiCorp and Roblox have developed and deployed a process using existing BoltDB tooling to “compact” the database, which resolved the performance issues.

Recent Improvements and Future Steps

It has been 2.5 months since the outage. What have we been up to? We used this time to learn as much as we could from the outage, to adjust engineering priorities based on what we learned, and to aggressively harden our systems. One of our Roblox values is Respect The Community, and while we could have issued a post sooner to explain what happened, we felt we owed it to you, our community, to make significant progress on improving the reliability of our systems before publishing. 

The full list of completed and in-flight reliability improvements is too long and too detailed for this write-up, but here are the key items:

Telemetry Improvements

There was a circular dependency between our telemetry systems and Consul, which meant that when Consul was unhealthy, we lacked the telemetry data that would have made it easier for us to figure out what was wrong. We have removed this circular dependency. Our telemetry systems no longer depend on the systems that they are configured to monitor.

We have extended our telemetry systems to provide better visibility into Consul and BoltDB performance. We now receive highly targeted alerts if there are any signs that the system is approaching the state that caused this outage. We have also extended our telemetry systems to provide more visibility into the traffic patterns between Roblox services and Consul. This additional visibility into the behavior and performance of our system at multiple levels has already helped us during system upgrades and debugging sessions.

Expansion Into Multiple Availability Zones and Data Centers

Running all Roblox backend services on one Consul cluster left us exposed to an outage of this nature. We have already built out the servers and networking for an additional, geographically distinct data center that will host our backend services. We have efforts underway to move to multiple availability zones within these data centers; we have made major modifications to our engineering roadmap and our staffing plans in order to accelerate these efforts.

Consul Upgrades and Sharding

Roblox is still growing quickly, so even with multiple Consul clusters, we want to reduce the load we place on Consul. We have reviewed how our services use Consul’s KV store and health checks, and have split some critical services into their own dedicated clusters, reducing load on our central Consul cluster to a safer level.

Some core Roblox services are using Consul’s KV store directly as a convenient place to store data, even though we have other storage systems that are likely more appropriate. We are in the process of migrating this data to a more appropriate storage system. Once complete, this will also reduce load on Consul.

We discovered a large amount of obsolete KV data. Deleting this obsolete data improved Consul performance.

We are working closely with HashiCorp to deploy a new version of Consul that replaces BoltDB with a successor called bbolt that does not have the same issue with unbounded freelist growth. We intentionally postponed this effort into the new year to avoid a complex upgrade during our peak end-of-year traffic. The upgrade is being tested now and will complete in Q1.

Improvements To Bootstrapping Procedures and Config Management

The return to service effort was slowed by a number of factors, including the deployment and warming of caches needed by Roblox services. We are developing new tools and processes to make this process more automated and less error-prone.  In particular, we have redesigned our cache deployment mechanisms to ensure we can quickly bring up our cache system from a standing start. Implementation of this is underway.

We worked with HashiCorp to identify several Nomad enhancements that will make it easier for us to turn up large jobs after a long period of unavailability. These enhancements will be deployed as part of our next Nomad upgrade, scheduled for later this month.

We have developed and deployed mechanisms for faster machine configuration changes.

Reintroduction of Streaming

We originally deployed streaming to lower the CPU usage and network bandwidth of the Consul cluster. Once a new implementation has been tested at our scale with our workload, we expect to carefully reintroduce it to our systems.

A Note on Public Cloud

In the aftermath of an outage like this, it’s natural to ask if Roblox would consider moving to public cloud and letting a third party manage our foundational compute, storage, and networking services.

Another one of our Roblox values is Take The Long View, and this value heavily informs our decision-making. We build and manage our own foundational infrastructure on-prem because, at our current scale, and more importantly, the scale that we know we’ll reach as our platform grows, we believe it’s the best way to support our business and our community. Specifically, by building and managing our own data centers for backend and network edge services, we have been able to significantly control costs compared to public cloud. These savings directly influence the amount we are able to pay to creators on the platform. Furthermore, owning our own hardware and building our own edge infrastructure allows us to minimize performance variations and carefully manage the latency of our players around the world. Consistent performance and low latency are critical to the experience of our players, who are not necessarily located near the data centers of public cloud providers.

Note that we are not ideologically wedded to any particular approach: we use public cloud for  use cases where it makes the most sense for our players and developers. As examples, we use public cloud for burst capacity, large portions of our DevOps workflows, and most of our in-house analytics. In general we find public cloud to be a good tool for applications that are not performance and latency critical, and that run at a limited scale. However, for our most performance and latency critical workloads, we have made the choice to build and manage our own infrastructure on-prem. We made this choice knowing that it takes time, money, and talent, but also knowing that it will allow us to build a better platform. This is consistent with our Take The Long View value.

System Stability Since The Outage

Roblox typically receives a surge of traffic at the end of December. We have a lot more reliability work to do, but we are pleased to report that Roblox did not have a single significant production incident during the December surge, and that the performance and stability of both Consul and Nomad during this surge were excellent. It appears that our immediate reliability improvements are already paying off, and as our longer term projects wrap up we expect even better results.

Closing Thoughts

We want to thank our global Roblox community for their understanding and support.  Another one of our Roblox values is Take Responsibility, and we take full responsibility for what happened here. We would like to once again extend our heartfelt thanks to the team at HashiCorp. Their engineers jumped in to assist us at the outset of this unprecedented outage and did not leave our side. Even now, with the outage two months behind us, Roblox and HashiCorp engineers continue to collaborate closely to ensure we’re collectively doing everything we can to prevent a similar outage from ever happening again.

Finally, we want to thank our Roblox colleagues for validating why this is an amazing place to work. At Roblox we believe in civility and respect. It’s easy to be civil and respectful when things are going well, but the real test is how we treat one another when things get difficult. At some point during a 73-hour outage, with the clock ticking and the stress building, it wouldn’t be surprising to see someone lose their cool, say something disrespectful, or wonder aloud whose fault this all was. But that’s not what happened. We supported one another, and we worked together as one team around the clock until the service was healthy. We are, of course, not proud of this outage and the impact it had on our community, but we are proud of how we came together as a team to bring Roblox back to life, and how we treated each other with civility and respect at every step along the way.

We have learned tremendously from this experience, and we are more committed than ever to make Roblox a stronger and more reliable platform going forward.

Thank you again. 

¹ Note all dates and time in this blog post are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).

Roblox beats bookings estimates on higher in-game spending, shares jump

A man photographs a Roblox banner displayed, to celebrate the company's IPO, on the front facade of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in New York, U.S., March 10, 2021. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/ File Photo Acquire Licensing Rights

Nov 8 (Reuters) - Roblox (RBLX.N) beat quarterly bookings estimates as in-game spending jumped and summer break drove more users to its online gaming platform for titles including "Adopt Me!" and "Murder Mystery 2", sending its shares over 17% higher on Wednesday.

The results are the latest sign that spending was holding up well on videogames in an uncertain economy, after Electronic Arts (EA.O) raised its annual forecast last week.

Roblox said average daily active users surged 20% to 70.2 million in the September quarter, a period during which children typically engage more in gaming due to summer breaks at schools.

"Growth was particularly strong in western Europe and east Asia," finance chief Michael Guthrie said, noting the regions consist of older players that spend more on its platform.

"Those are wealthy countries, so they have a lot of purchasing power."

Net bookings, generated from in-game purchases of Roblox's virtual currency "Robux", came in at $839.5 million, beating estimates of $830.2 million, according to LSEG data.

The company, among the world's most popular gaming sites for children, has been trying to draw in older gamers and investing in advertising.

That helped drive a 20% jump in hours spent on its platform and a 14% rise in the number of average monthly unique paying users in the third quarter.

Roblox launched on Meta Platforms' (META.O) Quest mixed reality headset in September and saw more than 2 million lifetime installs as of Oct. 31, the company said. It also recorded over 15 million downloads in October from Sony's (6758.T) PlayStation devices after launching in the previous month.

The company posted a net loss of $277.2 million for the quarter ended Sept. 30, compared with a loss of $297.8 million a year earlier.

In February next year, Roblox will reveal its forecasts for full-year 2024 and the first quarter, it said.

Reporting by Harshita Mary Varghese; Editing by Shinjini Ganguli and Devika Syamnath

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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Roblox’s influence might be more powerful than any of us realize, according to new report

Thu, November 09, 2023 at 9:01:00 AM EST

On Nov. 9, the gaming platform Roblox released its 2023 Digital Expression, Fashion & Beauty Trends report that analyzed how Gen Z users are styling and designing their avatars.

Roblox has millions of user-generated universes — referred to as “experiences” — and games . While Roblox was founded in 2004, the program exploded among preteen and teenage users during the pandemic and has an estimated 43.2 million daily active users. Of those active users, more than half are under the age of 16.

Roblox is often compared to Minecraft, another popular gaming platform, because of the similar blocky graphics. But Roblox is described as “more social” and “immersive.” The Sims, a life-simulation video game in which users can fully customize characters (known as “sims”), doesn’t have any clear goals for players and doesn’t allow them to play their sims in first-person.

Part of the appeal to users, in juxtaposition to other mainstream social media platforms like TikTok and Instagram , is the ability to customize an avatar.

“For Gen Z, we learn that there is a symbiotic relationship between digital and physical fashion ,” Ben Barry, associate professor of equity and inclusion at the Parsons School of Design, explained in the newly published report. “We also learn how important digital fashion is for Gen Z users’ mental well-being and self-expression.”

According to the 2022 study, which was done in collaboration with Parsons, Gen Z users reported that having the option to choose every physical element of their avatar plays a “critical role” in why they love Roblox.

“Whether it’s a safe space to play with fashion or carry over their style from the physical world, digital fashion is critical for Gen Z to explore, express and expand who they are,” Barry concluded.

Roblox has collaborated with popular brands such as Crocs, Nike and Forever 21, as well as luxury brands like Ralph Lauren and Gucci. Roblox also works with beauty brands , and allows users to experiment with Charlotte Tilbury, Maybelline New York and Urban Decay.

Players can shop for accessories, clothes or products using Robux, the platform’s virtual currency. Users can pay for Robux with real-world currency or purchase premium memberships that provide monthly stipends. Or players can resell items through the marketplace or earn Robux through creating experiences.

Luxury items such as Gucci bags are sold on Roblox for about 475 Robux when they launch. There are limited units of each product on the site, so resellers can push the price of high-demand pieces into the thousands of Robux. In May 2021, Polygon reported that the average price for a Gucci purse on Roblox was 134,257 Robux or about $1,600 in real-world money.

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Key insights from the report found that more users said they believed their looks were judged less in the metaverse than in the physical world, and more users said they felt like building an avatar felt “more me” than posting photos on other social media.

Maisy Fifield, a 20-something creator on Roblox, told In The Know by Yahoo that the platform serves as a blank canvas “to represent your true self, whether it be culture, gender identity or personality,” she says. “I try to pack that personality into every creation I make.”

To obtain its findings, Roblox drew on behavioral data from the last nine months of 2023 as well as self-reported survey data collected from 1,545 participating Gen Z users (which Roblox classified as being users between 14 and 26) living in the U.S. and the U.K.

A whopping 56% of Gen Z users surveyed reported that styling their avatar was more important to them than styling themselves in the physical world; 84% of respondents said their physical style is “at least somewhat” inspired by what their avatar and other avatars wear on Roblox.

Notably for brands, 51% of respondents said they were “very or extremely likely” to consider looking into a brand for themselves after trying on a brand’s item virtually.

Model Karlie Kloss, who launched her own experience on Roblox called Klossette, wrote a blurb for the report outlining her belief that the platform was the future for “taste-making.”

“In the past, a fashion publication used to play that curation role,” she said. “But the next generation is going other places for that influence.”

In an interview with Mashable , Kloss reiterated her view: “This is not just some kids game [or] cute little metaverse thing, it’s a real business.”

Kloss evidently knows of what she speaks — in September 2022, she wore a Carolina Herrera gown on the runway and then had a Roblox creator recreate the dress within the metaverse. Vogue Business reported the virtual version of the dress sold for 188,257 Robux, or about $1,900. One player resold the dress on Roblox for more than $5,000.

It turns out that the divide between Roblox’s metaverse and the physical world isn’t that large. In October, young users who claimed that they were unable to participate in protests over the Israel-Hamas war took to Roblox to participate virtually.

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Shares of Roblox pop 11% after company's third-quarter results beat estimates

• Roblox shares jumped Wednesday after the company released third-quarter results that beat analysts' estimates.
• The company reported 70.2 million average daily active users, up 20% from a year earlier.
• In a letter to shareholders Wednesday, Roblox said it has slowed its spending growth across major expense categories

In this article

Shares of Roblox closed up more than 11% on Wednesday after the company released third-quarter results that beat on the top and bottom lines and showed strong user growth.

Here's how the company did:

• Loss per share: 45 cent loss vs. 51 cent loss expected by LSEG, formerly known as Refinitiv
• Revenue (bookings): $839 million vs. $830 million expected by LSEG

The revenue figure is what Roblox calls bookings, a category that includes sales recognized during the quarter and deferred revenue. Bookings rose by 20% year over year. Roblox reported $702 million in bookings in the  year-ago quarter .  

The company generates revenue from sales of its virtual currency called Robux, which players use to dress up their avatars and buy other premium in-game features.

Roblox reported 70.2 million average daily active users, up 20% from a year earlier. Users spent more than 16 billion hours engaged in Roblox during the second quarter, up 20% year over year.

The company reported a net loss of $277.2 million for the quarter, which ended Sept. 30. Roblox reported a net loss of $297.8 million for the same period in 2022.

In a letter to shareholders Wednesday, the company said that top-line growth was particularly strong in East Asia and Europe, and that Roblox has slowed its spending growth across major expense categories. The company said it will also begin providing guidance in fiscal 2024.

The company said average bookings per daily active user was $11.96, flat year over year.

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Roblox reports 38% revenue spike in Q3, 70M daily active users

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Roblox today released its financial earnings report for Q3 2023, and the company reports revenue of $713.2 million, a 38% increase year-over-year, as well as bookings of $839.5 million, a 20% increase over the same period. In addition to monetary figures, Roblox also reported it had over 70 million daily active users, a 20% increase from the previous Q3, and 14.7 million unique monthly payers, a 14% increase.

Roblox’s net loss for the quarter is $277.2 million, down almost $20 million from the previous quarter. It also saw a 20% increase in engagement, to 16 billion hours. The company’s stock jumped by almost 15% after the earnings report came out, largely thanks to beating analysts’ estimates for the quarter.

According to Roblox CFO Michael Guthrie, bookings grew most in Europe and east Asia across the time period. The company also “slowed spending growth across most of our major expense categories,” to which Guthrie attributes its improved margins. The company’s Ashburn-based data center is also almost complete, Guthrie says, which decreased capital expenditures. The company’s personnel costs increased 22% (excluding stock-based compensation),

David Baszucki, Roblox CEO, said in a statement, “Our strong third quarter results reflect our continued platform innovation and growth across all age groups and geographies. We are executing against our key priorities to enable deeper forms of immersion, communication and Avatar expression on the platform, while investing in artificial intelligence, brands and advertising, to drive future growth.”

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